Wayewa

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Wayewa
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na society (en) Fassara
Facet of (en) Fassara humanity (en) Fassara
Has characteristic (en) Fassara technological state of a civilization (en) Fassara
Hannun riga da primitive culture (en) Fassara
Tsoffin Sumeriyawa na Mesofotamiya su ne wayewa mafi tsufa a duniya, tun daga kusan 4000 KZ.
Tsohuwar Masar ta ba da misali na al'adun farko da ake la'akari da wayewa.

Wayewa (ko wayewa ) ita ce yanayi da kowace sarƙaƙƙiya al'umma ke da samun cigaban ƙasa ta fuskar, zamantakewar al'umma, ƙayyadaddun birni, da tsarin sadarwa fiye da harshen magana na gargajiya (wato tsarin rubutu ).Kuma Wayewa na nufin wata sabuwar hanyar rayuwa wadda ta shigo masu a zamanance.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]

Wayewa na da alaƙa da wasu sharudda kamar haɓakawa, kula da nau'ikan tsirrai da kuma dabbobi na gida (ciki har da mutane), ƙwarewa na aiki, akidun ci gaba da imani, gine -ginen wuraren tarihi, haraji, dogaro da al'umma akan noma, da faɗaɗawa.[2]

A tarihi, ana fahimtar wayewa sau da yawa a matsayin al'ada mafi girma kuma "mafi ci gaba", a ma'anar suna da bambanci da ƙananan al'adu, da ake zaton basu cigaba ba. A cikin wannan ma'ana mai faɗi, wayewa ta bambanta da al'ummomin ƙabilanci waɗanda ba su da tushe, gami da al'adun makiyaya makiyaya, ƙungiyoyin Neolithic ko mafarauta ; duk da haka, wani lokacin kuma ya bambanta da al'adun da aka samu a cikin wayewar kansu. Wayewa an shirya matsugunan jama'a da suka kasu kashi-kashi na tsarin zamantakewa tare da jiga-jigan al'umma masu mulki da mazauna birni da karkara, wadanda ke gudanar da aikin noma, hakar ma'adinai, kananan masana'antu da kasuwanci . Wayewa tana mai da hankali kan iko, tana shimfida ikon ɗan adam akan sauran yanayi, gami da sauran mutane. [9]

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. Adams, Robert McCormick (1966). The Evolution of Urban Society. Transaction Publishers. p. 13. ISBN 9780202365947. Archived from the original on 30 December 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Haviland, William; et al. (2013). Cultural Anthropology: The Human Challenge. Cengage Learning. p. 250. ISBN 978-1285675305. Archived from the original on 13 July 2019. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  3. Wright, Ronald (2004). A Short History anthropological. ISBN 9780887847066.
  4. Llobera, Josep (2003). An Invitation to Anthropology. Berghahn Books. pp. 136–137. ISBN 9781571815972. Archived from the original on 30 December 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  5. Fernández-Armesto, Felipe (2001). Civilizations: Culture, Ambition, and the Transformation of Nature. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 9780743216500. Archived from the original on 1 April 2021. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  6. Boyden, Stephen Vickers (2004). The Biology of Civilisation. UNSW Press. pp. 7–8. ISBN 9780868407661. Archived from the original on 30 December 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  7. Solms-Laubach, Franz (2007). Nietzsche and Early German and Austrian Sociology. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 115, 117, and 212. ISBN 9783110181098. Archived from the original on 30 December 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  8. AbdelRahim, Layla (2015). Children's literature, domestication and social foundation : narratives of civilization and wilderness. New York. p. 8. ISBN 9780415661102. OCLC 897810261.
  9. Empty citation (help)