Madison Belmont Building
| Madison Belmont Building | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Wuri | |
| Ƴantacciyar ƙasa | Tarayyar Amurka |
| Jihar Tarayyar Amurika | New York |
City in the United States (en)  | New York |
| Borough of New York City (en) | Manhattan (mul) |
| Coordinates | 40°44′51″N 73°58′58″W / 40.7475°N 73.9828°W |
 | |
| History and use | |
| Opening | 15 Oktoba 1925 |
| Karatun Gine-gine | |
| Zanen gini |
Warren and Wetmore (en) |
| Material(s) |
brick (en) , karfe da architectural terracotta (en) |
| Style (en) |
Neoclassical architecture (en) |
| Tsawo | 228 ft |
| Floors | 18 |
| Heritage | |
| Contact | |
| Address | 183 Madison Avenue |
|
| |
Ginin Madison Belmont, wanda kuma aka sani da 183 Madison Avenue, ginin kasuwanci ne a kusurwar kudu maso gabas na Madison Avenue da titin 34th a Murray Hill, Manhattan, New York. Warren & Wetmore ne suka tsara shi a cikin salon Neoclassical kuma an gina shi a cikin 1924-1925. Ginin Madison Belmont yana da tsarin "matsayi" wanda ya bambanta daga sauran kwamitocin Warren & Wetmore, yana haɗa abubuwa na salon Neoclassical da ƙarin tasirin zamani daga salon Art Deco .
183 Madison Avenue's articulation ya ƙunshi sassa a kwance guda uku kama da abubuwan ginshiƙai, wato tushe, shaft, da babban birni . Tushen, wanda ya ƙunshi mafi ƙasƙanci labarai guda uku na facade, ya ƙunshi firam ɗin nunin ƙarfe-da-tagulla, grilles, da kofofin da Edgar Brandt ya tsara. Wurin yana ƙunshe da ramukan bulo, a tsakanin su akwai ƙofofin da ba a kwance ba waɗanda ke ɗauke da tagogi da kuma spandrels . Labarun na sama sun ƙunshi kayan ado na terracotta na gine-gine da babban cornice. An gama ginin falon da tagulla da marmara, kuma ya ƙunshi rufin rufi .
An gina 183 Madison Avenue a matsayin ginin gidan nuni ga wani kamfani mai ci gaba mai suna Merchants & Manufacturers Exchange na New York. Asalinsa ya tanadi dakunan nuni ga kamfanonin siliki a cikin "Lardin Siliki" na Manhattan. A cikin 2011, waje na ginin da na bene na farko an sanya birnin New York ya zama alamun ƙasa .
Shafin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]183 Madison Avenue yana cikin Murray Hill, Manhattan, a kusurwar kudu maso gabas na Madison Avenue da 34th Street . [1] Ginin yana da siffa kamar "L", yana tafiyar 49.4 feet (15.1 m) tare da Madison Avenue zuwa yamma da 153.2 feet (46.7 m) Titin 34 zuwa arewa. Wani sashe ya shimfiɗa kudu zuwa titin 33rd, inda yake da gaban gaba mai auna 24.6 feet (7.5 m) . Adireshin sa na hukuma shine 181-183 Madison Avenue, kodayake ginin yana ɗauke da adiresoshin madadin 31 East 33rd Street da 44–46 Gabas 34th Street. [2] Tsarin da ke kusa sun haɗa da Grolier Club da 2 Park Avenue zuwa kudu, da kuma Ƙungiyar Masu Tara na New York da B. Altman da Ginin Kamfani zuwa arewa. [1]
Gine-gine
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]183 Madison Avenue Warren da Wetmore ne suka tsara su a cikin salo na zamani. [3] [4] Ƙofofin da kayan ado na ƙarfe a tushe, da kuma aikin ƙarfe a cikin ɗakin, Edgar Brandt, ma'aikacin ƙarfe na Faransa ne ya tsara shi. [5] [6] [7] Ginin yana 228 feet (69 m) tsayi, kuma an gina shi da labarai 17. An gina ƙarin bene akan rufin don kayan aikin injiniya da sararin kasuwanci a cikin 1953. [8] 183 Madison Avenue ya ƙunshi 233,484 square feet (21,691.4 m2) tare da raka'a kasuwanci 30.
An bambanta ƙirar da kwamitocin Warren da Wetmore na baya, waɗanda suka haɗa da Babban Babban Tashar Tashar Tasha da kuma tsarin kewaye. Tsarin 183 Madison Avenue kuma ya haɗa da ƙarin tasirin zamani a cikin salon Art Deco, wanda ya fara zama sananne lokacin da aka kammala ginin. [4] Baya ga bulo da terracotta na gine-gine, ginin ya yi amfani 60 short tons (54 long tons; 54 t) irin. [9] Ƙirar ƙasa ta Brandt na ɗaya daga cikin farkon amfani da Art Deco a cikin wani gini a Amurka. [10] A cikin 1925, Mujallar Studio ta kasa da kasa ta bayyana manyan ƙofofin shiga da cewa ana ɗauke da ita zuwa ƙarfin nth na kamala.
Facade
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Maganar facade ta ƙunshi sassa uku a kwance daidai da abubuwan da ke cikin ginshiƙi, wato tushe, shaft, da babban birni . Yayin da aka yi facade galibi da tubali, an kuma yi amfani da sassaƙaƙen terracotta motifs wanda Kamfanin Terra Cotta na New York Architectural ya tsara . Tushen da aka yi amfani da shi akan Ginin Madison Belmont ya fi lallausan ƙira kuma ya fi sauƙi a ƙira fiye da na sauran sifofin Warren da Wetmore. [4]
Tushen yana da hawa uku. A kan titin Madison da titin 34th, ginin yana lulluɓe kusan gaba ɗaya tare da manyan tagogi masu nuni da aka saita tsakanin ginshiƙan dutsen, waɗanda suke faɗin ninki biyu kamar bays na sama. An saita tagogin a cikin firam ɗin tagulla masu zinari, kuma a ƙasan tagogin bene na farko, akwai nau'ikan ƙarfe na geometrically. [11] Ƙarshen gabas na facade na titin 34 ya ƙunshi babban ƙofar ginin; akwai kuma ƙofar nuni a kan titin Madison da ƙofar sabis a titin 33rd. [10] Ƙofofin shiga na Art Deco da aka yi wa wahayi an yi musu ado da ganye da furanni na fure. [9] [10] A sama akwai transoms masu baƙar fata-da-zinariya masu kama da daskararrun maɓuɓɓugan ruwa. [9] [10] Ƙofofin shiga a kan titin Madison da titin 34th suna da ɗan bayyani daban-daban amma suna da nau'ikan furanni iri ɗaya. [9] A kan titin 33rd, buɗewar bene na farko ƙofar sabis na karfe ne yayin da labari na biyu ya ƙunshi ƙoƙon iska. Labari na uku da na huɗu a kan titin 33rd suna ɗauke da manyan tagogi masu jajayen firam ɗin, tare da filayen ƙarfe a ƙarƙashin tagogin, da ƙaramin cornice a saman bene na huɗu. [10]
Shagon, wanda ya ƙunshi labarai na huɗu zuwa na goma sha biyar, ya haɗa da ci gaba da ramukan tsaye da aka yi da bulo. Madogaran suna raba facade zuwa ƴan ƴan ƴan ɗigon ruwa, waɗanda ke ɗauke da tagar da ba a rufe ba a kowane bene. An kewaye tagogin da jajayen firam ɗin ƙarfe, kuma buɗewar taga a kowane bene an raba su da spandrels da aka yi da bulo mai launuka iri-iri. A kan titin 34th da Madison Avenue, tagogin bene na huɗu suna gefen gefen terracotta kuma an girbe su ta terracotta pediments . [4] A kan titin 33rd, ba a yi wa tagogi ko gyara ba, kuma akwai kwas ɗin bandeji a sama da hawa na goma. Gefen titin 33rd an saita baya sama da bene na sha ɗaya. [10]
Sama da labari na goma sha biyar akwai babban ƙwanƙolin terracotta da ƙarin labarai uku da aka saita baya daga kowane bangare. Labari na goma sha shida da na sha bakwai sun ƙunshi kayan ado na terracotta, kuma sassan tsakiyar su an saita baya kadan fiye da sassan waje. Labari na sha takwas ya koma baya kuma ba a yi masa ado ba. [10]
Lobby
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Babban falon yana gudana zuwa kudu daga ƙofar titin 34th, yana kaiwa zuwa wani katafaren falon da ke haɗawa da harabar zauren rectangular. Bi da bi, harabar harabar tana haɗuwa da lif na ginin da dakunan nuni. Ba kamar sauran wuraren lif a gine-ginen New York City na zamani ba, harabar ginin Madison Belmont ba ya ƙunshi shaguna ko wuraren taimako; kawai yana da tebur na tsaro, gidan haya mai haske na tagulla, da kofofin lif. [12] An ƙawata falon sosai da tagulla da marmara. [13] Christopher Gray na The New York Times ya rubuta cewa zauren gidan "yana sanya sauran Midtown <span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwng">[</span> Manhattan <span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwnw">]</span> lobbies kunya". [5]
An ƙera zauren zauren tare da wasu abubuwa na tsohuwar al'adun Masarawa, Girkanci, da na Romawa. Wadannan hotunan sun hada da tarihin Girkanci na Leda da Swan, da kuma ƙididdiga masu ban mamaki irin su Mercury, allahn Roman na kasuwanci da tafiya. An lullube bangon da marmara masu launi da yawa da aka saita a cikin firam ɗin tagulla, wanda kuma ya ƙunshi abubuwan Masarawa kamar ganyen magarya da sphinxes saman bangon falon yana dawafi da ƙoƙon ƙarfe wanda ke ƙunshe da gilashin gilashin gilashi da kayan ado na arabesque. A gefen kudancin falon akwai kofofin lif na tagulla guda huɗu. [13]
An yi benen da tayal terrazzo. Ƙwayoyin da aka yi da tagulla, wasu daga cikinsu suna ɗauke da abubuwan da suka shafi samar da siliki da sufuri, sun raba rufin da aka kwaɓe zuwa sassa da yawa. Fuskoki masu haske tare da stencil na dabbobin tatsuniyoyi suna gudana a gefen rufin, kuma fitilu kuma suna rataye daga tsakiyar rufin. Sauran abubuwa a harabar gidan, kamar akwatin wasiku da akwatin ƙararrawa na wuta, suma sun ƙunshi kayan ado na tagulla. [13]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gundumar Siliki ta Manhattan, wacce ta maida hankali a kusa da ƙananan sashin Park Avenue South a cikin karni na 19, ta koma arewa zuwa mahadar Madison Avenue da titin 34th a farkon 1920s. [14] A wannan lokacin, manyan wuraren zama waɗanda ke da alaƙa da yanki na Madison Avenue a cikin ƙarni na 19 ana maye gurbinsu da wuraren sayar da kayayyaki. Uku daga cikin filaye da suka samar da 183 Madison Avenue's site August Belmont Jr. sun kasance suna gudanar da su har zuwa 1915. [15] Ginin Madison Belmont, tare da wani tsari mai hawa 16 a kusurwar kudu maso yammacin Madison Avenue da titin 34th, shine za su zama ginshikin gundumar siliki da aka koma. [14] [16]
Gina
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ginin Madison Belmont Robert M. Catts, mai haɓaka gidaje ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Canjin Kasuwanci da Masana'antu na shugaban New York. Catts sun sayi filaye da yawa don ginin a cikin Fabrairu 1924, gami da wani fili a kan titin 33rd da filaye na kusurwar kudu maso gabas a Madison Avenue da 34th Street. A halin yanzu, Catts sun hayar Warren & Wetmore don tsara tsari mai hawa 17 ga masu haya a cikin masana'antar siliki. William A. White da Sons sun shirya jinginar gidan yanar gizon $825,000 a watan Yuni 1924.
A cikin Mayu 1924, masana'antun siliki Cheney Brothers [lower-alpha 1] sun yi hayar mafi ƙanƙanta tatsuniyoyi da bene na shekaru 21. Cheney Brothers sun hayar Brandt don tsara aikin ƙarfe na ado saboda Brandt ya riga ya haɗa da kamfanin. [9] [18] Daraktan fasaha na kamfanin Henry Creange ya saba da Brandt ta hanyar nune-nunen nune-nune da yawa a farkon shekarun 1920, kuma Cheney ya sake yin zane-zane da yawa na Brandt a siliki. [7] [19] Ginin Madison Belmont ya buɗe ranar 15 ga Oktoba, 1925. [20] Architect Harvey Wiley Corbett ne suka kula da bikin, yayin da sakataren kasuwanci Herbert Hoover, masanin ilmin kasa Henry Fairfield Osborn, da kayan ado Louis Comfort Tiffany, da ministan kasuwanci na Faransa na cikin wadanda suka aika da telegram don murnar bude dakin baje kolin Cheney a cikin ginin. [9] Dakin nunin Cheney ya mamaye sararin kusurwa a titin 34th da Madison Avenue daga hawa na farko zuwa hawa na uku. [21]
Amfani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Catts ya shiga fatara ta 1927. Kamfanin Inshorar Rayuwa na Metropolitan ya sanya sabon jinginar farko na $2 miliyan akan Ginin Madison Belmont a 1930. A lokacin, ginin yana da lissafin haya na $475,000 kuma an yi hayar kashi 95%. An sanya jinginar gida na biyu na $150,000 akan ginin a shekara mai zuwa. Cheney Brothers, a halin yanzu, ya fuskanci matsalolin kuɗi a ƙarshen 1920s da farkon 1930s saboda canje-canjen tattalin arziki da masana'antar siliki, kuma a cikin 1935, an sake tsara kasuwancin. [22] Lokacin da Cheney ya sake tsarawa, wani alkali na tarayya a Kotun Lardi na Amurka na Gundumar Connecticut ya yanke hukuncin cewa hayar Cheney na $155,000 na shekara-shekara a Ginin Madison Belmont ya yi yawa.
A tsakiyar karni na 20, an ba da hayar benaye na sama ga masu haya kamar wallafe-wallafen Gudanarwa, wanda ya buga mujallar <i id="mw-A">Esquire</i>, da kuma Kamfanin Buga Blue, wanda ke da injin buga hoto a cikin ginin. Kamfanin Madison Belmont ya canza sunan ginin Madison Belmont zuwa Kamfanin Titin Madison-Tirty-Fourth a cikin 1942 akan $40,000. An ƙara bene na inji a cikin ginin a cikin 1953. [8] 183 Madison Avenue ya kasance mallakar ɗan kasuwa ɗan Burtaniya Paul Kemsley, wanda ya rasa ikon ginin a shekara ta 2010. A lokacin, masu hayar ta galibi kamfanoni ne na kayan sawa.
Hukumar Kula da Alamar Birni ta New York ta ayyana facade da falon ciki a matsayin manyan wuraren tarihi na birnin New York a ranar 20 ga Satumba, 2011. Kamfanin hadin gwiwa wanda ya kunshi Tishman Speyer da The Cogswell-Lee Development Group ne suka sayi ginin a shekarar 2014, akan kudi dala 185. miliyan. A lokacin, an yi hayar kashi 95% na sarari a cikin ginin. An sake siyar da ginin zuwa Kayayyakin APF a cikin 2018 akan $222.5 miliyan. Masu haya na farkon karni na 21 na 183 Madison Avenue sun haɗa da kamfanin lauya, kamfanin sauti, kamfanin gine-gine, da kamfanin talla, da kuma kamfanin haɗin gwiwar WeWork .
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Art Deco gine na New York City
- Jerin Alamomin Birnin New York da aka keɓance a Manhattan daga Tituna na 14 zuwa 59
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedNYCityMap - ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 2011
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedEmporis - ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Landmarks Preservation Commission 2011
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namednyt20100415 - ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission Interior 2011
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Robins 2017
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Landmarks Preservation Commission 2011
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 Robins 2017
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 Landmarks Preservation Commission 2011
- ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 2011
- ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission Interior 2011
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Landmarks Preservation Commission Interior 2011
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 Landmarks Preservation Commission 2011
- ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 2011
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namednyt19241123 - ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 2011, p. 4.
- ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 2011
- ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 2011
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namednyt19251015 - ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission Interior 2011
- ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 2011
Bayanan kula
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Cheney Brothers, co-founded by Ward Cheney, is the namesake of the Cheney Brothers Historic District in Manchester, Connecticut.[17]