Abdullahi Mohammad Ahmad Hassan

 

Abdullahi Mohammad Ahmad Hassan ( Larabci: عبد الله محمد أحمد حسن‎ </link> ;an haife shi a watan Janairu shekarata alif 1928 -zuwa ranar 22 ga watan Yuni shekarata 2022) dan siyasan Sudan ne kuma dan majalisa ne, ministan gwamnati kuma jami'in diflomasiyya.

Tarihin Rayuwa

An haifi Abdullahi Mohammad Ahmad Hassan a shekarar ta alif dari tara da ashirin da takwas 1928 a garin Barah da ke jihar Kurdufan ta Arewa a kasar Sudan. Daga baya danginsa suka kaura suka zauna a Al-Ubayyid . Tun yana karami aka tura shi makarantar kur'ani ( Bayan haka ne ya bi tsarin ilimin Burtaniya wajen aiwatar da shi a lokacin. A cikin 1947 ya shiga sabuwar makarantar sakandare ta Hantoub.  sannan ya ci gaba da karatu a kuma kammala karatunsa a watan Mayun 1955 a Faculty of Arts a Kwalejin Jami'ar Khartoum.

Bayan kammala karatunsa an sanya shi malamin tarihi a garin Tonj da ke kudancin Sudan. A watan Agusta 1955 aka sake sanya shi a matsayin malamin tarihi a makarantar sakandare ta Khur Taqatt ( 'Yan makonni kadan kafin tashin farko na kungiyar Anyanya a Kudu. A watan Agustan 1958 ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa na malami ya koma Khartoum inda ya fara kasuwanci a tallace-tallacen kasuwanci da nazarin yiwuwar aiki. A wannan lokacin kuma ya gudanar da wasu ayyukan jarida a manyan jaridu guda biyu a lokacin ( Al-Umma da Al-Nile ). A shekara ta 1958 ya yi adawa da sabuwar gwamnatin soja ta Janar Aboud wanda ya kwace mulki a wani juyin mulki. Sabuwar gwamnati a Khartoum ta tsoratar da shi a siyasance kuma ya sha wahala a sakamakon sabon kasuwancinsa. Wata dama ta samu a shekarar 1959 a lokacin da wani kwamiti na gida daga Al-Ubayyid ya tuntube shi yana bukace shi da ya kafa da gudanar da makarantar matsakaita. Ya koma Al-Ubayyid ya kafa makarantar Kurdufan Ahliya Intermediate School (  kuma ya tafiyar da ita a matsayin shugabanta. A 1961 Alsayeed Sidique Abdulrahman Almahadi ne ya tuntube shi domin ya dauki nauyin gudanar da makarantar Almahadi Intermediate School for Girls ( in Omdurman . A wannan shekarar ne ya dauki nauyin makarantar ya kuma yi mata garambawul har ya zama daya daga cikin makarantun da ake nema ruwa a jallo a garin. Ya yi murabus daga makarantar a shekarar 1963 saboda takun-saka da shugaban hukumar makarantar kan yadda hukumar ta fitar da kudaden kudi da kuma tsauraran dokokinsa. Bayan ya yi murabus ya yi aiki da Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka har zuwa 1964 a matsayin babban mai fassara.

Daga baya Hassan ya zabi tafiya kasar Ingila inda ya zama mai lura da siyasa, manazarci, malami, marubuci kuma marubuci. Daga baya ya zauna a Landan amma sau da yawa ya zauna a Sudan. Ya mutu a Burtaniya a ranar 22 ga Yuni 2022, yana da shekaru 94.

Sana'ar siyasa

Abdullahi ya taso ne a kasar Sudan wadda take karkashin mulkin daular Biritaniya tun yana karami ya shiga ra'ayin samarin da mamayar ta bata rai, yana kira da a janye turawan Ingila daga Sudan . Babikir Karrar Al-Nour (1949)  , Mohammad Yousif Mohammad (  Mohammad Mohammad Ali (  , Adam Fadl-Allah and Yousif Hassan Said ( ya kafa kungiyar 'yantar da 'yanci ta Musulunci. a Jami'ar Khartoum . Manufar wannan yunkuri dai ita ce ‘yantar da kasar Sudan daga hannun turawan Ingila da kuma kafa daular Musulunci a kasar. Babikr Karar Al-Nour tsohon dalibi ne kuma kwararre kuma shahararriyar dalibi a makarantar sakandare ta Hantoob. Bayan kafa wannan yunkuri, kuma a cikin watan Yuni 1949, Karrar ya ziyarci makarantar sakandare ta Hantoob don yin bayyani ga mambobin kungiyarsa. Abdullahi yana daya daga cikin dalibai 30 da suka shiga harkar a wannan rana.

Kafin kafa Harkar 'yantar da 'yanci ta Musulunci, jam'iyyar gurguzu ta yi kaurin suna a kan kungiyar dalibai a jami'a da kuma tsakanin makarantun sakandare a Sudan. Abdullahi ya shiga jami'a a shekarar 1951, a shekarar 1952 kungiyar 'yantar da 'yanci ta Musulunci ta lashe zaben kungiyar dalibai. Abdudllahi ya kasance babban direban daukar ma’aikata a harkar, kuma ya samu nasarar daukar Hassan Al-Turabi, Mohammad Suar Aldahab, Ibrahim Abou Hasaneen, da Abdalhameed Abdalmajid. A shekarar 1954, siyasar Sudan ta shiga tsaka mai wuya tsakanin hadewar Sudan da Masar ko kuma cikakkiyar ‘yancin kai.

A shekarar 1954 aka kafa manyan kungiyoyi biyu na siyasa daga bisani suka zama mamba a jam'iyyar Umma . Sudan ta samu 'yancin kai a hukumance a shekarar 1956; Firayim Minista na farko shi ne Ismail al-Azhari daga baya Abdallah Khalil . An hambarar da gwamnatin dimokaradiyya a juyin mulkin da Ibrahim Abboud ya yi a shekarar 1958. Abdullahi ya shiga sahun ‘yan adawa inda a shekarar 1964 daliban jami’ar Khartoum da ma’aikatan gwamnati da ma’aikatan sufuri suka gudanar da zanga-zanga da nuna rashin biyayya da ya tilasta wa gwamnatin Ibrahim Abboud yin murabus. An zabi Abdullahi a matsayin dan majalisa karo na biyu a dimokuradiyyar Sudan ta biyu karkashin jagorancin al-Azhari, sannan Gaafar Nimeiry ya hambarar da gwamnatin al-Azhari a shekarar 1969. Abdullahi ya sake shiga jam’iyyar adawa a karkashin jagorancin Sadiq al-Mahdi inda aka kai shi kasar Saudiyya amma daga baya ya koma kasar Ingila. Ya koma Sudan ne a shekarar 1979 bayan da aka yi sulhu tsakanin shugabannin 'yan adawa da Nimeiry.

Bayan ya koma Sudan aka nada shi a sabon ofishin da aka kafa wanda ke kula da harkokin Ansar ( Larabci: هيئة شئون الانصار‎ </link> ). A cikin 1984 Abdullahi yana cikin ƴan siyasar da Nimeiry ya kama tare da ɗaure shi a kurkukun Kober har zuwa 6 ga Afrilu 1985 lokacin da Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab ya hambarar da Nimeiry. Swar Al-Dahab ya yi kira ga jam'iyyun siyasa da su yi gyara kuma a gudanar da zabuka a shekara guda bayan 1986. An zabi Abdullahi a karo na uku a matsayin dan majalisa mai wakiltar jam'iyyar Umma.

A shekarar 1986 jam'iyyar Umma ta lashe zabe amma ba ta da rinjayen kuri'a don samun cikakken ikon gwamnati. An zabi Sadiq al-Mahdi a matsayin Firaminista, bayan da ya kafa gwamnatin hadin gwiwa. An nada Abdullahi a matsayin ministan al’adu da yada labarai kuma shi ne kakakin gwamnati a hukumance. Rikicin siyasa ya kawo sauyi na farko na gwamnati sannan aka nada Abdullahi a matsayin ministan kasuwanci na kasashen waje. An yi wa gwamnati garambawul a karo na biyu kuma aka nada shi kansila kuma mashawarcin Firayim Minista.

Omar Al-Bashir ya hambarar da gwamnatin hadaka maras kwanciyar hankali ta Firayim Minista Sadiq al-Mahdi a wani juyin mulki da sojoji suka yi a ranar 30 ga watan Yunin 1989. An kama Abdullahi aka tsare shi a gidan yari na Kober amma daga baya aka sake shi aka tsare shi a gidan yari. Daga baya Al-Bashir ya nada shi a matsayin ministan ilimi, al'adu da yada labarai da kuma kakakin gwamnati kuma mataimakin ministan harkokin waje sannan kuma ya nada shi jakadan Sudan a Italiya, Spain, Girka da San Marino. A lokacin da yake matsayin jakada ya ci gaba da saba wa gwamnati kuma a shekarar 1995 aka ba shi umarnin komawa Sudan har abada.