Tarihin mulkin mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya

Tarihin mulkin mallaka na Arewacin Najeriya

Da farko,shigar Birtaniyya a Arewacin Najeriya ya shafi kasuwanci ne kuma ya shafi fadada Kamfanin Royal Niger Company.Yankunan cikin gida na Kamfanin Royal Niger sun bazu arewa daga inda kogin Neja da kogin Benue suka hade,a Dutsen Patti,Lokoja. Kamfanin ba ya wakiltar barazana kai tsaye ga yawancin Halifancin Sokoto ko kuma yawancin jihohin Arewacin Najeriya. Hakan ya canza ne lokacin da Frederick Lugard da Taubman Goldie suka gindaya wani gagarumin shiri na daidaita al'amuran cikin gida na Najeriya tare da hada ta da sauran daular Burtaniya.

Kariya

Frederick Lugard ya shelanta kariyar Arewacin Najeriya a Ida a Kogi a ranar 1 ga Janairu,1897.Tushen mulkin mallaka shi ne yerjejeniyar Berlin ta 1885,wadda ta bai wa Arewacin Najeriya gabaɗaya ga Biritaniya bisa tushen kariyar da take da shi a Kudancin Najeriya.Ba da jimawa ba aka yi ta fama da Daular Sakkwato mai ƙarfi.Masarautar Kabba,Kotogora da Illorin sune na farko da turawan Ingila suka mamaye.A watan Fabrairun 1903,an kama babban katangar Kano,wurin daular Kano,sannan Sokoto da sauran da yawa daga cikin khalifancinta suka biyo baya ba da jimawa ba.Ranar 13 ga Maris,1903, Babbar Shura ta Khalifancin Sakkwato ta amince da bukatar Lugard.

Lugard ya zama gwamna;tare da karancin kayan aiki,ya gudanar da yankin tare da amincewar sarakunan yankin.Ya yi mulki ne ta hanyar siyasar mulkin kai tsaye, wadda ya ɓullo da ita zuwa ƙayyadaddun ka'idar siyasa.Lugard ya bar kariyar bayan wasu shekaru,yana aiki a Hong Kong, amma daga bisani ya koma aiki a Najeriya,inda ya yanke shawarar hadewar Arewacin Najeriya da Kudancin Najeriya a 1914. Tashin hankali don samun 'yancin kai daga kariyar Kudancin Kudancin daban-daban,duk da haka,ya haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna a cikin 1940s.Kundin tsarin mulkin Richards, wanda aka amince da shi a cikin 1945, ya ba da yancin cin gashin kai ga Arewa. Wannan 'yancin cin gashin kansa daga ƙarshe ya haɗa da fagagen majalisun dokoki na dangantakar kasashen waje da manufofin kwastam.