Operation Yoav

Operation Yoav

Iri	military operation (en)
Bangare na	Yaƙin Larabawa-Isra'ila 1948 da ethnic cleansing in Palestine (en)
Kwanan watan	15 –  22 Oktoba 1948
Wuri	Negev (en)

Operation Yoav (wanda kuma ake kira Operation Plagues Goma ko Operation Yo'av ) wani aikin sojan Isra'ila ne da aka gudanar daga 15-22 Oktoba 1948 a cikin hamadar Negev, a lokacin Yaƙin Larabawa da Isra'ila na 1948. Manufarta ita ce ta kora tsakanin sojojin Masar a bakin gaɓar, da hanyar Biyer-sheba, da Hebron, da hanyar Urushalima, da yaƙi dukan Negeb. Operation Yoav ya kasance karkashin jagorancin kwamandan Front Front Yigal Allon . An yi wa wannan aiki suna ne bayan Yitzhak Dubno, wanda kwamandojinsa a Palmach suka yi masa lakabi da "Yoav". Dubno, babban jami'in Palmach, an tuhumi shi ne da shiryawa da kuma jagorantar kare kibbutzim Negba da Yad Mordechai. An kashe Dubno ne a wani samame da aka kai ta sama a Kibbutz Negba jim kadan bayan da sojojin Masar suka fara kai farmaki a yankin kudancin Isra'ila.

Sojojin Isra'ila sun kama Biyer-sheba

Fage

A yankunan tsakiya da arewacin kasar Falasdinu, Isra'ilawa sun yi nasarar samun galaba mai yawa a yankin kafin a fara aiki da tsagaita bude wuta na biyu. Amma Hamadar Negev ta kudu, wadda aka ware wa kasar Yahudawa a cikin Tsarin Rarrabuwar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 1947 na Falasdinu, har yanzu yana karkashin ikon Masar. Duk da tsagaitawar ta biyu, Masarawa sun hana ayarin yahudawa wucewa zuwa Negev, kuma sun kama wasu mukamai fiye da layin sulhu.

Ayyukan Annoba Goma (bayan horon da Allah ya aika wa Masarawa don riƙe Isra’ilawa bauta a cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki na Ibrananci ) an yi shi kuma an amince da shi a zaman majalisar zartarwa na 6 ga Oktoba 1948. Wannan farmakin ya zo ne a ranar 14 ga watan Oktoban shekarar 1948, lokacin da aka harba wani ayari dauke da manyan motoci 16 a lokacin da suke wucewa ta yankunan kasar Masar.

Ralph Bunche, wanda ya zama mai shiga tsakani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya bayan kisan gillar da aka yi wa Count Folke Bernadotte, ya ce:

Matakin soja na [Isra'ila] na 'yan kwanakin nan ya kasance a kan sikelin da za a iya aiwatar da shi ne kawai bayan dogon shiri, kuma da kyar za a iya bayyana shi a matsayin matakin ramuwar gayya kan harin da aka kai kan ayarin motocin [Isra'ila].

Aikin ya zo daidai da Operation ha-Har, 18-24 ga Oktoba, inda dakarun Harel da Etzioni Brigades suka kai hari kan kauyukan Masar da ke kan hanyar Jerusalem Corridor .

Tarihi

Harin Bam na Iraki Suwaydan, 9 Nuwamba 1948.

Negev brigade

Sojojin Isra'ila sun hada da birged soji guda uku, Negev Brigade, Givati Brigade karkashin jagorancin Abraham "Kiki" Elkin, da Yiftach Brigade, bataliyar mai sulke daga Brigade ta 8 masu sulke da kuma kakkabo manyan bindigogi da aka samu ga sojojin. IDF a lokacin. A ranar 18 ga Oktoba kuma rundunar Oded Brigade ta shiga aikin. Da yammacin ranar 15 ga watan Oktoba sojojin saman Isra'ila sun kai hari Gaza, al-Majdal (yanzu Ashkelon ), Beersheba da Beit Hanoun . An sake kai harin bama-bamai a wasu wurare a cikin dare biyu masu zuwa. Wata bataliyar rundunar sojojin ta Yiftach Brigade ta yi aikin hakar ma'adinan jirgin kasa tsakanin El-Arish da Rafah da kuma hanyoyi daban-daban a yankin na Gaza, inda suka kuma tuka wata hanya. Bataliyoyin Birgediya Biyu na Givati Brigade sun kori kudu maso gabashin Iraki al-Manshiyya (a yanzu Kiryat Gath ), don haka yanke hanya tsakanin al-Faluja da Beit Jibrin . Bataliya ta 52 ta Givati da Brigade ta 8 sun kama Beit Jibrin a ranar 23 ga Oktoba.

Da sanyin safiya na ranar 21 ga watan Oktoba, bayan dare biyu na hare-hare ta sama, sojojin Negev Brigade da 8th Armored Brigade sun kai hari kan Beersheba daga yamma. Wata runduna ta sake haɗa su daga arewa. Dakarun sojojin Masar sun kunshi sojoji 500 da wasu kananan bindigogi. Sun dan yi tsayin daka na tsawon awanni biyar kafin su mika wuya. An yi wa cin nasarar Biyersheba suna Operation Moshe, bayan Moshe Albert, wanda ya faɗi yana kare Beit Eshel da aka kewaye.

Yayin da aka ba da umarnin tsagaita wuta na tsawon sa'o'i 15:00 a ranar 22 ga Oktoba, an ci gaba da aiwatar da kwanaki da suka biyo bayan aikin, da kuma alaƙa da shi.

Bayan da Masarawa suka koma kudu daga Ashdod (Oktoba 28) da al-Majdal (Nuwamba 6) zuwa Gaza, yankin gabar tekun da ke Yad Mordechai ya kasance a hannun sojojin Isra'ila. A ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, an kama sansanin Suwaydan na Iraki tare da canza sunan sansanin Yoav don girmama aikin.

A ranar 29 ga watan Oktoba sojoji na birgediya ta 8 sun yi kisan kiyashi a al-Dawayima .

A ƙarshen aikin Janar Allon ya nemi izinin ƙaddamar da hari a kan tuddan Hebron da cikin kwarin Jericho. David Ben-Gurion ya ki yarda, musamman saboda fargabar cewa hakan zai kai ga shiga Burtaniya.

Hukumar ba da agajin ‘yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta bayar da rahoton cewa, ‘yan gudun hijira a zirin Gaza sun haura daga 100,000 zuwa 230,000 sakamakon aikin da ake yi na Operation Yoav. Wannan adadi bai haɗa da waɗanda suka gudu zuwa Dutsen Hebron ba.

Kauyukan Larabawa da aka kama

Kauyuka da garuruwan da aka kama a lokacin Operation Yoav, Oktoba 1948.

Name	Population (1944/45)	Date	Defending forces	Brigade	notes
Bayt 'Affa	700	2nd half of October 1948	Egyptian army	n/a	First captured by Giv'ati Brigade in July but only held for a few days. Population fled and village destroyed.
Bayt Tima	1,060	11/19 October	n/a but a Saudi company here in early July as well as Palestinian Militia.	Givati Brigade	Bombarded by planes and artillery prior to capture. Population fled and village destroyed.
Hulayqat	420	19 October	Egyptian Army:600 regular soldiers with '100 killed'	Givati Brigade	Captured and held by the Israeli army following Operation Barak. Retaken by Egyptians on 7 July. Some villagers returned but fled in October. Village destroyed.
Kawkaba	680	20 October	Saudi Company present in June	Givati Brigade	On front line between Egyptians and Israelis. Changed hands several times during the summer. Villagers fled and buildings destroyed.
Beersheba	5,570	21 October	Egyptian Army	8th Armored Brigade, Negev Brigade	Arabs expelled, 10 km radius exclusion zone enforced on Bedouin.
Ra'na	190	22–23 October	n/a	Givati Brigade	Those villagers who remained expelled and village destroyed.
Zikrin	960	22–23 October	n/a	Givati Brigade	depopulated and village destroyed.
Kidna	450	22–23 October	Arab Liberation Army, Muslim Brotherhood volunteers and local militia.	Givati Brigade	depopulated and village destroyed.
'Ajjur	3,730	23 October	n/a	4th Battalion, Givati Brigade	depopulated, most inhabitants left after earlier attacks. Town destroyed.
Dayr al-Dubban	730	23–24 October	none	Givati Brigade	Most of villagers fled, some expelled. Village destroyed.
Bayt Jibrin	2,430	24 October	Egyptian Army unit in police fort.	Givati Brigade	Bombed from the air on 18 October and on several subsequent occasions. Town depopulated but not all buildings destroyed.
Al-Qubayba	1,060	28 October	none	Givati or Harel Brigade	Population fled and village destroyed.
Isdud	4,910 including 290 Jews	28 October	Egyptians withdrew	Givati Brigade	Bombed for three nights by the IAF. 300 villagers who remained expelled. Village destroyed.
al-Dawayima	3,710	29 October	no organized defense	89th Battalion, 8th Brigade	Village destroyed.
Dayr Sunayd	730	Late October	Egyptian Army, 9th Battalion including Gamal Abdel Nasser	n/a	Bombed from air during early stages of operation. Villagers fled and village destroyed.
Al-Khalasa	Azazima Bedouin	End of October	Egyptian Army	Negev Brigade	Possibly captured in May. Destroyed.
Hamama	5,070 including 60 Jews	4 November	Egyptian Army	Givati Brigade	Occupants fled or expelled. Village destroyed in operation on 30 November.
Al-Jiyya	1,230	4 November	n/a	Givati Brigade	Villagers expelled and village destroyed.
Al-Jura	2,420	4 November	no resistance	Givati Brigade	villagers expelled and village destroyed.
al-Majdal	9,910	4 November	Egyptian Army	Givati Brigade, Negev Brigade, Yiftach Brigade	Townspeople who had remained or returned finally expelled in 1950.
Hiribya	2,300 including 60 Jews	early November	Egyptian Army	n/a	Another location bombed from air. Population fled or expelled, buildings destroyed.
Bayt Jirja	940	4–5 November	n/a	Givati Brigade, Negev Brigade, Yiftach Brigade	population fled or expelled, village destroyed.
Barbara	2,410	5 November	n/a	n/a	Bombed from air during early stage of operation. Depopulated and town destroyed.

Brigades masu shiga

• 8th Brigade masu sulke
• Givati Brigade
• Negev Brigade
• Oded Brigade
• Yiftach Brigade

Duba kuma

• Yakin sojojin ruwan Isra'ila a Operation Yoav
• Jerin fadace-fadace da ayyuka a yakin Falasdinu na 1948
• Rushewar wuraren Falasɗinawa a Isra'ila

Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

• Yaƙin Isra'ila da Larabawa na Farko da 'Yan Gudun Hijira 1948-53 Archived 2011-09-27 at the Wayback Machine Archived
• Kada Mu Manta - labarin Nizar Sakhanini