Ibrahim na Daular Usmaniyya
 Ibrahim na Daular Usmaniyya | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
9 ga Faburairu, 1640 - 12 ga Augusta, 1648 ← Murad IV (en)  - Mehmed IV (en) → | |||
| Rayuwa | |||
| Haihuwa |
Constantinople (en) , 5 Nuwamba, 1615 | ||
| ƙasa | Daular Usmaniyya | ||
| Mutuwa |
Constantinople (en) , 18 ga Augusta, 1648 | ||
| Makwanci |
Q55700548 | ||
| Yanayin mutuwa | kisan kai | ||
| Ƴan uwa | |||
| Mahaifi | Ahmed I | ||
| Mahaifiya | Mahpeyker Kösem Sultan | ||
| Abokiyar zama |
Hümaşah Sultan (en) | ||
| Ma'aurata |
Saliha Dilaşub Sultan (en) Turhan Sultan (en) Muazzez Sultan (en) | ||
| Yara |
view
| ||
| Ahali |
Osman II (en) , Murad IV (en) , Gevherhan Sultan (en) , Hanzade Sultan (en) , Fatma Sultan (en) , Şehzade Kasim (en) , Ayşe Sultan (en) da Atike Sultan (en) | ||
| Yare |
Ottoman dynasty (en) | ||
| Sana'a | |||
| Sana'a | sarki | ||
| Imani | |||
| Addini | Musulunci | ||
 | |||
Ibrahim (/ˌɪbrəˈhiːm/; Ottoman Turkish: ; Turkish: İbrahim; an haifeshi a ranar 5 ga watan Nuwamba shekarata alif 1615-zuwa ranar 18 ga watan Agusta shekarata alif 1648) ya kasance Sultan na Daular Ottoman daga shekarar alif 1640 har zuwa shekara ta alif 1648. An haife shi a Constantinople, ɗan Sultan Ahmed I da Kösem Sultan, ɗan ƙabilar Girka mai suna Anastasia.[1][2][3]
An kira shi Ibrahim the Mad (Turkish) saboda yanayin tunaninsa da halayensa.[4] Koyaya, masanin tarihi Scott Rank ya lura cewa abokan hamayyarsa sun yaɗa jita-jita game da hauka na sultan, kuma wasu masana tarihi sun ba da shawarar cewa ya fi rashin iyawa fiye da hauka.[5]
Ƙuruciya[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An haifi Ibrahim a ranar 5 ga watan Nuwamba 1615, ɗan Sultan Ahmed I da Haseki Sultan kuma watakila matarsa ta doka, Kösem Sultan. Lokacin da Ibrahim yake da shekaru 2, mahaifinsa ya mutu ba zato ba tsammani, kuma kawun Ibrahim Mustafa I ya zama sabon sultan. A wannan lokacin, an tura Kösem Sultan da 'ya'yanta, gami da saurayi Ibrahim, zuwa Tsohon Fadar. Bayan maye gurbin ɗan'uwansa Murad IV, an tsare Ibrahim a cikin Kafes, wanda ya shafi lafiyarsa. Sauran 'yan uwan Ibrahim Şehzade Bayezid, Şehzade Suleiman da Şehzade Kasım an kashe su ne ta hanyar umarnin Sultan Murad IV, kuma saboda haka, Ibrahim ya ji tsoron cewa shi ne na gaba a cikin layin. Koyaya, bayan mutuwar ɗan'uwansa, Ibrahim ya zama Sultan na Daular Ottoman.
Sarauta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Early life[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An haifi Ibrahim a ranar 5 ga watan Nuwamba shekarata alif 1615, ɗan Sultan Ahmed I da Haseki Sultan kuma watakila matar sa, Kösem Sultan .
Samun dama[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Daya daga cikin sanannun Ottoman Sultans, Ibrahim ya shafe duk rayuwarsa ta farko a cikin tsare-tsare na Kafes kafin ya gaji ɗan'uwansa Murad IV (1623-40) a cikin 1640. Murad ya kashe 'yan uwan su biyu, kuma Ibrahim ya rayu cikin tsoro na kasancewa na gaba da mutuwa. An ceci ransa ne kawai ta hanyar ceto na Kösem Sultan, mahaifiyar Ibrahim da Murad.
Bayan mutuwar Murad, Ibrahim ya bar shi kadai yarima mai rai na daular. Bayan da Grand Vizier Kemankeş Kara Mustafa Pasha ya nemi ya ɗauki Sultanate, Ibrahim ya yi zargin Murad yana da rai kuma yana shirin kama shi. Ya ɗauki haɗin gwiwar Kösem da Grand Vizier, da kuma binciken kansa na gawar ɗan'uwansa, don sa Ibrahim ya yarda da kursiyin.
Shekaru na farko a matsayin sultan[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A farkon shekarun mulkin Ibrahim, ya janye daga siyasa kuma ya juya zuwa ga mazajensa don ta'aziyya da jin daɗi. A lokacin mulkinsa, matan sun sami sabbin matakan alatu a cikin turare, masana'antu da kayan ado. Ƙaunarsa ga mata da fata ya kai shi ga samun ɗaki gaba ɗaya da aka haɗa da lynx da sable. Saboda sha'awarsa da fata, Faransanci sun kira shi "Le Fou de Fourrures". Kösem Sultan ta ci gaba da kula da ɗanta ta hanyar samar masa da budurwa da ta saya daga kasuwar bayi, da kuma mata masu kiba, waɗanda yake marmarin su.
Demetrius Cantemir ya ba da labarin mulkinsa. Ya rubuta game da Ibrahim:
"As Murat was wholly addicted to wine, so was Ibrahim to lust. They say he spent all his time in sensual pleasure and when nature was exhausted with the frequent repetition of venereal delights he endeavoured to restore it with potions or commanded a beautiful virgin richly habited to be brought to him by his mother, the Grand Vezir, or some other great man. He covered the walls of his chamber with looking glasses so that his love battles might seem to be enacted in several places at once. He ordered his pillows to be stuffed with rich furs so that the bed designed for the Imperial pleasure might be the more precious. Nay, he put sable skins under him in a notion that his lust might be flamed if his love toil were rendered more difficult by the glowing of his knees."[6]
Kara Mustafa Pasha ya kasance a matsayin Babban Vizier a cikin shekaru hudu na farko na mulkin Ibrahim, yana kiyaye Daular. Tare da yarjejeniyar Szön (15 Maris 1642) ya sabunta zaman lafiya tare da Austria kuma a wannan shekarar ya dawo da Azov daga Cossacks. Kara Mustafa kuma ta daidaita kuɗin tare da sake fasalin tsabar kudi, ta nemi daidaita tattalin arziki tare da sabon binciken ƙasa, ta rage yawan Janissaries, ta cire mambobin da ba su ba da gudummawa daga biyan kuɗi na jihar, kuma ta hana ikon gwamnonin larduna marasa biyayya. A cikin waɗannan shekarun, Ibrahim ya nuna damuwa game da mulkin mallaka yadda ya kamata, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin rubutun hannu tare da Grand Vizier. Kara Mustafa ta rubuta wani labari game da harkokin jama'a don horar da maigidansa mara ƙwarewa. Amsoshin Ibrahim ga rahotanni na Kara Mustafa sun nuna cewa ya sami ilimi mai kyau. Ibrahim sau da yawa yana tafiya a cikin ɓoye, yana bincika kasuwanni na Istanbul kuma yana umarni ga Grand Vizier ya gyara duk wata matsala da ya lura.[7]
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ Singh, Nagendra Kr (2000). International encyclopaedia of Islamic dynasties. Anmol Publications PVT. pp. 423–424. ISBN 81-261-0403-1.
Kosem Walide or Kosem Sultan, called Mahpaykar (ca. 1589-1651), wife of the Ottoman Sultan Ahmad I and mother of the sultans Murad IV and Ibrahim [q.vv.]. She was Greek by birth, and achieved power in the first place through the harem, exercising a decisive influence in the state
- ↑ Sonyel, Salâhi Ramadan (1993). Minorities and the destruction of the Ottoman Empire. Turkish Historical Society Printing House. p. 61. ISBN 975-16-0544-X.
Many of these ladies of the harem were non-Muslim, for example Sultana Kosem (Anastasia), of Greek origin, who was the wife of Ahmet I (1603-17), and the mother of Murat IV (1623-40), and of Ibrahim (1640-8)
- ↑ al-Ayvansarayî, Hafiz Hüseyin; Crane, Howard (2000). The garden of the mosques : Hafiz Hüseyin al-Ayvansarayî's guide to the Muslim monuments of Ottoman Istanbul. Brill. p. 21. ISBN 90-04-11242-1.
Kosem Valide Mahpeyker, known also simply as Kosem Sultan (c. 1589-1651), consort of Sultan Ahmed I and mother of Murad IV and Ibrahim. Greek by birth, she exercised a decisive influence in the Ottoman state
- ↑ John Freely, Inside the Seraglio: private lives of the sultans in Istanbul (2000) p. 145. online
- ↑ Rank, 2020 ch 4. online
- ↑ Freely, John (2001). Inside the Seraglio: Private Lives of the Sultans in Istanbul. Tauris Parke Paperbacks. p. 151. ISBN 978-1784535353.
- ↑ Börekçi, Günhan. "Ibrahim I." Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. Ed. Gábor Ágoston and Bruce Masters. New York: Facts on File, 2009. p.263.
Ƙarin karantawa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- Rukunin, Scott. Tarihi 9 Mafi Wauta Shugabannin (2020) ch 4.
Haɗin waje[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Media related to Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire at Wikimedia Commons
Ibrahim na Daular Usmaniyya Born: 5 November 1615 Died: 18 August 1648
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| Magabata {{{before}}} |
Sultan of the Ottoman Empire | Magaji {{{after}}} |