Kabilar Bishari
Bishari ( Larabci: البشارية, ko البشاريين , romanized: al-Bishāriyyīn ; Beja: Oobshaari ) ƙabila ce da ke zaune a sassan arewa maso gabashin Afirka. Suna ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɓangarori na mutanen Beja. Baya ga yarukan cikin gida na Larabci, Bishari suna magana da yaren Beja, wanda na dangin Afroasiatic ne.
Alkaluma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]'Yan kabilar Bishari suna zaune ne a gabashin hamadar Nubian a Sudan da kudancin Masar. Suna zaune a cikin yankin Atbai (wanda kuma aka rubuta Atbai) tsakanin Kogin Nilu da Bahar Maliya, arewacin Amarar da kudancin mutanen Ababda tsakanin hamadar Nubian da kwarin Nilu, wani yanki na farar ƙasa, tsaunuka, tare da farantin yashi. [1]
Yawan mutanen Bishari ya kai kusan mutane 42,000. Yawancin mutanen ƙabilar suna ƙaura ne a cikin ƙasar Sudan, inda membobin ke da wakilcin siyasa a Majalisar Beja. [2]
Harshe
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bishari suna magana da yaren Beja a matsayin harshen uwa. Yana cikin reshen Cushitic na dangin Afroasiatic. [3]
Har ila yau, Beja mazauna Sudan suna jin Larabcin Sudan a matsayin yare na biyu. A shekara ta 1949, wani ɗan kabilar Bishari ya ce sa’ad da suka sadu da wani baƙo, nan da nan sukan tambayi “‘Shin kai biggaweijet (=Bišari) ne ko belaeijt (Arab)? ’”suka ci gaba da“’. . . Muna kiran yarenmu biggawija kuma ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa na Larabci ( belaeijet )” [4]
Tattalin Arziki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bishari a al'ada makiyaya ne, masu aikin kiwon rakuma, tumaki, da awaki a yankin kudancin hamada ta Gabas. Wannan yanki ba a gano shi ba. Daga cikin dukkan kabilun yankin, suna zaune ne a wurare masu nisa. [5] Kabilar Bishari da Bishari Qamhatab, wadanda aka yi imani da cewa tsohuwar Bishari ce, sun yi cinikin kayayyakin noma da sauran mutane tun zamanin da. [5] [6]
Addini
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bishari galibinsu musulmi sunni ne. A karni na 10 AD, musulmi masanin kasa Al-Maqdisi ya rubuta cewa Bishari Kiristoci ne.[7] A cikin tarihinsu, kabilun Bishari sun yi addinai daban-daban, ciki har da nau'in maguzanci, sannan Kiristanci da yanzu Musulunci. Duk da cewa an san su a matsayin musulmi, amma musulunci bai da tushe a cikin al'adar. Yawancin mahimmanci daidai yake da imani na gargajiya. Da yawa sun ci gaba da jin tsoron tasirin aljani, ko mugayen ruhohi, waɗanda suka yi imanin cewa suna kewaye da su kuma suna haifar da cututtuka da jayayya tsakanin maƙwabta.[8]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Starky, Janet. "Perceptions of the Ababda and Bisharin in the Atbai" . University of Durham . Archived from the original on 10 March 2006. Retrieved 23 November 2016.Empty citation (help)
- ↑ Young, John (2007). The Eastern Front and the Struggle against Marginalization (PDF). Small Arms Survey, Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva 2007. ISBN 978-2-8288-0081-9 . Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-06-17. Retrieved 23 November 2016.Empty citation (help)
- ↑ "Bedawiyet" . Ethnologue. Retrieved 22 November 2017.Empty citation (help)
- ↑ Starkey, Janet (June 2001). "Perceptions of the ʿAbabda and Bisharin in the Atbai". Sudan Studies (26): 40.Empty citation (help)
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Egypt People" . Britannica . Archived from the original on 24 November 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2016.Empty citation (help)
- ↑ Sidebotham, Steven E.; Hense, Martin; Nouwens, Hendrikje M. (2008). The Red Land: The Illustrated Archaeology of Egypt's Eastern Desert . American University in Cairo Press. ISBN 9789774160943 . Retrieved 23 November 2016.
- ↑ al-Maqdisī, Abū Nasr Muṭahhar (1899– 1919). Huart, Charles (ed.). Le Livre de la Creation et de l'Histoire d'Abou Zaid . Paris: Publ. de l'Ecole des Languages Vivantes Sier IV. p. 148.
- ↑ "Beja, Bisharin in Sudan" .