Tsarin yanayi na duniya

Tsarin yanayi na duniya; tsari ne na duniya wanda ke da nufin dai-daita hulɗar ayyukan ɗan adam da tsarin yanayin duniya, don rage sauyin yanayi a duniya. Tsarin irin wannan tsarin ya samo asali ne daga Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Sauyin yanayi ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, ko UNFCCC a takaice.

Tarihi

Bayan da aka amince da yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan sauyin yanayi a shekarar 1992, wadda ta kafa makasudin kaucewa tsoma baki mai hatsarin gaske ga tsarin yanayi na duniya, kokarin shawarwarin gwamnatoci ya mayar da hankali wajen aiwatar da wannan buri. Sakamakon farko da aka daure bisa doka shine Yarjejeniyar Kyoto wadda aka amince da ita a shekarar 1997 kuma ta fara aiki a shekarar 2005, tare da lokacin da ta fara aiki daga 2008 zuwa 2012. Ranar ƙarshe na 2009 don cimma yarjejeniyar bayan-Kyoto, wanda aka kafa a COP13 a Bali a 2007 ya ɓace, kuma tun daga ƙarshen 2012, raguwar hayaki na son rai daga yarjejeniyar Copenhagen ya zama tsarin mulkin sauyin yanayi na duniya.

A cikin 2015, an rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Paris, wanda ke tabbatar da matsayinsa na tsarin yanayi na duniya. Yana buƙatar ƙasashe su ba da gudummawar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun tsarin tsare-tsare don rage hayaƙin hayaki, da sabunta tsare-tsarensu duk bayan shekaru biyar a hannun jarin duniya. A karkashin tsarin sauyin yanayi na birnin Paris, dukkan kasashe sun rattaba hannu kan manufar daidaita ma'auni tsakanin tushe da kuma nitsewar iskar gas a rabin na biyu na karni na 21. Manufar ita ce ta riƙe haɓakar yanayin zafi zuwa "ƙasa" digiri 2 na ma'aunin celcius, da kuma "ƙoƙarin ƙoƙarin iyakance yawan zafin jiki zuwa 1.5°C sama da matakan masana'antu."

Acikin 2021, a taron Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya kan sauyin yanayi na 2021, an rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar sauyin yanayi ta Glasgow, wanda a ƙarƙashinta ƙasashe suka amince su "saukar da" amfani da Kwal tareda ɗaukar wasu matakai don bunkasa buri da rage fitar da hayaki.

Batutuwa

Acikin ƙarnin daya gabata ƙaruwar yawan iskar gas kamar carbon dioxide, methane da nitrousoxide sun kafa bargo acikin yanayi, suna haifar da tasirin greenhouse. Ɗumi-ɗumin ya kawo wasu muhimman batutuwa. Ƙanƙarar Arctic yana narkewa, wanda ke haifarda ƙaruwar yawan zafin dake riƙe a sandunan duniya. Sarke dazuzzuka, ko da gangan ko ta hanyar wutar daji, yana shafar yanayin tace iska. Hakanan yana rage albedo saman ƙasa, yana haɓɓaka yanayin zafi a duniya. Acikin shekaru goman da suka gabata an sami canje-canje da yawa a yanayin yanayi, kamar yawancin ranakun zafi da darare waɗanda ba'a saba yin sanyi ba da daddare. Fari ya zama ruwan dare a wasu yankunan, yayin da ruwan sama ya ƙaru a wasu.

Shawarwari

Shawarwari don tsarin yanayin yanayi na duniya sun haɗa da:

• Kwangila da Haɗuwa
• Haqqoqin Ci gaban Greenhouse
• Kafa kuma Share
• Shawarar Nishimura na kasuwar iskar carbon ta duniya
• Hanyar Budget na WBGU
• Kyoto2
• Duniya Atmospheric Trust
• Tsarin Takaddar Yanayi na Duniya