Sarauta

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Wikidata.svgSarauta
form of government (en) Fassara
Heraldic Royal Crown (Common).svg
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na monarchic system (en) Fassara
Nada jerin list of monarchies (en) Fassara

Sarauta wata hanya ce ta gwamnati wacce mutum, sarki, ke shugabancin kasa na rayuwa ko har sai an yi murabus. Halaccin siyasa da ikon sarki na iya bambanta daga ƙayyadaddun tsarin mulki (sarautar tsarin mulki), zuwa cikakkiyar mulkin kama-karya (cikakkiyar masarautu) kuma tana iya faɗaɗa ko'ina cikin sassan zartarwa, na majalisa da na shari'a.[1]

Magaji na sarakuna a lokuta da yawa ya kasance na gado, sau da yawa yana gina zamanin daular. Duk da haka, zaɓaɓɓun sarakuna da masu kiran kansu ma sun faru. Aristocrats, ko da yake ba na asali ga masarautu ba, sau da yawa suna aiki a matsayin tafkin mutane don zana sarki daga kuma cika cibiyoyin da aka kafa (misali abinci da kotu), suna ba da abubuwa masu yawa na oligarchic.

Sarakuna na iya ɗaukar mukamai iri-iri kamar emperor, empress, sarki, sarauniya, raja, khan, tsar, sultan, shah, ko pharaoh. Sarakunan sarauta na iya samar da ƙungiyoyi, ƙungiyoyi na sirri da dauloli tare da vassals ta hanyar haɗin kai tare da sarki, wanda shine dalili na yau da kullun ga sarakunan da ke ɗauke da lakabi da yawa.

Sarakunan sarauta sune mafi yawan tsarin mulki har zuwa karni na 20, wanda a lokacin jamhuriyoyin sun maye gurbin masarautu da yawa. A yau kasashe arba'in da uku masu iko a duniya suna da sarki, ciki har da dauloli goma sha biyar na Commonwealth wadanda ke da Sarki Charles III a matsayin shugaban kasa.[2] Baya ga haka, akwai kewayon ƙungiyoyin masarautun ƙasa da ƙasa. Yawancin masarautun zamani sun kasance sarakunan tsarin mulki, suna riƙe da tsarin mulki na musamman na doka da na musamman ga sarki, suna ba da iyaka ko rashin ikon siyasa, kama da shugabannin ƙasashe a jamhuriyar majalisa.

Weld-Blundell Prism, wanda aka rubuta tare da Jerin sarakunan Sumerian
Taswirar masarautu da jumhuriya a Turai, 1648


Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. Conrad Phillip Kottak (1991). Cultural Anthropology. McGraw-Hill. p. 124. ISBN 978-0-07-035615-3.
  2. A. Adu Boahen; J. F. Ade Ajayi; Michael Tidy (1986). Topics in West African History. Longman Group. p. 19. ISBN 978-0-582-58504-1.