Yun Daiying

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Samfuri:ChineseYun Daiying (Agusta 12, 1895 – 29 ga Afrilu, 1931) ya kasance farkon shugaban Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta China .

Rayuwar farko

A shekarar dubu daya da dari tara da sha uku 1913, Yun Daiying ya shiga jami'ar Zhonghua mai zaman kanta da ke Wuchang, kuma bayan kammala karatunsa a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da sha takwas 1918, ya zauna a matsayin malami. A cikin shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da sha tara 1919, ya shiga cikin motsi na huɗu na Mayu a Wuhan . A shekarar dubu daya da dari tara da ashirin 1920, ya kafa kungiyar matasan gurguzu ta kasar Sin tare da Xiao Chunü da sauransu, kuma a shekarar dubu daya da dari tara da ashirin da daya 1921, ya shiga jam'iyyar kwaminis ta kasar Sin a matsayin daya daga cikin rukunin farko na mambobin jam'iyyar. A shekarar 1923, ya zama malami a jami'ar Shanghai . A birnin Shanghai, ya zama shugaban kungiyar matasan kwaminis ta kasar Sin kuma babban editan matasan kasar Sin na zamani daga 1925-1927.

Aikin siyasa

A cikin 1924, ya shiga ƙarƙashin umarnin Kuomintang ( Farkon United United Front ), yana haɓaka haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Jam'iyyar Kwaminis da Kuomintang. A cikin 1925, ya jagoranci motsi na talatin na Mayu a Shanghai. Ya tafi Kwalejin Soja ta Whampoa da ke Canton a 1926, inda ya zama malamin soja a sashen siyasa, yana taimakawa aikin Zhou Enlai . A cikin balaguron Arewacin Yuli, ya zauna a Canton. A watan Satumba bayan da sojojin balaguro na Arewa suka 'yantar da Wuhan, ya tafi Wuhan don zama babban malamin soja na Kwalejin Sojojin Jamhuriyar China . Bayan da Chiang Kai-shek da Wang Jingwei suka kaddamar da shirin kawar da 'yan gurguzu a jere a watan Afrilu da Yuli na 1927, an tura shi Jiujiang, inda ya taimaka wajen shirya tashin Nanchang .

A karshen shekarar 1927, ya jagoranci tayar da zaune tsaye na Guangzhou kuma aka nada shi babban sakataren gwamnatin Canton Soviet. Bayan gazawar ta, ya fara tserewa zuwa Hong Kong daga baya zuwa Shanghai. A ƙarshen 1928, ya fara jagorantar aikin furofaganda na jam'iyyar kwaminis, yana ƙirƙirar Red Flag . A watan Yuni na shekarar 1929, an zabe shi a matsayin mamba na kwamitin tsakiya a babban zama na 2 na babban kwamitin 6 na jam'iyyar kwaminis ta kasar Sin . Saboda adawarsa ga kurakuran hagu a cikin jam'iyyar, an rage masa matsayi kuma an nada shi sakataren majalisar jam'iyyar kwaminis ta gundumar Shanghai Ludong.

Kisa

A ranar 6 ga Mayu, 1930, an kama shi kuma aka tsare shi a Shanghai, daga baya a watan Fabrairu 1931, an tsare shi a Nanjing . Da farko, bai bayyana sunansa ba. Dama kafin a cece shi daga kurkuku, Gu Shunzhang ya gane shi kuma ya ci amanar sa. Bayan mutanen Chiang Kai-shek sun kasa lallashi ko tilasta mika wuya, Chiang ya ba da umarnin kashe shi a ranar 29 ga Afrilu.

Kafin mutuwarsa, Yun Daiying ya rubuta waka a gidan yari na shahadar:

Bayan na yi yawo da nisa, na tuno tsoffin abokan tafiyata,

Tsoffin abokai ba sa mutuwa ko da kuwa rayuwa ce ko mutuwa, Na yi watsi da asarar mutum, na gan ta da sakaci,

Kiyaye jarumta ta lanƙwasa duk da cewa tana zaman fursuna.

Mutum -mutumi

An gina mutum -mutuminsa a Jami'ar Al'adu ta Tsakiya ta Tsakiya .

Nassoshi

 

• Littafin tarihin Yun Daiying, Beijing: Makarantar Makarantar Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Tsakiya, 1981 (Sinanci)
• Tarihin Yun Daiying, Wuhan: Huazhong Normal University Press, 2006 (Sinanci)
• Laburaren Markisanci na kasar Sin: Yun Daiying