Mostafa Kamal Tolba
 Mostafa Kamal Tolba | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Rayuwa | |
| Haihuwa |
Gharbia Governorate (en)  , 8 Disamba 1922 |
| ƙasa | Misra |
| Mutuwa |
Geneva (en) , 28 ga Maris, 2016 |
| Karatu | |
| Makaranta |
Cairo University (en) Imperial College London (en) |
| Harsuna |
Larabci Turanci |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
biologist (en) , microbiologist (en) , civil servant (en) da environmental scientist (en) |
| Employers |
Cairo University (en) Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya |
Mostafa Kamal Tolba (Larabci: مصطفى كمال طلبة) (8 Disamba 1922 - 28 Maris 2016) masanin kimiyyar Masar ne wanda ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru goma sha bakwai a matsayin babban darektan Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNEP).[1] A cikin wannan damar ya jagoranci ci gaba da Yarjejeniyar Montreal, wanda ya ceci Layer ozone kuma ta haka miliyoyin rayuka daga ciwon daji na fata da sauran tasiri.[2]
Tarihin Rayuwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An haifi Mustafa Kamal Tolba a garin Zifta (wanda ke cikin Gharbia Governorate), Tolba ya kammala karatunsa a Jami'ar Alkahira a shekarar 1943 kuma ya sami digiri na uku a Kwalejin Imperial London bayan shekaru biyar. Ya kafa tasa makaranta a fannin ilimin halittu a tsangayar kimiyya ta Jami'ar Alkahira sannan kuma ya koyar a jami'ar Bagadaza a shekarun 1950. Baya ga aikinsa na ilimi Tolba ya yi aiki a aikin farar hula na Masar.[3]
Bayan ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a matsayin Shugaban Kwamitin Olympics na Masar (1971-1972),[4] Tolba ya jagoranci tawagar Masar zuwa babban taron Stockholm na 1972, wanda ya kafa Shirin Muhalli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Tolba ya zama Mataimakin Babban Darakta na UNEP nan da nan bayan taron, kuma bayan shekaru biyu an kara masa girma zuwa babban darektan.
A tsawon wa'adinsa na darekta na UNEP (1975-1992), ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen yaki da lalata ozone, wanda ya ƙare da yarjejeniyar Vienna (1985) da yarjejeniyar Montreal (1987).[3][5] Ya ba da damar waɗannan shawarwarin ta hanyar zama gada tsakanin ministoci da masana kimiyya, tun da ba su fahimci yaren juna ba.[2] Ya bayyana yarjejeniyar ta Montreal a matsayin yarjejeniya ta farawa da karfafawa, inda bangarorin suka fara cikin tsari, sun sami ilimin da suke bukata don kawar da sinadarai masu haɗari, kuma sun sami kwarin gwiwa da suke bukata don yin ƙari.[6]
Ya yi nasarar jagorantar shawarwari don Yarjejeniyar Basel akan sharar fage mai haɗari.[2] Ya kasance babban tasiri a cikin ƙirƙira da tsara Ƙungiyar Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and the Global Environment Facility.[7] Ya jagoranci aikin don haɓaka Yarjejeniyar Kan Bambancin Halittu.[2]
A shekara ta 1982, Mostafa K. Tolba, a matsayin babban darektan shirin kula da muhalli na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya, ya gaya wa wakilan Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya cewa idan al’ummomin duniya suka ci gaba da manufofinsu na yanzu, za su fuskanci a ƙarshen ƙarni. '' bala'in muhalli wanda zai shaida barna a cikakke, kamar yadda ba za a iya jurewa ba, kamar kowane kisan kare dangi.'' [8]
Tolba ya mutu a ranar 28 ga watan Maris 2016 a Geneva yana da shekaru 93.[9]
Wallafe-wallafe[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Littattafan Tolba sun haɗa da takardu sama da 95 akan cututtukan shuka, da kuma sama da maganganun 600 da labarai kan muhalli.[3]
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ The Environment Encyclopedia and Directory 2001 (3rd ed.). Europa Publications. 2001. p. 545. ISBN 1857430891.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Vaughan, Scott (29 March 2016). "Dr. Mostafa Tolba: Architect of the Montreal Protocol, IPCC and Biodiversity Convention". International Institute for Sustainable Development (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-05-21.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "2005 Awards Profiles: Mostafa Kamal Tolba (Egypt)". The Vienna Convention Award For Outstanding Contributions to the Protection of the Ozone Layer. United Nations Environment Programme. Archived from the original on 2015-04-12. Retrieved 2010-10-08.
- ↑ "Egyptian Olympic Committee Presidents 1910 until now" (PDF, 2.86 MB) (in Arabic). Egyptian Olympic Committee. Retrieved 2010-10-07.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)[permanent dead link]
- ↑ "Mostafa Tolba: Green giant: A creator of the successful regime to reduce global emissions has died". The Economist. 2 April 2016. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ↑ "Dr. Mostafa Tolba, Father of Montreal Protocol, Dies at 93 - IGSD" (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-05-21.
- ↑ Bolin, Bert (2007). A History of the Science and Politics of Climate Change. The Role of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- ↑ Shabecoff, Philip; Times, Special To the New York (1982-05-11). "U.N. ECOLOGY PARLEY OPENS AMID GLOOM". The New York Times (in Turanci). ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-02-07.
- ↑ Weil, Martin (29 March 2016). "Mostafa K. Tolba, U.N. environmental official, dies at 93". Washington Post. Retrieved 1 April 2016.