Edith Ayrton
Edith Chaplin Ayrton Zangwill (1 watan Oktoba shekara ta 1874 - 5 Mayu 1945) marubuciya ce kuma 'yar gwagwarmaya na Biritaniya. Ta taimaka wajen kafa Ƙungiyar Yahudawa don Suffrage na Mata .
Rayuwarta ta farko[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An haifi Ayrton a Japan ga masanin kimiyya William Edward Ayrton da likita Matilda Chaplin Ayrton . Mahaifiyarta ta mutu a shekara ta 1883 kuma mahaifinta ya auri masaniyar kimiyya Hertha Ayrton . Edith ta girma cikin bangaskiyar Yahudawa.
Rubutunta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Acikin shekara ta 1904 ta rubuta littafinta na farko, Barbarous Babe . Sauran littattafanta sun haɗa da: The First Mrs. Millivar (1905); Teresa (1909); Hawan Tauraro (1918); Kira (1924); Gidan (1928); da Labarin Bayar da Makamashi (1932).
Ayyukan aiki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Edith ta koka da rashin lafiya kuma batajin cewa zata iya zama 'yar gwagwarmaya amma ita da mahaifiyarta sun shiga kungiyar Mata ta zamantakewa da siyasa . Edith ya rubuta wa Maud Arncliffe Sennett don ya gaya mata cewa tayi niyyar tallafawa WSPU da karimci. Mijinta yayi magana a bainar jama'a don goyon bayan WSPU kuma mata masu sassaucin ra'ayi sunyi masa kaca-kaca saboda goyon bayan dabarun tsageru.
Acikin ƙidayar jama'a ta Ingila ta 1911, Edith ta rubuta kanta kawai, 'yar jaririyarta da sunan bayi biyu, sannan bayanin kula mai zuwa: [1]
The rest of the household is not entered as we feel that until women have the political rights of citizens, they should not perform the duties of citizens. Mr. Zangwill is not at home.
— Mrs. Edith Zangwill, 1911 England Census
Ƙungiyar Yahudawa ta Mata[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Acikin shekara ta 1912 ta taimaka wajen samar da Ƙungiyar Yahudawa don Suffrage na Mata wanda ke buɗe ga membobin maza da mata. Kungiyar ta nemi hakkin mata na siyasa da na addini. Anji cewa wasu Yahudawa na iya zama masu sha'awar shiga wannan rukunin a maimakon wata ƙungiyar zaɓe ta mata da ba ta musamman. Sauran membobin sun hada da mijinta, Henrietta Franklin, Hugh Franklin, Lily Montagu, Inez Bensusan da Leonard Benjamin Franklin . Wasu ƙarin sassa na ƙungiyar ne ke da alhakin tarwatsa ayyukan majami'a don bayyana ra'ayinsu a cikin shekara ta 1913 da 1914. An lakafta kungiyar a matsayin "masu tsaro a cikin bonnets" ta sauran al'ummar Yahudawa.
United Suffragists[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Magoya bayan zaben yahudawa sun taru a ranar 6 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1914 tare da wasu masu ra'ayin mazan jiya don ƙirƙirar United Suffragists . An kirkiro sabuwar kungiyar ne a matsayin martani ga matsananciyar tsagerun WSPU da suka fara yakin kone-kone da kuma rashin nasarar kungiyar Matan Mata ta Kasa . Sabuwar ƙungiyar ta haɗa da mahaifiyarta, mijinta, Emmeline Pethick-Lawrence, Maud Arncliffe Sennett, Agnes Harben da mijinta da Louisa Garrett Anderson . Tayi maraba da tsaffin tsagerun da wadanda ba ‘yan bindiga ba da maza da mata. Da zarar Wakilcin Dokar Jama'a na shekara ta 1918 ta wuce bada izinin (wasu) mata suyi zabe, United Suffragists ta watse.
Rayuwarta ta sirri da mutuwarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ta auri Isra'ila Zangwill a ofishin rajista a ranar 26 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 1903. [2] Sun hadu ne sakamakon yadda mahaifiyarta ta aika da labaran farko na Edith zuwa ga marubucin Isra'ila da aka buga don sharhinsa.
Suna da 'ya'ya uku: George (an haife shi ashekara ta1906), Margaret (an haife shi ashekara ta1910) da Oliver Louis Zangwill (an haife shi ashekara ta 1913). [2] Ayrton ta rayu shekaru da yawa a Gabashin Preston, West Sussex, acikin wani gida mai suna Far End . Tayi takaba a shekara ta 1926 kuma ta mutu a Edinburgh a shekara ta 1945, shekara ta cika shekaru 66 da haihuwa. [2] [3]
Ayyukanta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- Barbarous Babe (1904)
- Misis Mollivar ta farko (1905)
- Teresa (1909)
- Tauraron Tauraro (1918)
- Kira (1924), wanda yayi kama da rayuwar mahaifiyarta
- Gidan (1928)
- Labarin Bayar da Makamashi (1932)
Nassoshi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ 1911 England Census
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 William Baker, "Zangwill, Israel (1864–1926)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, April 2016 accessed 6 November 2017.
- ↑ England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1858-1966, 1973-1995 for Edith Ayrton Zangwill; Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England, 20 October 1945