Gyaran zuciya
Gyaran zuciya ( CR ) yana bayyana ta Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) a matsayin " jimlar ayyuka da ayyukan da ake buƙata don tabbatar da mafi kyawun yanayin jiki, tunani, da zamantakewa don marasa lafiya da cututtukan zuciya na yau da kullun ko na baya-bayan nan na iya, ta hanyar kokarin nasu, kiyayewa ko sake dawo da matsayinsu na dacewa a cikin al'umma da gudanar da rayuwa mai aiki ". CR cikakken samfurin kulawa ne wanda ke ba da muhimman abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, gami da tsarin motsa jiki, ilimin haƙuri, ba da shawara na zamantakewa, rage haɗarin haɗari da gyare-gyaren ɗabi'a, tare da burin haɓaka ingancin rayuwar majinyaci da rage haɗarin matsalolin zuciya na gaba.[1]
CR ana isar da shi ta ƙungiyar ladabtarwa da yawa, galibin likita kamar likitan zuciya. Ma'aikatan jinya suna tallafawa marasa lafiya a rage abubuwan haɗari na likita kamar hawan jini, hawan cholesterol da ciwon sukari . Kwararrun likitocin motsa jiki ko wasu ƙwararrun motsa jiki suna haɓaka tsarin motsa jiki na ɗaiɗaiku da tsararru, gami da horon juriya. Likitan abinci yana taimakawa ƙirƙirar tsarin cin abinci mai kyau. Ma'aikacin zamantakewa ko masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam na iya taimakawa marasa lafiya don rage damuwa da magance duk wani yanayin tunanin mutum da aka gano; ga masu shan taba, za su iya ba da shawarwari ko ba da shawarar wasu ingantattun jiyya don tallafawa marasa lafiya a ƙoƙarinsu na barin. Hakanan za'a iya bayar da tallafi don komawa-aiki. Shirye-shiryen CR sun shafi haƙuri.[2]
Dangane da fa'idodin sun taƙaita a ƙasa, Kwalejin Amurka ta Amurka suna ba da shawarar shirye-shiryen Amurka / Amurka game da ƙungiyar Eardiology, wasu ƙungiyoyi.[3][4] Marasa lafiya yawanci suna shiga CR a cikin makonni bayan wani mummunan lamari na jijiyoyin jini kamar ciwon zuciya na zuciya (cutar zuciya), tare da ganewar cututtukan zuciya, ko bin saƙon cututtukan zuciya na jijiyoyin jini (kamar sanya stent na jijiyoyin jini ), jijiyoyin bugun jini ta hanyar tiyata, hanyar bawul., ko shigar da na'urar rhythm (misali, na'urar bugun zuciya, na'urar bugun zuciya da aka dasa ).[5]
Saitin gyaran zuciya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Za a iya ba da sabis na CR a asibiti, a cikin wurin jinya kamar cibiyar al'umma, ko a gida mai nisa ta amfani da waya da sauran fasaha. Hakanan ana ƙara ba da shirye-shiryen haɗin gwiwa.
Hanyoyin gyaran zuciya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Shirin marasa lafiya (phase I)
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Shiga cikin (CR) kafin barin asibiti na iva hanzarta murmurewa majiyyaci, da kuma saukake dawowa cikin sauki zuwa ayyukan rayuwar yau da kullun da matsayi da zarar sun dawo gida. Yawancin marasa lafiya suna nuna damuwa game da farfadowar su, musamman bayan rashin lafiya mai tsanani ko tiyata, don haka Mataki na I(CR) yana ba da dama ga marasa lafiya don gwada iyawar su a cikin amintaccen wuri mai kulawa. Inda akwai, marasa lafiya da ke karbar (CR) a asibiti bayan tiyata yawanci suna iya farawa a cikin kwana daya ko biyu. Matakan farko sun hada da motsa jiki masu sauki wadanda za a iya yi a zaune, kamar daga hannu. Ma'aikacin ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali vana kula da kimar zuciya da matakan iskar oxygen a hankali yayin da mai hakuri ya fara tafiya, ko motsa jiki ta amfani da k e e n tsaye. Mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali yana tabbatar da cewa matakin motsa jiki da karfin horo ya dace da halin da majiyyaci ke ciki a halin yanzu, kuma a hankali yana ci gaba da aikin motsa jiki.[6]
Shirin marasa lafiya (phase Il)
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Domin shiga cikin shirin marasa lafiya, gabadaya dole ne majiyyaci ya fara samun shawarar likita. Ana ba da shawarar marasa lafiya su fara CR na waje a cikin kwanaki 2-7 bavan sabani na yau da kullun, da kuma makonni 4-6 bayan tiyatar zuciya.[7][8][9] Yawancin lokaci wannan lokacin yana da matukar wahala ga marasa lafiya saboda tsoron yawan motsa jiki ko kuma sake faruwar lamuran zuciya.[10][8] Shorter time to start is associated with better outcomes.[11] Gajeren lokaci don farawa vana da alaka da kyakkyawan sakamako.Kasancewa yawanci vana farawa tare da kimantawa na ci wanda ya hada da auna abubuwan hadari na zuciya kamar lipids, hawan jini, tsarin jiki, damuwa / damuwa, da amfani da taba. Ana yin gwajin iya aiki da yawa don sanin ko motsa jiki yana da aminci kuma don tallafawa habaka shirin motsa jiki na musamman. Ana magance matsalolin hadari kuma an kafa burin marasa lafiya; "mai kula da shari'ar" wanda zai iya zama ma'aikaciyar jinya mai horar da zuciya, likitan motsa jiki, ko likitan ilimin motsa jiki vana aiki don taimakawa marasa lafiya cimma burinsu. A lokacin motsa jiki, ana iya lura da bugun zuciyar majiyyaci da hawan jini don duba tsananin aiki. Tsawon lokacin CR ya bambanta daga shirin zuwa shirin, kuma yana iya zuwa daga makonni shida zuwa shekaru da yawa. A duniya, ana ba da matsakaicin zama na 24, kuma an tabbatar da cewa mafi kyau. Bayan an gama CR, akwai shirye-shiryen kulawa na dogon lokaci (lokaci na III) don masu sha'awar marasa lafiya, kamar vadda aka inganta fa'idodi tare da bin dogon lokaci. Abin takaici duk da haka, marasa lafiya gabadaya dole ne su biya daga aljihu don wadannan ayyukan.
Karkashin amfani da gyaran zuciya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gyaran zuciya (CR) ba shi da amfani sosai a duniya.Farashin ya bambanta sosai. Karkashin amfani vana hafar da dalilai masu yawa; Akwai wani bita na baya-bayan nan. Amatakin tsarin kiwon lafiya, wannan ya hada da rashin shirye-shirye. Amatakin mai ba da sabis, kananan kimar isarwa babban shamaki ne. Amatakin marasa lafiya, abubuwa kamar rashin sani, sufuri, nisa, farashi, nauyin gasa, da sauran yanayin kiwon lafiya suna da alhakin, amma yawancin ana iya rage su. Mata, tsirarun al'adun kabilanci, tsofaffi marasa lafiya, wadanda ke da kananan matsayi na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki, tare da cututtuka, da kuma zama a vankunan karkara ba su da yuwuwar samun damar shiga CR, duk da cewa wadannan marasa lafiya sukan fi bugatarsa. Marasa lafiya na zuciva na iya tantance shingen CR din su a nan, kuma su karbi shawarwari kan yadda za a shawo kansu: https://globalcardiacrehab.com/For[permanent dead link] Patients. Yanzu an kafa dabaru kan yadda za mu iya rage wadannan shingen amfani da CR.Yana da mahimmanci ga rukunin marasa lafiya da ke kula da marasa lafiya na zuciya don kaddamar da tsarin atomatik/tsari ko na lantarki zuwa CR (duba:https://www.ahrq.gov/takeheart/index.html). Hakanan vana da mahimmanci ga masu ba da lafiya don habaka CR ga marasa lafiya a gefen gado. Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya da Kulawa ta Kasa tana ba da shawarwari masu taimako akan karfafa marasa lafiya su halarci CR. Koyar da karin kwararrun kiwon lafiya don isar da CR kuma na iva taimakawa. Shirye-shiryen CR kuma na iya shiga wurin yin rajista don tantancewa da habaka amfani da su - a tsakanin sauran alamun inganci.Bayar da shirye-shiryen da aka kebance ga kungiyoyin da ba a yi musu hidima ba kamar mata na iya saukake shigar shirin.
Amfani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Shiga cikin CR na iya hadawa da fa'idodi da yawa.Ga marasa lafiya masu fama da ciwon zuciya mai tsanani, CR yana rage yawan mace-mace na zuciya da 25% da adadin sakewa ta hanyar 20%. CRyana da alaka da ingantacciyar rayuwa, ingantaccen jin dadin rayuwar dan adam, da karfin aiki, kuma yana da tsada. A cikin kasashe masu kankanta da matsakaita, akwai wasu shaidun da ke nuna cewa CR yana da tasiri wajen habaka karfin aiki, abubuwan hadari da ingancin rayuwa kuma.
Da alama babu bambanci a cikin sakamako tsakanin shirye-shiryen CR masu kulawa da na gida, kuma duka biyun sun kai kusan iri daya. CR na gida gabadaya yana da aminci. Hakanan ana nuna shirye- shiryen tushen gida tare da fasaha suna da tasiri. Akwai takamaiman sake dubawa game da fa'idodin CR a cikin marasa lafiya tare da takamaiman yanayin kiwon lafiya irin su al'amuran valve, atrial fibrillation, ] masu karbar bugun zuciya, da gazawar zuciya.
Kungiyoyin gyaran zuciya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]kwararrun CR suna aiki tare a kasashe da yawa don habaka isar da sabis da habaka wayar da kan CR.Majalisar kasa da kasa na rigakafin cututtukan zuciya da farfadowa (ICPR), memba na Kungiyar Zuciya ta Duniya, ta kunshi membobin kwamitin da aka fi sani da su na al'ummomin CR a duniya. Ta hanyar hadin kai a cikin mafi yawan kungiyoyin da ke da alaka da CR, ICCPR na neman habaka CR a cikin kananan saitunan albarkatu, a tsakanin sauran manufofin da aka tsara a cikin Yarjejeniyarsu.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24752917
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)
- ↑ Guha S, Sethi R, Ray S, Bahl VK, Shanmugasundaram S, Kerkar P, et al. (April 2017). "Cardiological Society of India: Position statement for the management of ST elevation myocardial infarction in India". Indian Heart Journal. 69 (Suppl 1): S63–S97. doi:10.1016/j.ihj.2017.03.006. PMC 5388060. PMID 28400042.
- ↑ "Quality statement 7 (developmental): Options for cardiac rehabilitation | Chronic heart failure in adults | Quality standards". www.nice.org.uk. Archived from the original on 2021-10-24. Retrieved 2022-09-06.
- ↑ Grace SL, Turk-Adawi KI, Contractor A, Atrey A, Campbell NR, Derman W, et al. (2016-11-01). "Cardiac Rehabilitation Delivery Model for Low-Resource Settings: An International Council of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Consensus Statement" (PDF). Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases. Controversies in Hypertension. 59 (3): 303–322. doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2016.08.004. PMID 27542575.
- ↑ Wang TJ, Chau B, Lui M, Lam GT, Lin N, Humbert S (September 2020). "Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Pulmonary Rehabilitation for COVID-19". American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 99 (9): 769–774. doi:10.1097/PHM.0000000000001505. PMC 7315835. PMID 32541352.
- ↑ Zhang Y, Cao H, Jiang P, Tang H (February 2018). "Cardiac rehabilitation in acute myocardial infarction patients after percutaneous coronary intervention: A community-based study". Medicine. 97 (8): e9785. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000009785. PMC 5841979. PMID 29465559.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Shajrawi A, Granat M, Jones I, Astin F (November 2020). "Physical Activity and Cardiac Self-Efficacy Levels During Early Recovery After Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Jordanian Study". The Journal of Nursing Research. 29 (1): e131. doi:10.1097/JNR.0000000000000408. PMC 7808357. PMID 33136697.
- ↑ Dafoe W, Arthur H, Stokes H, Morrin L, Beaton L (September 2006). "Universal access: but when? Treating the right patient at the right time: access to cardiac rehabilitation". The Canadian Journal of Cardiology. 22 (11): 905–911. doi:10.1016/s0828-282x(06)70309-9. PMC 2570237. PMID 16971975.
- ↑ Astin F, Closs SJ, McLenachan J, Hunter S, Priestley C (January 2009). "Primary angioplasty for heart attack: mismatch between expectations and reality?". Journal of Advanced Nursing. 65 (1): 72–83. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04836.x. PMID 19032516.
- ↑ "Cardiac rehabilitation wait times and relation to patient outcomes - European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 2015 June;51(3):301-9". www.minervamedica.it (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-04-05.