Marcel Deviq

Marcel Deviq
member of the French National Assembly (en)
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna	Armand Marcel Deviq
Haihuwa	Batna (en) , 10 ga Afirilu, 1907
ƙasa	Faransa
Mutuwa	Boulogne-Billancourt (en) , 17 ga Yuni, 1972
Karatu
Harsuna	Faransanci
Sana'a
Sana'a	ɗan siyasa
Wurin aiki	Faris

Armand-Marcel Deviq (10 Afrilun shekarar 1907 - 17 Yuni 1972) injiniyan Aljeriya ne, ɗan kasuwa, kuma ɗan siyasa wanda ya yi aiki a Majalisar Dokokin Faransa daga shekarun 1958 zuwa 1962. Memba na Unity of the Republic jam'iyyar, ya wakilci babban yanki na kudu maso gabashin Aljeriya. Deviq da iyalinsa su ne masu Motar Compagnie Saharienne, wanda ke ba da sabis na sufuri na kasuwanci a cikin hamadar Sahara.

Tarihin Rayuwa

Rayuwar farko da sana'ar kasuwanci

An haifi Armand-Marcel Deviq a ranar 10 ga watan Afrilu 1907 a Batna, wani birni a Aljeriya na Faransa. Deviq ɗan Pied-Noir ne, ɗan ƙabilar Faransa da ke zaune a Aljeriya. Kakansa, ɗan vintner daga yankin Faransa na Cévennes, ya ƙaura zuwa Algeria a shekara ta 1878 bayan kwari sun lalata amfanin gonarsa. Da yake zaune a Batna, ya kafa kamfanin sufuri wanda ke ba da sabis na jigilar kayayyaki zuwa garuruwan da ke kewaye ta hanyar amfani da karusan doki. Mahaifin Deviq Armand ya karbi ragamar kamfanin a cikin shekarar 1907 kuma ya fara kafa hanyoyin shiga tsakiyar Aljeriya, tare da haɗa garuruwan Touggourt da El Oued na hamada. Kamfanin ya sami babbar motarsa ta farko, 2.5 T Renault, a cikin shekarar 1925, kuma an kafa alaƙa tsakanin Touggourt da Ouargla a shekara mai zuwa.

A 1928, Deviq ya kammala karatu daga École Spéciale des Travaux Publics kuma ya fara aiki a kamfanin tare da ɗan'uwansa René, wanda yake ɗan shekara biyu. Kamfanin ya fadada cikin sauri a cikin Sahara a cikin shekarar 1930s, tare da hanyoyin da za su iya isa Fort Flatters a tsakiyar hamada ta 1931 da A Guezzam a kudu mai nisa zuwa 1936. A cikin wannan lokacin, 'yan'uwan Deviq sun fara jagorancin kamfanin tare da haɗin gwiwa, kuma an sake masa suna daga Armand Deviq et 'ya'yansa zuwa Compagnie Saharienne Automobile, tare da Marcel yana aiki a matsayin darekta na injiniya kuma René ya zama darektan gudanarwa.

Barkewar yakin duniya na biyu ya sa kamfanin ya sassauta ci gaban, saboda kayayyakin injina ya yi wuyar samu. Gwamnatin Vichy ta sanya Deviq a gidan kaso saboda tausayinsa ga Free French forces , ko da yake an sake shi bayan 'yan watanni kawai saboda tasirin 'yan'uwa biyu da aka yi a yankin. Lokacin yakin bayan yakin ya ga kamfanin ya sami nasara mai yawa, yayin da aka sami damar cire kayan aikin daga kayan aikin Italiya da suka mika wuya, yayin da karuwar mai a cikin shekarar 1950s ya kai ga Kamfanin Compagnie Saharienne Automobile ya fadada rundunar su zuwa motocin 260 da aiki tare da Berliet don haɓakawa. da Berliet T100, mota mai nauyi da aka ƙera don ƙaƙƙarfan yanayin hamada. A cikin shekarar 1947, Deviq kuma ya zama memba na Société astronomique de France.

Aikin siyasa, bayan rayuwa, da mutuwa

A cikin zaɓen majalisar dokokin Faransa na 1958, an zaɓi Deviq a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa, mai wakiltar Oasis (department) – wanda ya ƙunshi babban yanki na kudu maso gabashin Aljeriya – a matsayin memba na Unity of the Republic jam'iyya. Deviq ya kasance mai goyon bayan ci gaba da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Faransa da Aljeriya, ya fi son "zamantawa da mutunta al'adu", kuma ya ba da shawarar cewa yankin Sahara ya fi dacewa ya shiga cikin kasar. A matsayinsa na mataimakin shugaban kwamitin samarwa da kasuwanci na majalisar dokoki, Deviq ya taka rawa wajen kafa manufofin kudi na Faransa ga Sahara; Daga cikin shawarwarinsa akwai kafa bankin Sahara.

A wajen kawo karshen yakin Aljeriya a farkon shekarun 1960, Deviq ya nuna damuwarsa kan yadda sojojin Faransa suka yi watsi da yankin Sahara zuwa ga kungiyar 'yantar da kasa, kuma ya nuna damuwarsa kan tsaron Turawa a Aljeriya saboda karuwar tashe-tashen hankula na kabilanci, musamman kunar baƙin wake, tashin bama-bamai. Daga baya ya kasance mai sukar yarjejeniyar Évian, yarjejeniyoyin zaman lafiya na 1962 wanda ya kawo karshen yakin Aljeriya kuma ya kai ga Aljeriya ta zama kasa mai cin gashin kanta. Wa'adin majalisar Deviq da sauran 'yan majalisar Faransa na Aljeriya ya kare ne a ranar 3 ga watan Yulin 1962, ranar da Faransa ta ayyana Aljeriya a matsayin mai cin gashin kanta.

Bayan samun 'yancin kai na Aljeriya, Deviq ya yi yunkurin zama a kasar don ci gaba da gudanar da harkokin kasuwancinsa, wanda shi kadai ne ya mallaki sakamakon mutuwar René a wani hatsari a shekarar 1960. Duk da haka, bayan samun barazana da dama a kan rayuwarsa, Deviq ya gudu zuwa Faransa a 1963. Gwamnatin Aljeriya ta kwace wannan mota kirar Compagnie Saharienne inda aka sauya mata suna Compagnie Socialiste Automobile; karkashin jagorancin ma'aikatan da ba su iya aiki da cin hanci da rashawa, kamfanin ya rushe bayan 'yan shekaru. Deviq ya zama jagora a cikin al'ummar Aljeriya da ke gudun hijira a Faransa, inda ya taimaka wa Edmond Jouhaud a cikin Kwamitin Kasa na Komawa da Wawashewa, kuma yana aiki a Rahla, ƙungiyar 'yan gudun hijira daga Sahara. Deviq ya mutu a ranar 17 ga watan Yuni 1972 a Paris yana da shekaru 65.