Shams al-Ma'arif

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Shams al-Ma'arif
Asali
Mawallafi Ahmad al-Buni (en) Fassara
Ƙasar asali Aljeriya
Online Computer Library Center 20121408
Characteristics
Genre (en) Fassara grimoire (en) Fassara
Harshe Larabci

Shams al-Ma'arif ko Shams al-Ma'arif wa Lata'if al-'Awarif, littafi ne na ƙarni na 13 wanda ya ta'allaka kan sihirin Larabci kuma ya yi iƙirarin zama jagora don cimma sihirin Aljanu da ruhi. Ahmad al-Buni ne ya rubuta shi a lokacin da yana zaune a kasar Aljeriya ; ya rasu a shekara ta 1225 miladiyya, 622H (Hijira)[1] Littafin wani ƙunshi ne na bita da guntu na ayyukan al-Buni, da rubutun wasu marubuta duka a ciki. Malamai irin su Ibn Taimiyyah sun soki littafin tare da bayyana al-Buni a matsayin mai bautar shaidan mai ruguza aƙidar sunnah da bin harkokin tsafi tsaface-tsaface.

A tsarin zamani, littafin ya ƙunshi juzu'i biyu; Shams al-Ma'arif al-Kubra (babba) da Shams al-Ma'arif al-Sughra (ƙarami), na farko shi ne mafi girma daga cikin biyun.[2][3] Babikan farko sun gabatar da mai karatu zuwa murabba'i na sihiri, da haɗuwa da lambobi da haruffa waɗanda aka yi imani da su suna kawo tasirin sihiri, wanda marubucin ya yi iƙirarin cewa itace hanya ɗaya take da take bada damar magana da da aljani, mala'iku da rohani. Teburin abubuwan da aka gabatar a cikin bugu na baya da aka buga na aikin ya ƙunshi jerin babi-babi marasa adadi (fasl), waɗanda suka kai adadin 40. Duk da haka, kafin na'urar buga littattafai da wasu ma'auni daban-daban, akwai kundin littattafai masu zaman kansu guda uku da suke yaduwa, kowannensu ya bambanta da tsayi.[4]

A lokacin da littafin ya fara shahara da kuma ƙaurin suna, Musulunci ya haramta amfani da littafin baki ɗaya saboda sihirin da yake ƙunshe a cikin sa. Duk da haka, yana ci gaba da watsuwa, ana karantawa da kuma nazarinsa har zuwa yau, duk da gaskiyar da ke nuni da sihiri da shakku akan littafin da kuma mummunan tasirin suhirin.[5] Wasu daruruwan Sufaye, irin su na Naqshbandi-Haqqani, a wasu lokatan sun gane kimarsu ta ruhi, matukar dai mai karatu ya fahimce ta.

Wani laƙabi na wannan marubucin, wato Manba' Usool al-Hikmah ("Tushen Mahimmancin Hikima"), ana ɗaukar sahabinsa.

Fassara a wasu Harsuna[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Rubutun Aljeriya na Shams al-Ma'arif daga shekarar 1868.

Ko da yake ba a aiwatar da fassarar zuwa Turanci ba, an yi fassarar da yawa na wasu shahararrun al'adun gargajiya da aka samu a cikin babban rubutun, da kuma waɗanda ke cikin rubutun da ke tare da shi. Wadansu daga cikin waɗannan tsaface-tsafaceb sun shahara sosai, amma wanda aka fi ambato da maimatawa a da yawa daga cikin wajajen wallafe-wallafe shine Birhatiya.

A shekarar 2022 an buga wani juzu'in fassarar Turanci ta Amina Inloes ta Revelore Press a matsayin "Shams al-Ma'arif: The Sun of Knowledge na Larabci Grimoire: Fassarar da aka zaɓa"

A shekarar 2023 wani fassarar Turanci na Shams al Ma'arif Johann Voldemont ya buga a matsayin '' Shams al-Ma'arif:Talismans and Magic Squares '' wanda ya fi mayar da hankali kan talismans da wuraren sihiri da ke cikin rubutun. A wajen kasashen Larabawa da yammacin duniya, an buga bugu na littafin a cikin harsunan Urdu da Turkawa.

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. Owen Davies, Grimoires: A History of Magic Books, Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 27
  2. Shamsu al-Ma‘aref al-Kubrah, Al Nour Library, Beirut, Lebanon: 2006.
  3. Shamsu al-Ma‘aref al-Sughra, Al Nour Library, Beirut, Lebanon: 2005.
  4. Francis Maddison, Emilie Savage-Smith, Ralph H. Pinder-Wilson, Tim Stanley, Science, Tools And Magic Vol. 12, Oxford University Press, 1997, p. 65
  5. Gardiner, Noah (2017), Esotericist Reading Communities and the Early Circulation of the Sufi Occultist Aḥmad al-Būnī’s Works, Arabica 64 (2017) 405-441. Brill.