JUSTICE
KUNGIYAR ADALCI ƙungiya ce ta kare haƙƙin ɗan adam da gyara dokokin da ke zaune a Kingdomasar Ingila . Sashin Birtaniyya ne na Kwamitin Kasa da Kasa na Masu Shari'a, kungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama ta kasa da kasa ta lauyoyi masu kishin kare hakkin dan'adam a duk duniya. Saboda haka, 'yan JUSTICE ne yawanci barristers da Lauyan, da alƙalai, da shari'a da malaman jami'a, da kuma dokar dalibai.
ADALCI yana zaman kansa ne kuma yana da dukkan jam'iyya, yana da wakilai na manyan jam'iyyun siyasa uku a Majalisar da ke mulki. Sadaka ce mai rijista a ƙarƙashin dokar Ingilishi.
Daraktan JUSTICE Andrea Coomber ne, kuma shugaban Majalisar JUSTICE ita ce Baroness Kennedy na Shaws QC.
Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An kafa KUNGIYAR ADALCI a shekarata 1957, bayan ziyarar da kungiyar lauyoyi ta Burtaniya suka kai don lura da shari’ar cin amanar da mambobin Jam’iyyar African National Congress (ANC) suka yi a Afirka ta Kudu da nuna wariyar launin fata a Hungary. Shugabanta na farko shi ne Hartley Shawcross, babban mai shigar da kara na Burtaniya a Nuremberg, sannan wani mai kafa Peter Benenson wanda daga baya zai kafa kungiyar Amnesty International . Tabbas, lokacin da AI ta fara farawa a cikin shekarata 1961, ta raba ofisoshinta tare da ADALCI.
A cikin shekarata 1958, ya zama sashen Birtaniyya na Hukumar Kula da Shari'a ta Duniya ('ICJ'). Sharuɗɗan asali na tsarin mulki na ADALCI sun yi alƙawarin `` don ƙarfafawa da ƙarfafa ƙa'idodin Dokar a cikin yankuna waɗanda Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya ke da alhakin kai tsaye ko a ƙarshe suke da alhakinsu: musamman, don taimakawa wajen gudanar da shari'a da kuma kiyaye abubuwan 'yanci na mutum'. Tabbas, ADALCI da kansa ya haifar da wasu rassa masu yawa a ƙasashen da har yanzu Turawan mulkin mallaka da yankuna masu dogaro. Kamar yadda kowane ɗayan waɗannan ƙasashe ya yunƙura zuwa samun 'yanci a cikin shekarata 1960s, rassan sun sake dawo da kansu a matsayin ɓangarorin ƙasa na ICJ. Wannan, bi da bi, ya canza girmamawar aikin ADALCI ga Burtaniya kanta.
Don haka, kodayake an kafa shi ne dan ƙiran ƙasa da ƙasa, ADALCI da sauri ya kafa takamaiman mai da hankali kan bin doka da kiyaye haƙƙoƙin asali a Burtaniya. Ta hanyar aikin sakatarenta na farko, Tom Sargant OBE, ADALCI cikin hanzari ya bunkasa kwarewa a shari'o'in da suka shafi rashin adalci, kuma ya tabbatar da sakin fursunoni da dama wadanda aka tsare bisa kuskure. Sargant ya kasance mai taimakawa wajen kafa jerin shirye-shiryen BBC <i id="mwJw">Rough Justice</i>, wanda ya kai ga sako daga gidan yari na mutum goma sha takwas da aka yiwa rashin adalci.
A dai-dai wannan lokacin JUSTICE ta cigaba a matsayin kungiyar siyasa, ta samar da rahotanni wadanda suka taimaka wajen kafa tsarin Ombudsman na Burtaniya, da Hukumar Kula da Raunin Laifuka, da Dokar Bayar da Dokar Masu Laifi a shekarar 1974, da Dokar Kare Bayanai na shekarar 1998, da Hukumar Binciken Laifukan Laifuka . Hakazalika, yawancin matakan da ke ƙunshe a cikin Dokar sake fasalin Tsarin Mulki na shekarar 2005 ADALCI ya gabatar da su a baya. Ta hanyar 1990s ta kafa da kuma inganta shirye-shirye kan dokokin haƙƙin ɗan adam, shari'ar masu laifi, mafaka da shige da fice, nuna wariya da sirrin mutane. Tana yin gwagwarmayar shigar da Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam a cikin dokar Burtaniya ta hanyar Dokar ' Yancin Dan Adam na shekarata 1998 .
Dame Anne Owers CBE, Babban Sifeta mai kula da gidajen yari, a baya ita ce Daraktar JUSTICE har zuwa shekarata 2001. Kujerun JUSTICE da suka gabata sun hada da Lord Alexander na Weedon QC, Lord Goodhart QC, da kuma tsohon Doka Lord, Lord Steyn .
Aikin yanzu[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Babban fannonin aikin ADALCI sune:
- 'Yancin ɗan'adam
- Adalci na laifi
- Dokar EU
- Tsarin doka
Hankalin JUSTICE yana kan dokar Burtaniya amma aikinta ya haɗa da bayyana mahimmancin dokar haƙƙin ɗan adam ta ƙasa da ƙasa tare da kawo fahimtar nazarin kwatankwacin sauran ikon. Dokar Turai tana ci gaba da taka rawa a cikin wannan aikin. Yana aiki ne da farko ta hanyar yiwa 'yan majalissar da masu tsara manufofi bayani game da tasirin haƙƙin ɗan adam na doka. A matsayinta na kungiyar siyasa ba ta da hannu cikin yakin neman zabe da kararrakin kowane mutum da kuma samar da zaman kanta, kwararren masanin shari'a kan al'amuran da suka shafi 'yanci. Hakanan yana aiki a matakan Turai da na duniya, yana neman cibiyoyin Tarayyar Turai , Majalisar Turai da ƙungiyoyin yarjejeniya ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya daban-daban.
Kowane yanki na ADALCI a wuraren aiki bi da bi yana ɗaukar batutuwa da yawa, ciki har da mafaka da shige da fice, yaƙi da ta'addanci, daidaito da wariya, tsare sirri, yanci EU da Tsaro, taimakon shari'a da samun adalci, da kuma batutuwan tsarin mulki zuwa ga matsayin bangaren shari'a da bin diddigin dokoki.
ADALCI shima yana da dadadden tarihi na tsoma baki cikin lamuran da suka shafi jama'a da suka shafi kare hakkoki na yau da kullun. Don wannan, ta shiga tsakani a cikin shari'o'in da ke gaban Kotun ofaukaka andara da Gidan Iyayengiji, Majalisar Tarayya, Kotun Turai na 'Yancin' Yan Adam, da Kotun Tarayyar Turai . A watan Oktoba na shekarata 2009, ta zama ƙungiya mai zaman kanta ta farko da ta sa baki a cikin shari'ar da ke gaban Kotun Koli ta Burtaniya .
Duba kuma[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- Dokar doka
- Mulki Dangane da Doka Mai Girma