Dala Modu Dumbuya

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Dala Modu Dumbuya
Rayuwa
Haihuwa Sumbuya (en) Fassara, 1770
Mutuwa 1841
Sana'a
Sana'a Ɗan kasuwa da mai aikin fassara

Dala Modu ya kasance muhimmin ɗan kasuwa Susu ɗan Saliyo kuma mai fassara tsakanin Gwamnatin Mulkin Mallaka ta Biritaniya da sarakunan cikin gida a farkon shekarun da suka gabata na mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya a Saliyo. Yunkurin nasa ya taimaka wajen warware rigingimu da dama tsakanin ‘yan mulkin mallaka da na cikin gida. An inganta sunan sa a matsayin babban jami'in kasuwanci a cikin wannan tsari, kuma ya gina fitattun al'ummar Soso a kusa da Lungi a cikin kasar Kafu Bullom.

Ƙuruciya[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An haifi Dala Modu a cikin 1770 a Wonkafong, Sumbuya kusa da Conakry, Guinea a cikin dangin 'yan kasuwa. Mahaifinsa, Fenda Modu, ya kasance mai ba wa Sarkin Sumbuya shawara kuma shugaban Wonkafong. Ko da yake an haife shi a Guinea, ya girma a Freetown. Dala Modu ya fara zuwa Freetown yana da shekaru hudu, tare da mahaifinsa a shekara ta 1774. Da yake son haɓaka hulɗar kasuwanci da sabon mulkin mallaka, Fenda Modu ya aika dansa Dala Modu tare da mabiya hamsin a 1795 don ya zauna a bayan garin Freetown. Garin Dala Modu ya gina a wurin, wanda aka sa masa suna Dalamodiya, cikin sauri ya zama cibiyar kasuwanci, kuma ya zama mallakin ’yan kasuwa da dama daga ciki, galibi ‘yan kabilarsa ta Soso.[1] Dala Modu ya samu maraba daga Birtaniya, wadanda kuma suke da sha'awar bunkasa kasuwanci tare da cikin gida wanda rayuwar mulkin mallaka ya dogara a kai. A Freetown Dala Modu ya koyi Turanci kuma ya yi nazarin tsarin kuɗaɗen mulkin mallaka da nauyi da ma'auni.

Sana'a[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Harkokin kasuwanci na Dala Modu sun yi yawa sosai, wanda ya hada da jami'an mulkin mallaka, na Turai da Afirka, da kuma 'yan kasuwa na gida, wadanda ya zama wakilinsu. Ya zama mai gida na farko ga ’yan kasuwa masu zuwa daga cikin gida mai nisa, yana ba su shawarwari da taimako kan yadda za su sami mafi kyawun kayan kasuwancinsu a cikin mulkin mallaka.[1] A cikin wannan tsari, ya sami kusanci da ƴan kasuwan Freetown waɗanda ya umurci ƴan kasuwan cikin gida.

Dala Modu ya zama wakilin gida ga kamfanin Turai na Macaulay da Babington a shekarar 1826. Wakilin Bature na wannan Kamfani, Kenneth Macaulay, na kusa da Dala Modu lokacin da ya zama gwamna a wannan shekarar. Modu ya shirya sarewa da sarrafa katako na kamfanin daga sansaninsa da ke Madina a gabar tekun Bullom, inda ya ke zaune tun shekara ta 1806. An yi haka ne da ɗimbin ɗimbin aikin hidima da ya ajiye a can. Domin a shekarar 1826 kadai, ya karɓi £1,000 a matsayin biyan kuɗi. A cikin shekarar 1834, yawancin 'yan kasuwa na zinariya daga cikin gida sun zo a lokacin mulkin mallaka ta hanyarsa, suna kawo masa dukiya mai yawa a cikin kuɗin dillali.[2]

Dala Modu ya yi amfani da dukiyarsa da huldar kasuwancinsa wajen gina wa kansa wani babban matsayi a alaka tsakanin jami’an mulkin mallaka da sarakunan cikin gida. An taimaka masa a cikin wannan ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar danginsa mai ƙarfi a yankunan Kogin Arewa (arewacin Scarcies), inda danginsa suka mallaki sassan manyan tsibiran kasuwanci. Wadannan sun zo da amfani a cikin yarjejeniyoyin dakatarwa da ya yi shawarwari a shekarun 1818 da 1825 tare da gwamnatin mulkin mallaka, wadda ke da sha'awar yin amfani da waɗannan tsibiran, kamar Matacong da Isles de Los, a matsayin ofisoshin kwastam.

Amma babu shakka halayen Dala Modu na diflomasiyya sun taka rawa sosai wajen samun nasarar da ya samu. Tun a shekara ta 1802, jim kadan bayan tawayen Nova Scotian mazauna yankin, Dala Modu ya taka rawar gani wajen shawo kan sarakunan Mandinka da su janye goyon bayansu ga 'yan tawaye da kuma mika jagororin masu tayar da kayar baya ga Birtaniya. Amma, a shekarar 1806, an zarge shi da cinikin bayi da wasu tuhume-tuhume. Lokacin da aka kira shi don amsa wadannan tuhume-tuhumen, ya bayyana a cikin rigunan musulmi maimakon rigar Turawa da ya saba sawa a Freetown. Hakan ya fusata mahukuntan Burtaniya, inda suka kori shi daga mulkin mallaka. Daga nan Dala Modu ya koma Madina da ke gabar tekun Bullom inda ya ci gaba da harkokinsa na kasuwanci. A nan ne ya gina al’ummar Sosso da ‘yan cirani da suka fito daga ciki. Dala Modu haka ne saboda yadda ya dace Sarkin Kafu Bullom da Loko Masama, amma tasirinsa ya kai har yankunan Port Loko. A gaskiya ma, ya zama mai mulkin Rokon a kan Rokel a shekarar 1837.

Ba da daɗewa ba gwamnatin mulkin mallaka a Freetown ta gane cewa tana buƙatar ayyukan Dala Modu don magance rikice-rikice a cikin gida. Daga shekarar 1818, lokacin da ya shirya tsagaitawar tsibirin de Los zuwa Burtaniya, ya fara samun biyan kuɗi na shekara-shekara daga wurinsu. Tsakanin shekarun 1820 zuwa 1841, Dala Modu ya shirya tattaunawar zaman lafiya a lokuta da dama don sasanta rikice-rikicen cikin gida da gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ke jin tana hana kasuwanci. Waɗannan sun haɗa da tawaye a arewacin Rokel a shekarar 1835, da yaƙin Temne / Loko a 1836. Duk da cewa bai yi jituwa da wasu daga cikin gwamnonin ba, amma wadanda suka gaje shi sun yi gaggawar gane darajarsa tare da yin kasuwanci da shi. Gwamna Henry Dundas Campbell ya ziyarce shi a shekara ta shekarar 1835 kuma hankalinsa da salon rayuwa ya burge shi.

A lokacin da Dala Modu ya rasu, an yanka sama da shanu tamanin a lokacin bikin jana’izar sa, wanda ya samu halartar jami’an Birtaniya da na Afirka daga turawan mulkin mallaka da kuma sarakunan yankin da dama daga ciki. Dala Modu na daga cikin ’yan kasuwa na farko da suka fara cin gajiyar sabbin damar kasuwanci da suka taso bayan kawar da cinikin bayi.

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. 1.0 1.1 Skinner, David E. (2004). "Alimami Dala Muhammadu Dumbuya [Dala Modu] (c.1760– 1841)" . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi :10.1093/ref:odnb/55662 . Retrieved 2015-02-14. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  2. Skinner, David E. (2004). "Alimami Dala Muhammadu Dumbuya [Dala Modu] (c.1760– 1841)" . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi :10.1093/ref:odnb/55662 . Retrieved 2015-02-14. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)