Sufuri a Yammacin Sahara
 Sufuri a Yammacin Sahara | |
|---|---|
transport by country or region (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Facet of (en) | Sufuri da Yammacin Sahara |
| Ƙasa | Moroko |
Harkokin sufuri a Yammacin Sahara yana da iyaka ta teku, hanya da iska tare da raƙuma su ne hanyoyin sufuri na farko a yankin hamada.[1] Titin mota ta bas ya kasance babban hanyar sufuri. Mafi tsayin bel na jigilar kaya a duniya shine 100 kilometres (62 mi) mai tsayi, daga ma'adinan phosphate na Bu Craa zuwa bakin tekun kudu da Laayoune. Belit ɗin yana motsa kusan tan metric ton 2,000 na dutse mai ɗauke da phosphate a kowace sa'a daga ma'adinan zuwa El-Aaiun, inda ake lodawa da jigilar su.
Sassan Yammacin Sahara sun kasance Masarautar Ispaniya har zuwa shekara ta 1975 a matsayin lardin na ƙarshe na mulkin mallaka a Afirka. Yaki ya barke tsakanin wadancan kasashe da kungiyar 'yantar da kasa ta Sahrawi, wato kungiyar Polisario, wacce ta shelanta Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Larabawa Sahrawi (SADR) da gwamnati a gudun hijira a Tindouf na kasar Aljeriya. Mauritania ta janye a shekarar 1979, kuma a ƙarshe Maroko ta sami ikon mallakar yawancin yankunan, ciki har da dukan manyan biranen da albarkatun kasa. An aiwatar da yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya daga shekarar 1997 tsakanin sojojin Polisario da na Morocco.
Jirgin kasan dakon kaya mafi tsayi a duniya, jirgin dakon kaya na jirgin kasa na kasar Mauritania, ya na ratsa kudu maso gabas na yammacin sahara na dan gajeren zango. An kuma dai katse hanyar wucewa ta yammacin Sahara a lokacin yakin da ake yi tsakanin Polisaro da sojojin Morocco kafin a aiwatar da yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta a shekarar 1997.
Fage[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Sassan Yammacin Sahara sun kasance Masarautar Ispaniya har zuwa shekara ta 1975 a matsayin lardin na ƙarshe na mulkin mallaka a Afirka.[2] Yaki ya barke tsakanin wadancan kasashe da kungiyar 'yantar da kasa ta Sahrawi, wato kungiyar Polisario, wacce ta shelanta Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Larabawa Sahrawi (SADR) da gwamnati a gudun hijira a Tindouf na kasar Aljeriya. Mauritania ta janye a shekarar 1979, kuma a ƙarshe Maroko ta sami ikon mallakar yawancin yankunan, ciki har da dukan manyan biranen da albarkatun kasa.[3] An kafa Polisario a shekara ta 1973 don yakar 'yancin Sahawari Larabawa Larabawa. Polisario ya kai hari kan wuraren Morocco sau da yawa kuma ya rama. An ci gaba da gwabza yaki tsakanin Polisario da Maroko kan shahara a yankin da Aljeriya ke marawa Polisario da Amurka da Faransa da Saudiyya ga Maroko.[4] Polisario ya yi nasarar yanke jigilar Phosphorus ta Yammacin Sahara zuwa Tekun Atlantika. Abubuwan da suka shafi sufuri na yankin, ciki har da garuruwan kan iyaka na Maroko, ya shafa a lokacin yake-yake. [5]
Sufurin Jirgin sama[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Yammacin Sahara ba shi da sabis na jirgin ƙasa,[6] ban da 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) sashin layin dogo na Mauritania; wanda (tun bayan rufe Ramin Choum), ya ratsa iyakar kudu maso gabas na yankin. Ana ɗaukar hanyar dogo a matsayin jirgin dakon kaya mafi tsayi a duniya wanda ke da tazarar 437 miles (703 km) .[ana buƙatar hujja]Fasinjojin da ke da tikiti suna tafiya a cikin ƴan motoci yayin da yawancin ƙa'ida ba, wani lokacin da dabbobi, ke hawa saman motocin dakon kaya.[7]
Akwai 6,200 kilometres (3,900 mi) na hanyoyi, wanda 1,126 kilometres (700 mi) suna da ƙarfe. [8] Ƙananan hanyar sadarwa na manyan tituna suna ba da iyakacin haɗin kai na ƙasa. Babban titin N1 babbar hanya ce da ke ratsa gabar tekun Atlantika a kasar. Akwai ƴan hanyoyi a arewa sai kuma hanyoyi guda biyu a kudu waɗanda ke kan N1. Duk sauran hanyoyin na gida ne a cikin garuruwa da garuruwa daban-daban. Ana ɗaukar tukin kan hanya mai haɗari tunda akwai "dubban nakiyoyin da ba a fashe ba" a yankin. An yi amfani da tsare-tsaren tituna a yankin da Aljeriya ta fara don kara tasirinta a yankin.[9] Kamfanoni 4 ne kawai ke da lasisin amfani da motocin bas a Yammacin Sahara wadanda su ne: CTM, Supratours, Satas da Sat; Motocin CTM da Supratours suna da sabis na yau da kullun daga Dakhla zuwa Marrakech ta Laayoune da Agadir.[10]
Sufurin Jirgin kasa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Tun bayan rufe Ramin Choum, a 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) sashe na layin dogo na Mauritania ya ratsa ta Polisario Front yankin da ke iko da Yammacin Sahara (21.354867°N 13.012644°W ).
Tashoshi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Babban tashar jiragen ruwa a yammacin Sahara shine Ad Dakhla ƙananan tashar jiragen ruwa (Port Marchand Lassarga/Port-Îlot) wanda ke a cikin tashar mafaka a kudancin filin jirgin sama, Cabo Bojador ƙananun tashar jiragen ruwa tare da jiragen ruwa masu kamun kifi a cikin ƙasa da Laayoune (El Aaiun) manyan tashoshin ruwa mai zurfi; amfani da tasoshin da ke dauke da phosphate, manyan jiragen ruwa na kamun kifi da jiragen sintiri na soja. Mafi tsayin belt na jigilar kaya a duniya shine 100 kilometres (62 mi) mai tsayi, daga ma'adinan phosphate na Bu Craa zuwa bakin tekun kudu da Laayoune. [11] Belt ɗin yana motsa kusan tan metric ton 2,000 na dutse mai ɗauke da phosphate a kowace sa'a daga ma'adinan zuwa El-Aaiun, inda ake lodawa da jigilar su. [11]
Filayen jiragen sama[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Akwai filayen saukar jiragen sama guda shida, uku tare da lallausan titin jirgi da filaye guda uku da ba a gama ba, sai kuma helipad daya (soja a Cape Bojador). Hassan I Airport, serving El Aaiún (Laâyoune), filin jirgin sama ne na kasa da kasa, amma masu jigilar kaya a filin jirgin sama suna haɗuwa kawai zuwa wuraren yanki (zuwa Maroko ko tsibirin Canary ). Filin jirgin saman Dakhla yana cikin Dakhla kuma yana da jiragen kasuwanci na kasuwanci. Filin jirgin sama na Smara a Smara da La Güera filin jirgin saman La Güera wasu ƙananan filayen jiragen sama ne a Yammacin Sahara.[12]
Duba kuma[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- Jerin filayen jiragen sama a Yammacin Sahara
Sources[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- CIA World Factbook (2010).
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ Pablo San Martin (1 October 2010), Western Sahara: The Refugee Nation , University of Wales Press, p. 28, ISBN 978-0-70-832381-6
- ↑ González Campo, Julio. "Documento de Trabajo núm. 15 DT-2004. Las pretensiones de Marruecos sobre los territorios españoles en el norte de África (1956–2002)" (PDF) (in Spanish). Real Instituto Elcano . p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04.
- ↑ "Report of the Secretary-General on the situation concerning Western Sahara (paragraph 37, p. 10)" (PDF). 2 March 1993. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
- ↑ The Air Force role in low-intensity conflict . DIANE Publishing. 1986. p. 47. ISBN 9781428928275 .
- ↑ Boukhars, Anouar; Roussellier, Jacques,
eds. (2013). Perspectives on Western Sahara:
Myths, Nationalisms, and Geopolitics .
Rowman & Littlefield. p. 18.
ISBN 9781442226869 . (Jacques ed.). Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ "Western Sahara" . Gov.Uk . Retrieved 17 October 2016.
- ↑ Sutter, John D. (26 January 2016). "The 'Normal Train' That Crosses the Sahara" . CNN. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
- ↑ United States. Office of International Marketing; United States. Domestic and International Business Administration (15 June 2009). Market profiles for Africa . Dept. of Commerce, Domestic and International Business Administration, Bureau of International Commerce, Office of International Marketing : for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1976. p. 26.
- ↑ Ammour, Laurence Aida (2014). "The Algerian Foreign Policy on Western Sahara" . In Boukhars, Anouar; Roussellier, Jacques (eds.). Perspectives on Western Sahara: Myths, Nationalisms, and Geopolitics. New York: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9781442226852 .
- ↑ Jacobs, Daniel (2004). Marrakesh . Rough Guides. p. 125. ISBN 9781843533214 .
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Zhang, Sarah (24 April 2014). "The World's Longest Conveyor Belt System Can Be Seen From Space". Gizmodo. Retrieved 16 October 2016.Zhang, Sarah (24 April 2014). "The World's Longest Conveyor Belt System Can Be Seen From Space" . Gizmodo. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
- ↑ "ICAO Location Indicators by State" (PDF). International Civil Aviation Organization. 12 January 2006. Retrieved 11 November 2016.