Hukumar Daidaito da Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam

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Hukumar Daidaito da Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam
non-departmental public body (en) Fassara da Hukumar kare hakkin ɗan Adam
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Tambarin Hukumar daidaito da kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam

Hukumar Daidaito da Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam ( EHRC ) ƙungiya ce ta jama'a mai zaman kanta a Ingila da Wales, wacce Dokar Daidaito ta shekarar 2006 ta kafa tare da tasiri daga 1 Oktoban shekara ta 2007. Hukumar tana da alhakin haɓakawa da aiwatar da daidaito da dokokin rashin nuna bambanci a ƙasar Ingila, Scotland da Wales. Ta dauki nauyin hukumar daidaita kabilanci, da daidaitattun damammaki da hukumar kare hakkin nakasa . Har ila yau EHRC tana da alhakin wasu sassa na dokar daidaito: shekaru, yanayin jima'i da addini ko imani. Cibiyar kare hakkin ɗan adam ta ƙasa, tana neman haɓakawa da kare haƙƙin ɗan adam a Ingila da Wales.[1][2][3]

EHRC tana da ofisoshi a Manchester, London, Glasgow da Cardiff . Kungiyar jama'a ce mai zaman kanta (NDPB) wacce Ofishin Daidaitowar Gwamnati ke daukar nauyinta, wani ɓangare na ofishin majalisar zartarwa . Ya bambanta da kuma mai zaman kansa daga Gwamnati amma yana da alhakin amfani da kuɗaɗen jama'a. Ministan mata da daidaito ne ke naɗa kwamishinonin sa.

Ayyukan EHRC ba su ƙara zuwa Ireland ta Arewa ba, inda akwai Hukumar Daidaito ta dabam (ECNI) da Hukumar Kare Haƙƙin Dan Adam (NIHRC), kowannensu da duka an kafa su a ƙarƙashin Dokar Arewacin Ireland ta 1998 bisa ga yarjejeniyar Belfast/Good Jumma'a .[ana buƙatar hujja]

Shugaban EHRC na yanzu shine Kishwer Falkner, Baroness Falkner na Margravine, wanda ya ɗauki aikin a cikin Disambar shekara ta 2020.

An soki Hukumar kan yadda take mu’amala da ma’aikatan da ba su da yawa, kuma tun a shekara ta 2021 saboda ayyukan da take yi a al’amuran da suka shafi maza da mata.[4]

Iko[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

EHRC tana samun ikonta daga Dokar Daidaitawa ta 2006, wacce ta samo asali daga farar takarda na gwamnati, Adalci ga Duka: Sabon Hukumar Daidaito da Haƙƙin Dan Adam . Sashe na 3 ya ce EHRC tana da haƙƙin gama gari na yin aiki don ci gaban al'umma da aka samo asali da daidaito. Ana ɗaukar wannan ma'ana,

(a) Ƙarfin mutane don cimma burinsu bai iyakance ta hanyar son zuciya ko wariya ba, (b) akwai mutuntawa da kare haƙƙin kowane mutum (ciki har da mutunta mutunci da kimar kowane mutum). (c) kowane mutum yana da damar da ya dace don shiga cikin kuma (d) akwai mutunta juna tsakanin al'ummomi bisa fahimta da kimar bambancin da kuma mutunta daidaito da 'yancin ɗan adam.

Sashi na 30 yana ƙarfafa ikon EHRC na neman sake duba shari'a da kuma shiga cikin shari'ar kotu, ta hanyar ba da tanadin doka na doka don irin wannan matakin. Sashe na 31-2 yana baiwa EHRC sabon iko don tantance yadda hukumomin jama'a ke bi da ayyukansu na daidaito. Yana iya ba da "sanarwa na yarda" idan ta gano wata hukuma ta jama'a tana gazawa a ayyukanta. Hukumomin jama'a, mahimmanci, suna daure a ƙarƙashin Dokar 'Yancin Dan Adam 1998 don yin aiki a hanyar da ta dace da Yarjejeniyar Turai kan Haƙƙin Dan Adam (s.6 HRA). Don haka aikin EHRC na daya ne na kama al’amura kafin a kai ga kotu. Don haka idan kuna aiki da ma'aikacin jama'a (kamar karamar hukuma ko ma'aikacin gwamnati) akwai ƙarin hanyoyin aiwatar da daidaiton daidaito a cikin fifikonku. [ sautin ] Wannan na iya ze ɗan ban mamaki, [ sautin ] la'akari da cewa ana nuna ma'aikata na jama'a akai-akai suna da kyawawan halaye na wurin aiki. Sashe na 30(3) na Dokar Daidaito ta 2006 ya baiwa EHRC damar kawo kararrakin bitar shari'a a ƙarƙashin HRA akan hukumomin gwamnati. Wannan kayan aiki ne mafi ƙarfi fiye da yadda aka saba, saboda EHRC ba ta ƙarƙashin abin da ake buƙata na yau da kullun na zama “wanda aka azabtar” na take haƙƙin ɗan adam. [5]

Ƙarƙashin sashe na 24, EHRC na iya shiga yarjejeniyar ɗaure tare da ma'aikata. Don haka alal misali, yana iya yarda cewa ma'aikaci zai ƙaddamar da daidaiton mafi kyawun aikin duba ko kuma guje wa ayyukan nuna wariya waɗanda zai iya ganowa, a madadin rashin bincike (mummunan abu ga tallan ma'aikata). Yana iya aiwatar da waɗannan yarjejeniyoyin ta hanyar umarni. A baya kawai Hukumar Kare Haƙƙin nakasassu ne ke da irin waɗannan iko, CRE da EOC sun fi iyaka. [6]


Akwai wasu matsaloli dangane da Dokar Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta 1998 tare da ikon EHRC. Idan zai zama "bincike mai suna" (watau mai yiwuwa ma'aikacin zai ji kunya da buga sunansa yayin bincike), EHRC ba za ta iya fara bincike kan wata hukuma ta gwamnati ba saboda karya a ƙarƙashin HRA. Har ila yau, ba zai iya tallafawa shari'o'in mutum ɗaya a cikin kotuna da kotuna ba inda batun zai shafi al'amuran da suka faɗo a ƙarƙashin HRA kawai kuma ba a ƙarƙashin wasu dokokin daidaitawa na Biritaniya ba (kamar Dokar Wariyar Jima'i 1975 ). A zahiri wannan zai zama matsala, ba ko kaɗan ba domin idan da'awar ta kasance ƙarƙashin HRA, dokokin Biritaniya waɗanda ba su rufe irin waɗannan matsalolin yawanci ana sabunta su don cika haƙƙin Yarjejeniyar Turai (waɗannan su ne HRA ke aiwatarwa). Har ila yau, layin da ke tsakanin abin da ke cikin Yarjejeniyar Turai, abin da ainihin dokokin cikin gida ya rufe, yana da wuya a zana. Ko ta yaya, sashe na 28 ya bai wa Ministan ikon ba da izini ga batun nuna wariya idan batun dokokin cikin gida ya janye, amma batun kare hakkin dan Adam kawai ya rage.[7]

A matsayinsa na magaji, sabbin iko na EHRC ba su da ban mamaki. Wasu mutane  ya yi kira ga sauye-sauyen su ci gaba, alal misali, don ba da damar EHRC ta gabatar da shari'a a kan masu daukar ma'aikata da sunan ta kan kowane batu (ba kawai 'yancin ɗan adam ba). [8]

Matsayin duniya[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ko da yake tana aiki a matakin ƙasa, an amince da EHRC a cikin shekara ta 2009 a matsayin memba na cibiyar sadarwa ta duniya na cibiyoyin kare haƙƙin ɗan adam na duniya, tare da tabbatar da "Matsayin" izini daga Kwamitin Gudanarwa na Duniya na NHRI (ICC). Wannan yana ba Hukumar damar samun dama ga Hukumar Kare Haƙƙin Dan Adam, ƙungiyoyin yarjejeniya da sauran ƙungiyoyin kare hakkin ɗan adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. EHRC ita ce NHRI ta biyu a cikin Burtaniya, bayan ƙirƙirar Hukumar Kare Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta Arewacin Ireland (NIHRC) a cikin shekara ta 1999, kuma Hukumar Kare Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta Scotland (SHRC) ta zama ta uku da ta sami izinin ICC a shekara ta 2010.

Ayyuka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Hukumar ta ƙunshi kwamishinonin da ke da tushe a fannin daidaito da haƙƙin ɗan adam. An nada sabbin kwamishinoni hudu a watan Nuwamba 2020. As of Disamba 2020 , su ne kamar haka:

M

Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Trevor Phillips ya zama shugaban Hukumar Daidaiton Kabilanci a cikin 2003, kuma a kan soke ta a 2006 an nada shi shugaban cikakken lokaci na magajinsa, EHRC. [9] Zaman Phillips a matsayin shugaban EHRC (wanda a buƙatunsa ya zama matsayi na ɗan lokaci a 2009) ya kasance a wasu lokuta ana ta cece-kuce. A karkashin jagorancin Phillips an ba da rahoton cewa shida daga cikin kwamishinonin hukumar sun tafi bayan sun nuna damuwarsu game da shugabancinsa da kuma yiwuwarsa kuma wasu rahotanni sun ce suna tunanin matsayinsu. Wasu daga cikin kwamishinoni na farko sun yi murabus zuwa karshen wa’adinsu na farko, yayin da wasu kuma ba su nemi wa’adi na biyu ba. Wadannan kwamishinonin sun hada da Morag Alexander, Kay Allen, Baroness Campbell na Surbiton, Jeannie Drake CBE, Joel Edwards, Mike Smith, Farfesa Kay Hampton, Francesca Klug, Sir Bert Massie CBE, Ziauddin Sardar, Ben Summerskill da Dr Neil Wooding.[ana buƙatar hujja] ya yi murabus a lokacin rani na 2009, ya bayyana al'adar tsoratarwa a Hukumar, yayin da Hamptom ya ce Phillips "bai sami 'yancin ɗan adam ba", Summerskill ya kwatanta matsalar rashin son zuciya, kuma Massie ya kwatanta shi a matsayin "sluggish".

Nicola Brewer, babban jami'in gudanarwa na farko (kuma tsohon kwamishinan ofishi), ya yi murabus a cikin Maris 2009 kuma ya koma aikin diflomasiyya. An tallata albashin magajin nata a kan £120,000 (£ 65,000 kasa da wadda aka biya ta), albashi mai kama da daraktocinsa.

A cikin 2010 an bincika Phillips game da ƙoƙarin da ake yi na yin tasiri ga wani kwamiti (Kwamitin Haɗin Kan Haƙƙin Dan Adam) ya rubuta rahoto a kansa. Da ya kasance dan siyasa na farko a cikin sama da rabin karni da aka yanke masa hukunci kan wannan laifi, amma kwamitin Lords ya gano cewa zarge-zargen “na gaskiya ne, kuma ba a gabatar da wata kwakkwarar hujja ta gaskiya a cikin goyon bayansu ba; kuma ba a tabbatar da su ba. ta hanyar gabatar da ɗayan membobin JCHR." An wanke shi daga raina Majalisa kuma Majalisar Dokoki ta ba da shawarar cewa a ba da sabon jagora mai haske game da yadda ake gudanar da shedu ga zaɓaɓɓun kwamitoci. Duk da haka, an gaya masa halinsa "bai dace ba kuma maras kyau".

Phillips ya kammala wa'adinsa na biyu na ofis a watan Satumba na 2012, wanda, tare da wa'adinsa a CRE ya sa ya zama shugaban mafi dadewa a duk wata hukumar daidaito ta Burtaniya.[ana buƙatar hujja]

A cikin 2006 Phillips ya tabbatar da cewa tsarin da Birtaniyya ke bi a yanzu game da al'adu da yawa na iya sa Birtaniyya ta "tafiya zuwa wariya". Ya fadada kan waɗannan ra'ayoyin a cikin 2016 a cikin littafin Civitas mai suna Race and Faith: the Deafening Silence, a cikin abin da ya ce "ƙuƙwalwa game da magance bambancin da rashin jin daɗinsa yana da haɗari da barin kasarmu ta barci zuwa wani bala'i wanda zai sa al'umma gaba da al'umma. amincewa da zaluncin jima'i, murkushe 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki, sauya 'yancin walwalar jama'a, da kuma gurgunta dimokuradiyya mai sassaucin ra'ayi da ta yi wa kasar nan hidima na dogon lokaci."

Shugaban Hukumar na uku shi ne David Isaac, wanda aka nada a shekarar 2016. Isaac tsohon shugaban LGBT sadaka Stonewall da kuma amintaccen Diana, Gimbiya Memorial Asusun .

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Sanannen bincike[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

British National Party[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Bayan zaɓen 'yan majalisar wakilai guda biyu daga jam'iyyar Biritaniya ta kasa (BNP) a zabukan 2009 na Turai, Hukumar ta gabatar da wani batu mai yuwuwa na tallafin jama'a kamar yadda kundin tsarin mulkin BNP ya ce daukar ma'aikata yana budewa ne kawai ga membobin da suke '' 'yan asalin Caucasian kuma an ayyana su. kabilun da suka fito daga waccan Race" Daraktan shari'a na Hukumar John Wadham ya bayyana cewa "Shawarar shari'a da muka samu ta nuna cewa kundin tsarin mulkin jam'iyyar Biritaniya na kasa da ka'idojin zama memba, ayyukan yi da kuma samar da ayyuka ga mazabu da jama'a na iya keta wariya. dokokin da dukkan jam'iyyun siyasa ke da hakkin kiyaye doka" [10] Wannan ya shafi Dokar Race Relations Act 1976,

EHRC ta bukaci BNP da ta samar da ayyuka a rubuce cewa ba za a nuna wariya a hanyoyin daukar ma'aikata ba. Jam'iyyar ta mayar da martani ga wasikar inda ta bayyana cewa "tana da niyyar fayyace kalmar 'farar' a gidan yanar gizon ta". Duk da haka, saboda EHRC ta yi imanin BNP za ta ci gaba da nuna wariya ga masu cancanta ko ainihin membobi bisa dalilai na kabilanci, hukumar ta sanar da cewa ta gabatar da karar da kotun gundumomi ta yanke. [11] A cikin wata sanarwa da hukumar ta fitar, ta rage dalilan da ta ke daukar mataki a kan jam’iyyar BNP, inda ta ce, “Hukumar ta yi imanin cewa kundin tsarin mulkin jam’iyyar BNP da ka’idojin zama mambobin jam’iyyar na nuna wariya, sannan kuma ci gaba da buga su a shafin na BNP ya sabawa doka. Don haka ta fitar da karar da kotun karamar hukumar ta yanke kan shugaban jam'iyyar Nick Griffin da wasu jami'ai biyu. Hukumar ta yanke shawarar cewa ba za ta dauki mataki ba bisa wasu dalilai guda biyu da aka gindaya a cikin wasikar ta kafin daukar mataki, bisa la’akari da kudurin BNP na bin doka.” [11]

Yakin neman zabe[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Waɗannan sun haɗa da:

2010 - Kulawa da Tallafawa Rahoton da Hukumar ta samar ya nuna bukatar canjawa daga tsarin "tsaron aminci" don kulawa zuwa "allon bazara". Rahoton ya ba da shawarar hanyoyin da za a bai wa daidaikun mutane 'yancin cin gashin kansu kan rayuwarsu da kuma karfafa gwiwar shiga cikin al'umma da ba da gudummawar zamantakewa da tattalin arziki.

2016 - Aiki Mafi Kyawu An ƙaddamar da Ƙaddamar Ƙarfafa Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun hanyoyi don saduwa da bukatun ma'aikata na zamani, tare da mayar da hankali kan sassauci da rayuwar iyali. Binciken Gaban Gida ya kasance wani ɓangare na tsarin tuntuɓar farko.

2018 - Kyakkyawar Dangantaka Hukumar na nufin samar da bincike da albarkatu da shawarwari ga Hukumomin gida da kuma ba da damar fahimtar juna tsakanin al'ummomi.

Sabis na 'Yan sanda na Metropolitan[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin Satumba na shekara ta 2016, EHRC ta buga rahoto game da nuna bambanci a cikin Sabis na 'Yan Sanda na Babban Birni . An kaddamar da binciken ne domin nuna damuwa kan yadda MPS ke mu'amala da Bakar fata da tsiraru (BME), jami'an mata da na luwadi da kuma mayar da hankali kan korafe-korafen MPS da hanyoyin rashin da'a.

Wani rahoton EHRC na shekara ta 2018, wanda Jonathan Portes da Howard Reed suka rubuta, ya gano cewa manufofin gwamnati na cutar da marasa galihu a cikin al'ummar Burtaniya daidai gwargwado. Sabis na jama'a da raguwar fa'idodin sun shafi waɗanda ba su da ƙanƙanta, iyaye ɗaya da naƙasassu. Wannan ya sanya gwamnati cikin take hakkin dan Adam. Binciken yayi la'akari da girman yankewa da rashin daidaituwarsu akan mafi yawan marasa galihu shine zabi na siyasa, kuma ba makawa ba.

Binciken ya bincikar kashe kuɗi akan NHS, kula da zamantakewa, 'yan sanda, sufuri, gidaje da ilimi daga shekara ta 2010 zuwa 2015 akan ƙungiyoyi daban-daban a Ingila, Scotland da Wales. Hakanan yana ƙoƙarin yin hasashen tasirin tsare-tsaren kashe kuɗi na waɗannan ayyuka zuwa 2021-22, da canje-canje ga haraji da fa'idodi. Ragewar kowane mutum tun daga 2010 ya kasance mafi girma a Ingila, (kusan kashi 18 cikin dari fiye da na Wales) (5.5%) da Scotland (1%), wani bangare saboda gwamnatocin da aka ware sun zaɓi rage wasu tasirin raguwar. Kashi 20% na mutanen da ke da mafi karancin kudin shiga a Ingila sun yi hasarar a matsakaita kashi 11% na abin da suke samu saboda rashin kudi ya bambanta da babu asara ga kashi biyar na mafi arziki na gidaje. Iyaye guda ɗaya sun yi hasarar mafi yawa daga canjin haraji da kashe kuɗi, a matsakaici. A Ingila, sun yi asarar kashi 19% na kudaden shiga, sabanin kashi 10.5% a Wales da kashi 7.6% a Scotland. Manyan iyalai sun yi asarar fiye da ƙananan. Iyalan da ke da yara uku ko fiye sun yi hasarar kashi 13% na kudaden shiga na ƙarshe, wanda ya bambanta da tsakanin 7% da 8% a Scotland da Wales. Iyalai masu nakasassu, gidaje masu matsakaicin shekaru 18-24, da kuma gidaje baƙi sun yi asara mai yawa daga raguwar kuɗaɗe.

Sanya ƙungiyoyi masu rauni suna fama da raguwar tsuke bakin aljihu ya saba wa ka'idodin rashin nuna wariya da Burtaniya ta amince da su a ƙarƙashin dokar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ta duniya. Marubuta sun bukaci ministocin da su rage tasirin raguwar tsuke bakin aljihu ta hanyar kara fa'idodin da aka gwada, kudaden haraji da lamuni na duniya, da kara kashe kudade kan kiwon lafiya, kula da jin dadin jama'a, ilimi da gidaje.[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]

Rebecca Hilsenrath ta EHRC ta ce, "Mun san cewa ana barin wasu al'ummomi a baya kuma gibin yana kara fadada. Mun san muna bukatar yin wani abu kafin lokaci ya kure kuma mun nuna cewa mai yiwuwa ne a tantance yanke shawarar kashe kudi na jama'a don ganin ko za mu iya yin tasiri mai kyau."

A cikin watan Satumba na shekara ta 2017, Babban Jami'in EHRC, Rebecca Hilsenrath, ya bukaci tsarin da bai dace ba game da kyamar baki a cikin Jam'iyyar Labour da kuma daukar matakin gaggawa na jagoranci don magance shi. A cikin Maris 2019, Antony Lerman, tsohon darektan kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Manufofin Yahudawa, ya tayar da damuwa cewa bayanin Hilsenrath na Satumba na shekara ta 2017 ya sanya ta rashin dacewa ta jagoranci bincike kan Labour, ta rubuta a cikin OpenDemocracy : "Kafin bincike, ba damuwa cewa Shugaba ya riga ya yi iƙirarin sanin abin da Jam'iyyar Labour ke buƙatar yi?" Daga baya Hilsenrath ta nisanta kanta daga shawarar da ta yanke na binciki jam'iyyar Labour saboda matsayinta na "mai aiki a cikin al'ummar Anglo-Yahudawa" na iya haifar da hasashe na son zuciya

A cikin Mayun shekara ta 2019, bayan ƙaddamar da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru ta Yahudanci da Yaƙin Yaƙin Yaƙi (CAA), EHRC ta ƙaddamar da wani bincike na yau da kullun a ƙarƙashin sashe na 20 na Dokar Daidaitawa ta 2006 kan ko Labour ta "na nuna wariya ba bisa ka'ida ba, cin zarafi ko cin zarafi ga mutane saboda sun kasance. Bayahude": musamman, ko "jam'iyya da/ko ma'aikatanta da/ko wakilanta sun aikata abubuwan da suka sabawa doka, da kuma; ko jam'iyyar ta amsa koke-koken abubuwan da aka haramta ta hanyar halal, inganci da inganci."

Doughty Street Chambers Barista Adam Wagner, memba na kwamitin lauyoyi na EHRC ne ya wakilci CAA a cikin shari'ar ta ga EHRC.

A cewar Middle East Eye, Jewish Voice for Labour (JVL) ta yi maraba da binciken amma ta yi gardama cewa, ba tare da bayyana korafe-korafen da EHRC ta samu da kuma martanin farko na Labour ba, EHRC ta karya dokar daidaito ta 2006 wanda ke buƙatar tantance wanda ake bincikar. da kuma “yanayin haram” ana zarginsu da aikatawa, kamar yadda sharuddan nasa ya buƙata.

A watan Nuwamba 2019, JLM ta zargi jam'iyyar Labour da "dabarun dabo" ga EHRC saboda rashin hadin kai da binciken.

A cikin Disambar shekara ta 2019, ƙaddamar da JLM ga binciken ya kasance leda ga manema labarai. Ya ƙunshi shaidar rantsuwa 70 daga na yanzu da tsoffin ma'aikatan jam'iyyar, kuma ya kammala da cewa "Jam'iyyar Labour ba ta zama wuri mai aminci ga Yahudawa ba".

An mika daftarin binciken ga Jam'iyyar Labour a watan Yulin shekara ta 2020, tare da kwanaki 28 don amsawa. A watan Oktoban shekara ta 2020, EHRC ta buga rahotonta, inda ta tabbatar da cewa jam'iyyar tana da alhakin ayyukan cin zarafi da nuna wariya ba bisa ƙa'ida ba. Hukumar ta EHRC ta tabbatar da cewa akwai lokuta 23 na tsoma bakin siyasa daga ma’aikatan ofishin shugaban da sauran su sannan kuma Labour ta karya dokar daidaito a lokuta biyu. An dakatar da tsohon shugaban jam'iyyar Jeremy Corbyn daga jam'iyyar na tsawon makwanni da dama kuma an cire bulala daga majalisar dokokin jam'iyyar a ranar 29 ga Oktoban shekara ta 2020 "saboda gazawarta na janyewa" ikirarin da ya yi na cewa 'yan adawa sun wuce gona da iri na kyamar baki a cikin Labour.

Kungiyoyin LGBTQ + a duk faɗin Burtaniya sun soki wasiƙun na EHRC, ciki har da Stonewall, wanda ya ce kalaman "sun lalata ainihin manufar EHRC na daidaitawa, haɓakawa da kuma kiyaye haƙƙin ɗan adam" tare da yin kira ga Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan 'Yancin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. da Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta Duniya don sake duba EHRC cikin gaggawa; Liberty, wanda ya amince da kira ga matsayin EHRC a matsayin cibiyar kare hakkin dan Adam ta kasa da za a sake dubawa, kamar yadda UK Black Pride [30] da LGBT Foundation suka yi, wanda kuma ya sanar da cewa za su yanke dangantaka da EHRC. ; Amnesty International UK, wanda ya bayyana maganganun a matsayin "mai ratsa jiki yana lalata haƙƙin trans da mutanen da ba na binary ba a cikin Burtaniya" da "mai matukar damuwa"; kungiyar goyon bayan cin zarafi na gida da kiyayya ga Galop, wanda ya ce sanarwar "ya bayyana a fili cewa [EHRC ba ta fahimci gaskiyar canjin canji a Burtaniya ba"; [31] da LGBT + Labour, wanda kuma ya nuna damuwa game da "gyaran gyare-gyare mai zurfi" da mambobin jam'iyyar Labor Party suka gabatar a matsayin wakilan Birtaniya a Majalisar Dokokin Turai. Sauran ƙungiyoyin da ke sukar maganganun EHRC sun haɗa da Equality Network, [32] Ƙungiyar laima ta Birtaniya Consortium, Birtaniya LGBT Awards, [33] LGBTQ + matasa agaji akt, Rainbow Project, Rainbow Greens, [34] Trans a cikin birni, [35] Cibiyar Sadarwar Daidaituwar Mata ta Mata, Ilimin jinsi, Mermaids, [36] Gidajen Stonewall, [37] Pride Cymru, [38] [39] da Manchester Pride . [40]

Ƙarin zarge-zarge na transphobia[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin Fabrairun shekara ta 2022, masu fallasa uku - har yanzu suna aiki a EHRC - sun gaya wa VICE game da al'adun "anti-LGBT" da manyan shugabanni ke ɗauka a ƙungiyar wanda suka ce yana sa ma'aikatan da ba su aiwatar da aikin su daina ba. Bugu da ƙari, wasu manyan ma'aikata shida - waɗanda ko dai kwanan nan suka bar EHRC ko kuma a halin yanzu suna aiki lokacin sanarwar su - sun bayyana membobin hukumar suna canza aikinsu don yin takardu "mai canza launi kuma ba daidai ba". Lokacin da wasu ma’aikatan suka koka, an kulle su daga kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka kuma an dauki matakin ladabtarwa a kansu. Dan majalisar jam'iyyar Scotland John Nicolson, Mataimakin Shugaban Kungiyar 'Yan Majalisun Duk-Jam'iyya kan 'Yancin LGBT + na Duniya a Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya, ya ce: "Abin baƙin ciki EHRC ya bayyana a yanzu yana aiki da, ba don haƙƙin LGBT ba. Al'ummarmu ba ta ganin ta a matsayin abokinmu amma a matsayin abokin adawar mu. Har yanzu wata kungiya ce ta Boris Johnson da waɗanda aka naɗa shi." [41]

A wannan watan, VICE ta kuma ba da rahoton cewa Falkner ya goyi bayan cire masu yin jima'i daga "wuraren jima'i" a wuraren aiki da kasuwanci, gami da dakunan wanka waɗanda suka dace da asalin jinsinsu. Dan majalisar mai ra'ayin mazan jiya Crispin Blunt, shugaban kungiyar sa ido kan 'yancin LGBTQ na majalisar dokokin Burtaniya, ya bayyana aikin EHRC a matsayin "kai tsaye hari" kan 'yancin mutanen da ke cikin Burtaniya. [42] Da yake mayar da martani, mai magana da yawun EHRC ya ce: “Mun amince da cewa wasu ma’aikatan EHRC ba su ji dadi ba, abin da muka yi nadama, kuma muna aiki tukuru don bayyana hukunce-hukuncen da suka yi da kuma dalilin da ya sa suka dace da nauyin da ya rataya a wuyanmu. Yin jima'i da sake fasalin jinsi suna da halaye masu kariya ta doka a ƙarƙashin Dokar Daidaitawa ta 2010, kamar yadda wasu halaye bakwai suke. Dokar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ta 1998 tana kare duk haƙƙoƙi bisa daidaito da daidaito. Waɗannan su ne dokokin da EHRC ke kiyayewa ba tare da nuna son kai ba kuma muna musanta ra'ayinku na son zuciya a wuraren da kuka ambata."[42]


Lokacin da aka tambaye ta a wata hira da mujallar <i id="mwAfs">Holyrood</i> ko ta kasance mai canza launin fata, Falkner ya amsa da cewa "Ban san ma'anar kalmar ba", yana mai cewa an yi amfani da kalmar da yawa. A cikin wannan hirar, ta ce "Mun fahimci cewa akwai ra'ayoyi masu karfi a nan, amma ina tsammanin dukkanmu muna so mu kai ga ƙarshe ɗaya, kuma ƙarshen shine a sauƙaƙe rayuwa ga mutanen da ke rayuwa a cikin yanayin da suke jin haka. karfi da himma zuwa. Karshen da nake son gani ke nan. Abin da kawai muke nema, don kaiwa ga wannan, shine Gwamnatin Scotland ta ɗan binciki hanya a hankali, saboda ba ku inganta haƙƙin mutane ta hanyar lalata haƙƙin wata ƙungiya. Kuma mai yiwuwa hakan na iya faruwa a wannan fanni.”[43]

Kalubalen shari'a[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A ranar 11 ga Fabrairun shekara ta 2022, an ƙaddamar da ƙalubalen doka a kan EHRC ta Stonewall, tare da goyan bayan Aikin Doka Mai Kyau da fiye da wasu ƙungiyoyin yancin LGBT 20. Stonewall ya zana biyayya ga Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions (GANHRI), yana mai kira ga EHRC ta rasa "A rating" saboda yadda take kula da mutane. An ƙaddamar da wannan ƙalubalen ne bayan da aka soki EHRC kan neman gwamnatin Scotland da ta dakata da shirye-shiryenta don sauƙaƙa wa mutane su canza jinsi na doka. Sanarwar ta zargi kungiyar da cewa gwamnatin Burtaniya ta yi tasiri sosai a kan nadin shugabanni da mambobin hukumar.[44][45]

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. "Our offices | Equality and Human Rights Commission". www.equalityhumanrights.com. Archived from the original on 2019-09-28. Retrieved 2020-11-11.
  2. "Our Commissioners, committees and governance". Equality and Human Rights Commission. 2020-08-09. Archived from the original on 2019-07-29. Retrieved 2020-12-01.
  3. "New chair of equalities watchdog is against call for unis to adopt IHRA". Jewish News (in Turanci). 29 January 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  4. See s.7(1)(b) HRA 1998; usually you can only bring a Human Rights claim if you are actually the person whose rights are violated. You cannot do it on someone else's behalf.
  5. s. 73 of the Sex Discrimination Act 1975
  6. "Fairness for All" (PDF). Government of the United Kingdom. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 March 2007.
  7. Colm O'Cinneide, "The Commission for Equality and Human Rights: A New Institution for New and Uncertain Times” (2007) Industrial Law Journal 141, 157
  8. Dodd, Vikram (4 September 2006). "Ministers pick Phillips to lead new human rights and equalities body", The Guardian. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  9. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named GuardEU
  10. 11.0 11.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named EHRCRel248
  11. Equality and Human Rights Commission [@EHRC]. "We have written to the Scottish Government today about reform of the Gender Recognition Act. Download and read our full letter here ⬇️ equalityhumanrights.com/sites/default/files/letter-to-cabinet-office-our-position-gender-recognition-act-2004-reform-january-2022.docx" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 January 2022 – via Twitter.
  12. Baroness Kishwer Falkner (26 January 2022). "Letter to Cabinet Office with Our Position on Gender Recognition Act 2004 Reform, January 2022" (Press release). Equality and Human Rights Commission. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  13. Rustin, Susanna (13 October 2021). "My hope for a more open discussion of women's and trans rights is fading". The Guardian. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  14. Samuelson, Kate (27 July 2021). "What are gender-critical beliefs?". The Week. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  15. "Response submitted to UK Government consultation: Banning conversion therapy". Equality and Human Rights Commission. 26 January 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  16. Moore, Mallory; Links, Meryl; Clarke, Sarah (27 January 2022). "EHRC asserts protections for religious and trans conversion therapy, calls for pausing GRA reform". Trans Safety Network. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  17. "Stonewall response to EHRC statements on upcoming LGBTQ+ legislation" (Press release). Stonewall. 26 January 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  18. "Liberty has responded to today's statements from the Equality and Human Rights Commission on upcoming LGBTQ+ legislation" (Press release). Liberty. 26 January 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  19. UK Black Pride [@ukblackpride]. "We stand with our trans siblings and we join @stonewalluk in calling for the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions to urgently review @EHRC and ensure that trans people's rights are effectively supported" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 January 2022 – via Twitter.
  20. "LGBT Foundation to sever all ties with the EHRC" (Press release). LGBT Foundation. 26 January 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  21. "Amnesty UK's response to the statements from the Equality and Human Rights Commission on upcoming LGBTI+ legislation" (Press release). Amnesty International UK. 27 January 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  22. Galop [@GalopUK]. "Galop's statement on the EHRC's response to the conversion therapy consultation[images]" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 January 2022 – via Twitter.
  23. "Our response to statements by the EHRC" (Press release). LGBT+ Labour. 27 January 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  24. Equality Network [@LGBTIScotland]. "We have just issued the following press release: The Equality Network a national LGBTI organisation in Scotland, and its project @ScottishTrans, have responded to a letter sent today by the GB Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC) (1/6)" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 January 2022 – via Twitter.
  25. "Consortium Response to EHRC Statements" (Press release). Consortium. 27 January 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  26. British LGBT Awards [@BritLGBTAwards]. "Our statement regarding yesterday's responses from the EHRC. We urge you to sign @stonewalluk open letter regarding this, and to always advocate for the rights of our trans+ family❣️ [image]" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 January 2022 – via Twitter.
  27. "statement: akt supports lgbtq+ young people" (Press release). akt. 28 January 2022. Archived from the original on 30 January 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  28. "The Rainbow Project response to EHRC statements on upcoming LGBTQ+ legislation in the United Kingdom" (Press release). Rainbow Project. 27 January 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  29. @. "We stand with our trans siblings and we join @stonewalluk in calling for the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions to urgently review @EHRC and ensure that trans people's rights are effectively supported" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 January 2022 – via Twitter.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  30. @. "Galop's statement on the EHRC's response to the conversion therapy consultation[images]" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 January 2022 – via Twitter.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  31. @. "We have just issued the following press release: The Equality Network a national LGBTI organisation in Scotland, and its project @ScottishTrans, have responded to a letter sent today by the GB Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC) (1/6)" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 January 2022 – via Twitter.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  32. @. "Our statement regarding yesterday's responses from the EHRC. We urge you to sign @stonewalluk open letter regarding this, and to always advocate for the rights of our trans+ family❣️ [image]" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 January 2022 – via Twitter.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  33. @. "We are disappointed that - after a series of appointments from the Tory Government - @EHRC have backtracked on their previous policies to undermine the case for GRA reform and a conversion therapy ban. We do not have faith in them to uphold and protect equality and human rights" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 January 2022 – via Twitter.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  34. @. "An important message from our CEO and Directors: [image]" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 January 2022 – via Twitter.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  35. @. "After years of toxic abuse stemming from the GRA "debate", we say no more… 🧵" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 January 2022 – via Twitter.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  36. @. "❌ "So-called conversion therapy is abuse" ❌ We stand in solidarity with many of our partners in the LGBTQ+ sector & are proud to sign @stonewalluk open letter calling for the inclusion and protection of trans rights" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 January 2022 – via Twitter.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  37. @. "We're deeply concerned about the transphobic stance taken by @EHRC Welsh translation available if requested [image]" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 January 2022 – via Twitter.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  38. @. "[image]" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 January 2022 – via Twitter.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  39. @. "We're extremely concerned and disappointed to see the harmful statements released by the EHRC regarding the government's proposed legislation on 'conversion therapy' in England and Wales, and the proposed reform of Scotland's Gender Recognition Act. (1/4)" (Tweet). Retrieved 30 January 2022 – via Twitter.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  40. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named VICE
  41. 42.0 42.1 Hunte, Ben (10 February 2022). "Leaked EHRC Guidance Reveals Plans to Exclude Most Trans People From Bathrooms". Vice (in Turanci). Retrieved 10 February 2022.
  42. Rhodes, Mandy (14 February 2022). "Kishwer Falkner: Is life now so brittle that to ask questions is to be deemed to be controversial?". Holyrood (in Turanci). Retrieved 14 February 2022.
  43. Wakefield, Lily (11 February 2022). "'Every major LGBT+ charity' calls for disgraced equalities watchdog EHRC to be downgraded". PinkNews. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
  44. Parry, Josh (11 February 2022). "Rights watchdog 'should lose status' over trans row". BBC News. Retrieved 11 February 2022.

Hanyoyin haɗi na waje[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]