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Babban cocin Enda Mariam, Asmara

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Babban cocin Enda Mariam, Asmara
Asmara: A Modernist African City
Wuri
Ƴantacciyar ƙasaEritrea
Region of Eritrea (en) FassaraMaekel Region (en) Fassara
BirniAsmara
Coordinates 15°20′23″N 38°56′39″E / 15.339806°N 38.944173°E / 15.339806; 38.944173
Map
History and use
Opening1938
Addini Cocin Orthodox na Eritrea
Suna Maryamu, mahaifiyar Yesu
Karatun Gine-gine
Style (en) Fassara modern architecture (en) Fassara
rationalism (en) Fassara
Heritage

Babban cocin Enda Mariam (Tigrinya: ቤተ-Kiristaniyan kamar Maryamu) cocin Orthodox ne na Asiriya a Asmara, kasar Eritrea. Babban cocin yana kan titin Arbate Asmara.

Suna

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin yaren Tigrinya enda (እንዳ) na nufin "wurin, mazaunin (wani abu, mutum, da sauransu)". Don haka, idan aka haɗe shi da wani suna, yana nuna tsarin da ke da alaƙa da wancan. Don haka enda bani (burodi) na nufin gidan burodi, enda afras (dawakai) na nufin barga, enda dewel (kararrawa) na nufin hasumiyar coci ko kuma belfry, enda tseba (madara) na nufin kiwo.[1] Mariam (ማርያም) tana nufin Maryamu. Har ila yau ana kiran cocin Kidisti Mariam (Saint Mary).[2]

Siffantarwa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Cocin (a cikin tsarin katako mai sauƙi) ya kasance a Asmara tun ƙarshen ƙarni na 19. A farkon 1930s, gwamnan Italia na Asmara ya ba da umarnin ƙirƙirar ingantaccen tsari tare da kayan gini na zamani kuma ƙarƙashin kulawar masu zanen Italiya.

A cikin salon sa na yau da kullun/mai ra'ayin zamani, cocin ya faro ne daga 1938, lokacin da wani masanin gine-ginen Italiya wanda ba a san shi ba,[3] ya ƙara ɓangarorin sama na hasumiyoyin biyu masu faɗi da kuma kula da faɗade na zamani zuwa fasalin 1920 wanda Ernesto Gallo ya tsara.[2][3][4] Sanarwar ta 1920 an kuma danganta ta ga Odoardo Cavagnari,[5] wanda ya tsara gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Asmara da tashar sabis na Asmara na gaba na Fiat Tagliero,[6] kuma wanda shi ne Shugaban Ayyuka na Asmara.[7]

Dukansu manyan bangarorin biyu da kuma manyan hasumiyar murabba'i masu kangado wadanda suka tallafeta an gina su ne a cikin wasu yadudduka na tubali da dutse, suna yin kwatankwacin yadudduka na itace da dutse na gine-ginen Aksumite, dabarar da aka yi amfani da ita tsawon ƙarnika a tsaunukan Eritriya. An sanya katako masu goyan bayan katako a cikin waɗannan gine-ginen "taken biri".[4][8][9]

Cocin kafin lokacin tarawa na Italia

Siffofin da suka gabata

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A bayanansa na ziyarar da Eritrea da gwamnatin Italia, Ferdinando Martini ta aika zuwa Eritrea a 1891 bisa laákari da irin halin rashin mutuncin da yake da shi game da duk al'amuran da suka shafi ''Abisiniya'' na asali, ya bayyana cocin da ke Asmara a lokacin da ba shi da mutunci kamar na bukkoki na ciyawa a gonakin Italiyanci.[10] Buga na huɗu (1896) na littafinsa ya haɗa da hoto na cocin,[11] tsawonsa ya kai mita bakwai, tare da bangon gargajiyar "kan biri" da rufin soro wanda ƙarancin katangar ta goyi bayan abin da yake gaban bangon.

Wani hoto na 1922 na cocin da hasumiyoyinsa guda biyu a cikin sifarsu ta 1920[12] ya nuna cewa a lokacin ba shi da wata alama ta zamani, ta Turai.

Sauran manyan gine-ginen addini

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Gidan Enda Mariam tare da, a bango, hasumiyar kararrawa na Cocin Uwargidanmu na Rosary da kuma minaret na Babban Masallacin Kulafah Al Rashidan

Yana daya daga cikin shahararrun wuraren tarihi na addini guda uku a cikin garin, sauran kuma sune: Cocin Uwargidanmu na Rosary da kuma Babban Masallacin Kulafah Al Rashidan.[13]

Bukin shekara-shekara

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ana yin bikin Nigdet na cocin (bikin addini) na Maryamu a ranar 30 Nuwamba (1 ga Disamba idan shekara mai zuwa ta Miladiyya shekara ce ta tsalle).[14]

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ "Tigrinya-English English-Tigrinya Dictionary" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-10-20. Retrieved 2021-07-23.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Eritrean Ministry of Information, "History of Saint Mary Church"". Archived from the original on 2017-08-28. Retrieved 2021-07-23.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Sean Anderson, Modern Architecture and its Representation in Colonial Eritrea: An In-visible Colony, 1890-1941 (Routledge 2016), Illustration 2.34 08033994793.ABA
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Edward Denison, Edward Paice, Eritrea: The Bradt Travel Guide (Bradt Travel Guides 2007), p. 117 08033994793.ABA
  5. ↑ Fidelity House, "Guida di Asmara"
  6. ↑ The Guardian, "Asmara's Fiat Tagliero service station: a history of cities in 50 buildings, day 18"
  7. ↑ Edward Denison, Edward Paice, Eritrea: The Bradt Travel Guide (Bradt Travel Guides 2007), p. 84 08033994793.ABA
  8. ↑ Lonely Planet Ethiopia & Eritrea. Matt Phillips, Jean-Bernard Carillet - 2006 -1741044367 Page 315 "Another outstanding monument, the Enda Mariam Orthodox Cathedral (Map p311 ; Arbate Asmara St), to the east, was built in 1938 and is a curious blend of Italian and Eritrean architecture. Its central block is flanked by large square towers"
  9. ↑ Africa Research Institute, "Modernist architecture in Asmara, Eritrea
  10. ↑ Ferdinando Martini, Nell'Africa Italiana: Impressioni e Ricordi, fourth (illustrated) edition, 1896, p. 102
  11. ↑ Chiesa abissina all'Asmara
  12. ↑ Ande Mariam in 1922
  13. ↑ "Religious sites of Asmara (1)". asmera.nl. Retrieved 26 April 2015.
  14. ↑ "Asmara Eritrea (Nigdet)- November 30th 2005". Asmera.nl. Retrieved 30 April 2015.[permanent dead link]
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