Daulolin Kasar Sin A Tarihi
 Daulolin Kasar Sin A Tarihi | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
Daular, historical period (en)  da Al'ada |
| Nada jerin |
list of Chinese dynasties (en) |
 |
Wannan mukalar bata da Reference (Manazarta) ko daya, ka taimaka ta hanyar samar da Manazarta daga littafi ko yanar gizo, duba wannan shafin domin samun masaniya akan yanda zaka samar da Reference (Manazarta) a cikin wannan mukalar.
 . |
Dauloli ƙasar Sin da dama sun yi mulkin kasar Sin a tarihin ta. Kasar Sin wata al'umma ce da ke da dogon tarihi. Wannan tarihin ya shafi daulolin da suka mulke ta. Sannu a hankali sun canza kasar Sin zuwa yanayin da take a yanzu.
Dauloli
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]| Dynasty | Rulers | Ruling House or Clan | Years | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Chinese | Pinyin | Meaning | ||||
| Three Sovereigns and the Five Emperors | 三皇五帝 | Sān Huáng Wǔ Dì | As English | (list) | various | 2852-2070 BC | 782 |
| Xia Dynasty | 夏 | Xià | Summer | (list) | Sì (姒) | 2070–1600 BC | 470 |
| Shang Dynasty | 商 | Shāng | Toponym | (list) | Zǐ (子) | 1600–1029 BC | 571 |
| Western Zhou Dynasty | 西周 | Xī Zhōu | Toponym | (list) | Jī (姬) | 1029–771 BC | 275 |
| Eastern Zhou Dynasty Traditionally divided into |
東周 / 东周
|
Dōng Zhōu Chūnqiū Zhànguó |
Toponym
|
(list)
|
Jī (姬)
|
770–256 BC
|
514
|
| Qin Dynasty | 秦 | Qín | Unknown, Possibly Toponym | (list) | Yíng (嬴) | 221–206 BC | 15 |
| Western Han Dynasty | 西漢 / 西汉 | Xī Hàn | Toponym | (list) | Liú (劉 / 刘) | 206 or 202 BC–9 AD, 23-25 AD | 215 |
| Xin Dynasty | 新 | Xīn | "New" | (list) | Wáng (王) | 9–23 AD | 14 |
| Eastern Han Dynasty | 東漢 / 东汉 | Dōng Hàn | Toponym | (list) | Liú (劉 / 刘) | 25–220 | 195 |
| Three Kingdoms | 三國 / 三国 | Sān Guó | As English | (list) | Cáo (曹) Liú (劉 / 刘) Sūn (孫 / 孙) |
220–265 or 280 | 45 |
| Western Jin Dynasty | 西晉 / 西晋 | Xī Jìn | Ducal title | (list) | Sīmǎ (司馬 / 司马) | 265–317 | 52 |
| Eastern Jin Dynasty | 東晉 / 东晋 | Dōng Jìn | Ducal title | (list) | Sīmǎ (司馬 / 司马) | 317–420 | 103 |
| Southern and Northern Dynasties | 南北朝 | Nán Běi Cháo | As English | (list) | various | 386 or 420–589 | 169 |
| Sui Dynasty | 隋 | Suí | Ducal title (随 homophone) |
(list) | Yáng (楊 / 杨) | 581–618 | 37 |
| Tang Dynasty | 唐 | Táng | Ducal title | (list) | Lǐ (李) | 618–907 | 289 |
| Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms | 五代十國 / 五代十国 | Wǔ Dài Shí Guó | As English | (list) | various | 907–960 | 53 |
| Kingdom of Dali | 大理国 | Dàlǐ Guó | Toponym | (list) | Duan (段) | 937–1253 | 316 |
| Northern Song Dynasty | 北宋 | Běi Sòng | Toponym | (list) | Zhào (趙 / 赵) | 960–1127 | 167 |
| Southern Song Dynasty | 南宋 | Nán Sòng | Toponym | (list) | Zhào (趙 / 赵) | 1127–1279 | 152 |
| Liao Dynasty | 遼 / 辽 | Liáo | "Vast" or "Iron" (Khitan homophone) |
(list) | Yelü ( ; 耶律)
|
907 or 916–1125 | 209 |
| Jin Dynasty | 金 | Jīn | "Gold" | (list) | Wanggiyan (  ; 完顏 / 完颜)
|
1115–1234 | 119 |
| Western Xia | 西夏 | Xī Xià | Toponym | (list) | Li ( ; 李)
|
1038–1227 | 189 |
| Yuan Dynasty | 元 | Yuán | "Great" or "Primacy" | (list) | Borjigin (ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ; 孛兒只斤 / 孛儿只斤) |
1271–1368 | 97 |
| Ming Dynasty | 明 | Míng | "Bright" | (list) | Zhū (朱) | 1368–1644 or 1662 | 276 |
| Qing Dynasty | 清 | Qīng | "Pure" or "Gold" (Manchu homophone) |
(list) | Aisin Gioro ( ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠨ ᡤᡳᠣᡵᠣ}; 愛新覺羅 / 爱新觉罗) |
1636 or 1644–1911 | 268 |
Daular Xia
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Daular Xia ta kasance daga shekarar 2070 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa zuwa 1600 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa. Wannan ita ce sarautar mulki ta farko a tarihin ƙasar Sin. Wataƙila Sarki Yu mai girma ne ya ƙirƙiro Xia. Ba a san tabbas ba ko da gaske ne daular Xia ta wanzu. Mutane da yawa suna tunanin cewa daular Xia almara ce kawai. Wannan kuwa ya faru ne saboda babu wata shaidar da za ta iya tabbatar da cewa akwai wasu dauloli kafin 1600 BC. An sami wasu ramukan haƙa na abubuwan tarihi daga 1500 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa wanda zai iya fitowa daga daular Xia. Misali ɗaya daga cikin ramukan ya sa masu binciken kayan tarihi sun yi imani da cewa an ƙirƙiro tushen Sin a zamanin daular Xia. Haka nan akwai abubuwan da aka gano na tsohuwar kalandar China da ake kira kalandar wata. Daular Xia ta ƙare da wata daula mai suna Shang.
Daular Shang
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Daular Shang ta kasance daga 1600 Kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa zuwa 1046 BC. Ya fara ne lokacin da Tang ya karɓi iko daga Sarkin Xia na ƙarshe, Jie. Daular ta ƙare tare da kashe Di Xin .
Daular Shang tana da muhimmanci ga al'adun Sinawa. A farko Sin hali fonts da aka halitta a wannan lokaci. Sunan ya fi amfani da masu gani da shaman. Mutane sun yi nasu tasoshin na al'ada, kayan aikin gona da na fasaha har ma da makamai.An yi komai da tagulla.
A harkar noma, ,gero, alkama da shinkafa su ne manyan amfanin gona. An kuma girma mulberries. An yi amfani da su don ciyar da silkworms na mulberry.
Daular Zhou
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Daular Zhou ta kasance daga 1045 KZ zuwa 256 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa. Shangs sun zama masu rauni saboda koyaushe suna faɗa da kabilu maƙwabta. Wannan ya yi kyau ga Zhou mai ƙarancin cigaba. Sun ci Shang a garin An-yang na yanzu . Bayan haka, daular Zhou ta dauki gwamnati . Sun yi mulki na tsawon lokaci na dukkan daulolin ƙasar Sin.
Zhous makiyaya ne daga lardin Shanxi. Sarakunan daular Zhou sun raba kasar zuwa ƙananan yankuna hudu. Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan yankuna an sarrafa shi ta dangi da membobin aristocracy. Sarakuna suna sarrafa garuruwa masu garu tare da asalin manoma. Sun kuma taimaki masu mulki a lokutan yaki. Wannan tsarin gwamnati ya ba sarakunan Zhou damar sarrafa karin yanki.
Bayanan kula
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Kwamitin Edita na Littafin Jagora na China, Jerin Littafin Jagora na China: Tarihi (trans., Dun J. Li), Beijing, 1982, 188-89; da Shao Chang Lee, "Ci gaban Al'adun China" (ginshiƙin bango), East Lansing, 1984.
- Jami'ar Columbia. Waƙar daular da aka rera waƙar "Frère Jacques" wacce ke maimaita manyan daulolin China a cikin tsari..