Ozolua
 Ozolua | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
1483 - 1514 | |||
| Rayuwa | |||
| Haihuwa | Masarautar Benin, 15 century | ||
| ƙasa | Masarautar Benin | ||
| Mutuwa | Kazaure da Masarautar Benin, 1504 (Gregorian) | ||
| Ƴan uwa | |||
| Mahaifi | Ewuare | ||
| Abokiyar zama | Idia | ||
| Yara |
view
| ||
| Karatu | |||
| Harsuna | Harshen Edo | ||
| Sana'a | |||
| Sana'a |
ruler (en)  | ||
Ozolua, wanda aka fi sani da Okpame kuma daga baya aka fi sani da Ozolua n'Ibaromi (Ozolua the Conqueror), ya kasance Oba na Masarautar Benin daga 1480 har zuwa 1504. Ya fadada Masarautar sosai ta hanyar yaƙi kuma ya kara hulɗa da Daular Portugal. Ya kasance muhimmin Oba a tarihin Masarautar Benin kuma yana da mahimmanci a cikin al'adun gargajiya da bukukuwan yankin.
Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Prince Okpame shi ne na uku kuma ɗan ƙarami ga Ewuare wanda ya faɗaɗa daular Benin sosai a lokacin mulkinsa daga shekara ta 1440 zuwa 1473. Bayan rasuwar Ewuare, an kashe babban ɗansa Esi mai guba da kibiya a lokacin sarautarsa. Babban dansa na biyu, Olua, ya yi mulki tare da gagarumin rashin amincewar gida na tsawon shekaru bakwai.[1] Bayan mulkin ɗan gajeren lokaci na sarauta ta tarin sarakuna, Prince Okpame ya kasance mai suna Oba (a cikin 1480 ko 1483) kuma ya ɗauki sunan Ozolua.[2]
An ayyana mulkinsa ne ta hanyar faɗaɗa daular Benin da sojoji suka yi. Hakan ya hada da nasarar kai hari kan masarautar Owo. Duk da yake bayanan tarihi na yakin sun bambanta, sakamakon ƙarshe ya bar Owo ta sami 'yancin kai yayin da yake buƙatar ya biya Benin.[3] A cikin musayar diflomasiyya da Portuguese, ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya yi nasara a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe sama da 200.[2] Wadannan nasarorin sun ba shi lakabin Ozolua n'Ibarmoi (ko Ozolua the Conqueror) kuma a cikin mutum-mutumi da zane-zane ana nuna shi a matsayin babban jarumi.[1]
iyakantaccen kasuwanci da hulɗa tare da Portuguese sun fara ne a ƙarƙashin mahaifinsa Ewuare, hulɗar ta faɗaɗa sosai a ƙarƙashin Ozolua tare da mai binciken Portuguese John Alfonso d'Aveiro ya shiga babban Birnin Benin City a cikin 1485 kuma yana tare da Ozolua, kodayake bai shiga ba, a yaƙi. Ozolua ya yi sha'awar yiwuwar bindigogi don fadada masarautar amma d'Aveiro ya sanar da shi cewa cinikin bindigogi zai yiwu ne kawai tare da abokan Kirista na Portuguese. sakamakon haka, Ozolua ya aika da jakada zuwa Portugal a farkon shekarun 1500 don ba da shawarar aikin mishan a masarautar da kuma juyowa na sarauta zuwa Kiristanci don musayar cinikayya a cikin bindigogi [4](akalla wata majiya ta nuna cewa shi da kansa ya tafi Portugal a wani lokaci [2]). Portuguese ba su yarda ba, amma sun aika da ƙungiyar masu wa'azi a ƙasashen waje zuwa masarautar a cikin 1514. Masu 'azi a ƙasashen waje ba da daɗewa ba suka tafi, saboda masarautar ba ta da sha'awar Kiristanci sai dai idan an haɗa wannan da sauƙaƙe cinikayya a cikin bindigogi.[1]
Nasara[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ƙarshen mulkin Ozolua yana da alaƙa da wasu muhimman tatsuniyoyi a yankin. An san cewa yana da 'ya'ya maza biyu, Esigie Esigie da Arualan kuma a ƙarshen mulkinsa akwai yaƙi game da maye gurbin sarauta tsakanin' yan uwan biyu kuma Esigie ya zama sabon Oba na Masarautar Benin.[2] Wani sanannen labari ya nuna cewa a lokacin da ya tsufa, Ozolua ya yi kuskuren kiran ɗansa Arhuahan mai mulkin Udo (wani ƙaramin ƙauye a cikin Masarautar) maimakon mai mulkin Edo (ko Benin City, babban birnin Masarautar). ta yaya, rikice-rikice ya kawo 'ya'ya maza biyu cikin yaƙi. A cewar labarin, Arhuahan ya tara karfi mai yawa kuma tare da amincewa sosai ya gaya wa mutanen da suka rage a cikin birni cewa idan ya kasa samun nasara ya kamata su jefa duk abin da yake da shi a cikin tafkin da ke kusa. Yayin da sojojinsa suka tura zuwa Birnin Benin, mazaunin garin da sojojin Esigie sun gudu don kauce wa yaƙi. Arhuahan [5] dawo da takaici cewa ba shi da damar cin nasara kuma mazauna ƙauyen da suka ga dawowarsa da ya yi baƙin ciki sun ɗauka mafi muni kuma sun jefa dukiyarsa cikin tafkin, sai ya bi dukiyarsa ba za a sake ganinsa ba.[5]
Kodayake kafofin sun yarda da ranar ƙarshe na mulkinsa a 1504, ba su yarda da ranar mutuwarsa ba. Hastings yi iƙirarin cewa an tsige shi a cikin 1504 kuma shugabannin soja sun kashe shi lokacin da alkawarin bindigogi bai cika ba. Yawancin sauran kafofin sun mutuwarsa daga dalilai na halitta zuwa 1520.[1][2]
Dubi kuma[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- Ewuare
- Birnin Benin
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozolua#cite_ref-Watson_1-4
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Falola, Toyin (2009). Historical Dictionary of Nigeria. Lanham, Md: Scarecrow Press.
- ↑ Robert Smith (1969). Kingdoms of the Yoruba. Methuen & Co. p. 63.
- ↑ Hastings, Adrian (1994). The Church in Africa, 1450–1950. London: Oxford
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Okpewho, Isidore (1998). Once upon a Kingdom. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.