Biu Plateau

Manyan fasalin yanayin kasa kusa da layin Kamaru

Biu Plateau yanki ne mai tsauni a Arewa maso Gabashin Najeriya mai dauke da tsaunuka da yawa da suka mutu kwanan nan. Ya ƙunshi kusan 5,200 square kilometres (2,000 sq mi) kuma yana da matsakaicin tsayi na 700 metres (2,300 ft) . Filin da ke tsakanin Basin Benue ta Kudu da tafkin Chadi a arewa. Babban maki shine Wade Hill a 775 metres (2,543 ft) sama da matakin teku da Wiga Hill, sama da 800 metres (2,600 ft) . Filin tudu shi ne tushen magudanan ruwa da yawa na kogin Gongola, wadanda suka yanke kwazazzabai masu zurfi. A arewacin kasar tudu ta gangara a hankali zuwa filayen Bauchi da tafkin Chadi.

Akwai shaidar farkon ayyukan volcanic a yankin a lokacin Cretaceous, wanda ya ƙare kimanin shekaru miliyan 66 da suka wuce. Duk da haka, an gina tudun dutsen a kusa da ƙarshen Miocene, kuma yawancin duwatsun sune Pliocene basalts waɗanda suka tashi daga ƙananan huluna ko fissures, sa'an nan kuma yada a cikin wani bakin ciki Layer a kan wurare masu fadi. An ci gaba da aiki a cikin Quaternary tare da kwararan bakin ciki na lava da ke fitowa daga ƙananan mazugi na cinder tare da cika kwaruruka. Yawancin basalt sun kasance tsakanin shekaru miliyan 7 zuwa 2 da suka wuce, amma wasu ba su wuce shekaru miliyan ba. Dutsen ya ƙunshi ƙananan mazugi na pyroclastic da yawa waɗanda fashe-fashe ke haifarwa lokacin da ruwa ya shiga ƙasa kuma ya haɗu da sabon lava. Akwai adadin mazugi masu aman wuta da ke tashi sama da Plateau tare da axis na NNW-SSE a cikin yankin dutsen na Miringa.

Wasu masana kimiyyar kasa sun yi la'akari da cewa ayyukan aman wuta a yankin Biu Plateau na da alaka da ayyukan da ake yi a layin Kamaru da ke kudu.

• Biu, Nigeria
• Biu Emirate