Kula da muhalli
 Kula da muhalli | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
monitoring (en)  |
| Bangare na |
environmental assessment and monitoring (en) |
Kula da muhalli, yana bayyana matakai da ayyukan da ake buƙatar aiwatarwa dan tsafta da kula da ingancin muhalli.
Ana amfani da sa ido kan muhalli a cikin shirye-shiryen kimanta tasirin muhalli, da kuma a cikin yanayi da yawa waɗanda ayyukan ɗan adam ke ɗaukar haɗarin cutarwa ga yanayin yanayi.
Duk dabarun sa ido da shirye-shirye suna da dalilai da dalilai waɗanda galibi ana ƙirƙira su dan tabbatar da matsayin muhalli na yanzu ko don kafa yanayi a cikin sigogin muhalli. A kowane hali, za a sake duba sakamakon sa ido, a yi nazarin ƙididdiga, kuma a buga. Don haka dole ne tsare tsare sa ido ya kasance da la'akari da amfanin ƙarshe na bayanan kafin a fara sa ido.
Kula da muhalli ya haɗa da lura da ingancin iska, ƙasa da ingancin ruwa.
Kula da ingancin iska.
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Gurbacewar iska abubuwa ne na yanayi-dukansu na faruwa a zahiri da kuma anthropogenic -wanda zai iya yin tasiri mara kyau ga muhalli da lafiyar kwayoyin halitta Tare da haɓaka sabbin sinadarai da hanyoyin masana'antu sun zo gabatarwa ko haɓaka abubuwan gurɓatawa a cikin yanayi, gami da bincike da ƙa'idodi na muhalli, haɓaka buƙatar sa ido kan ingancin iska.[1]
Kula da ingancin iska yana da ƙalubale don aiwatarwa saboda yana buƙatar ingantaccen haɗin kai na tushen bayanan muhalli da yawa, waɗanda galibi sukan samo asali ne daga cibiyoyin sadarwa da cibiyoyin muhalli daban-daban.[2] Waɗannan ƙalubalen suna buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman da kayan aiki don kafa ƙididdiga masu gurɓatacciyar iska, gami da cibiyoyin sadarwa na firikwensin, tsarin bayanan ƙasa (GIS), da Sabis na Kulawa na Sensor (SOS), sabis na gidan yanar gizo don neman bayanan firikwensin ainihin lokaci. [2] Samfuran tarwatsawar iska waɗanda ke haɗa bayanan yanayi, hayaƙi, da bayanan yanayi don hasashen yawan gurɓataccen iska suna yawan taimakawa wajen fassara bayanan sa ido na iska. Bugu da ƙari, yin la'akari da bayanan anemometer a cikin yanki tsakanin tushe da mai duba sau da yawa yana ba da haske game da tushen gurɓataccen iska da na'urar duba gurɓataccen iska ta rubuta.
Masu lura da ingancin iska suna aiki da ƴan ƙasa,[3][4][5]hukumomin da suka dace,[6][7] and researchers[8] da masu bincike don bincika ingancin iska da illolin gurɓataccen iska. Fassarar bayanan sa ido na yanayi sau da yawa ya haɗa da la'akari da sararin samaniya da wakilci na lokaci[9] na bayanan da aka tattara, da kuma tasirin lafiyar da ke tattare da fallasa ga matakan da aka sa ido.[10] Idan fassarar ta bayyana adadin mahaɗan sinadarai da yawa, wani “hoton yatsa na sinadarai” na musamman na wani tushen gurɓataccen iska na iya fitowa daga nazarin bayanan.
Duba kuma.
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Konewar noma.
- Sharar gida.
- Kula da Dimbin Halittu Switzerland.
- Kulawar Carbon.
- Bayanin Carbon.
- Kimiyyar ɗan ƙasa, ayyukan bincike waɗanda ba masana kimiyya ba zasu iya shiga ciki.
- Taswirar jama'a.
- Fasahar muhalli
- Jakar Kama Project.
- Unmanned aerial vehicle § Aikace-aikace : Za a iya amfani da jirage marasa matuki don nau'ikan kulawa da muhalli iri-iri.
Manazarta.
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Forbes, P.B.C. (2015). "Chapter 1: Perspectives on the Monitoring of Air Pollutants". In Barcelo, D. (ed.). Monitoring of Air Pollutants: Sampling, Sample Preparation and Analytical Techniques. Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry. 70. Elsevier. pp. 3–9. ISBN 9780444635532. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Rada, E.C.; Ragazzi, M.; Brini, M.; et al. (2016). "Chapter 1: Perspectives of Low-Cost Sensors Adoption for Air Quality Monitoring". In Ragazzi, M. (ed.). Air Quality: Monitoring, Measuring, and Modeling Environmental Hazards. CRC Press. ISBN 9781315341859. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
- ↑ Williams, R.; Kilaru, V.; Snyder, E.; et al. (June 2014). "Air Sensor Guidebook" (PDF). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. p. 65. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
- ↑ "GO3 Project". GO3 Foundation. Archived from the original on 29 May 2018. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
- ↑ "Louisiana Bucket Brigade". Louisiana Bucket Brigade. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
- ↑ "List of Designated Reference and Equivalent Methods" (PDF). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 17 December 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
- ↑ Environmental Protection Agency (Ireland) (2017). National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Programme 2017–2022. Environmental Protection Agency (Ireland). p. 30. ISBN 9781840957501. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
- ↑ "AS&T Journal". American Association for Aerosol Research. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
- ↑ Righini, G.; Cappalletti, A.; Cionno, I.; et al. (April 2013). "Methodologies for the evaluation of spatial representativeness of air quality monitoring stations in Italy". ENEA. Archived from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2018.
- ↑ "National Ambient Air Quality Standards". U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Archived from the original on 10 December 2010. Retrieved 31 May 2018.