Muhammad Ibn Muhammad Al-Fulani Al-Kishwani

Muhammad Ibn Muhammad Al-Fulani Al-Kishwani
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Jahar Katsina, 1699
Mutuwa	Kairo, 1741
Sana'a
Sana'a	Ilimin Taurari da masanin lissafi

Muhammad Ibn Muhammad Al-Fulani Al-Kishwani ya kasance a farkon ƙarni na 18 masanin ilmin lissafi, masanin taurari, sufi, da kuma masaniya daga Katsina, Arewacin Najeriya ta yanzu .

Al-Kishwani ya yi karatu a Gobarau da ke Katsina kafin ya tashi zuwa Alkahira, Misira a 1732, inda ya wallafa littafi a cikin larabci wani aiki mai taken, "Yarjejeniyar kan Maganganun Amfani da Haruffa" wanda shi ne rubutun ilimin lissafi na tsarin aiki don gina filayen sihiri har zuwa tsari 11.

Rayuwar Muhammad Al-kishnawi

Al-Kishnawi malamin fulani ne haifaffen garin Dan Rako dake cikin garin Katsina (a jihar Katsina ta zamani). Dan Rako ya shahara wajen hada kai da ’yan kasuwar Wangara daga kasar Mali, wadanda suka kafa yankin. Daga baya Muhammad Bello ya kori garin kuma babu shi[4]. An haife shi a cikin iyali musulmi kuma ya yi karatun addini da littafinsa mai tsarki, al-Qur'ani. Daga cikin malamansa akwai Muhamamd al-Wali al-Burnawi, sanannen malami daga Kanem-Bornu, Muhammad Fudi, mahaifin Usman dan Fodio, da Muhammad al-Bindu "Booro Binndi", wani mashahurin malami daga Kanem-Bornu. sanannen malami wanda ya shahara a kasar Hausa da Bornu kuma ya ja hankalin dalibai da dama. aikin hajji zuwa Hijaz. Yana rubuta cewa: “Lokacin da Mai Qaddara Ya kubutar da ni, kuma mai rahama ya umarce ni da in ziyarci AnnabinSa, mafificin salati da salati a gare shi, da yin hajjin xakinSa mai tsarki. , Na zauna a can na dan lokaci kuma na girma ta hanyar wadannan addu'o'in ... [kuma] na ciyar da aikina na gode masa, Mai rahama don variegating a areborrum a gare ni, ƙaramin magana [sha'rat lisanan] lalle ne ga wannan mafi girman falala [ni'am] ] da Ya yi mani….[6]: 249

Kamar kalmomin ƙarfafawa ga mai karatu ya rubuta:

Kada ku yi kasala, domin wannan jahilci ne kuma ba bisa ƙa'idodin wannan fasaha ba. Kamar masoyi, ba zaku iya fatan samun nasara ba tare da juriya mara iyaka ba.

Tafiya zuwa Makka ta kasance mai wahala, kuma ya zama ruwan dare ga mahajjatan Afirka ta Yamma suna hutu a birnin Alkahira kafin su ci gaba da tafiya. Wannan al'ada ce da fitattun mutane irin su Mansa Musa, shahararren sarkin Mali, suka yi a lokacin aikin hajji a karni na 14. Bisa irin wannan hanya, al-Kishnawi shi ma ya tsaya a birnin Alkahira kafin ya zarce zuwa Makka daga karshe ya zauna a Madina. A lokacin da yake Hijaz al-Kishnawi ya samu damar ganawa da kuma koyi da malamai daga sassa daban-daban na duniyar Musulunci. A cikin shekarun 1733-1734, ya koma birnin Alkahira, inda ya samu masauki a kusa da jami'ar Azhar. Ya sadaukar da kansa wajen rubuce-rubuce, kuma a cikin shekaru hudu na farko a Alkahira, ya kammala fitattun ayyuka, da suka hada da Al-Durr al-manẓūm, Bahjat al-āfāq, Bulūgh al-arab, da Durar al-yawāq

Al-Kishnawi ya shahara a Masar, daga baya ya zama malamin Hassan al-Jabarti, mahaifin fitaccen masanin tarihin Masar Abd al-Rahman al-Jabarti.[7] Abd al-Rahman ya rubuta cewa mahaifinsa "ya koyi fasaha na lambobi da wuraren sihiri na zahiri da fasahar juzu'i" daga al-Kishnawi. A shekara ta 1741, Al-Kishnawi ya rasu yana da shekaru 42 a duniya a gidan Hassan al-Jabarti a birnin Alkahira. An binne shi ne a dakin taro na malamai da ke birnin Alkahira[8

Al-Kishwani ya mutu a Alkahira, Masar a 1741. Yana da shekaru 42.

Sanannan ayyukan shi

Yawancin ayyukansa yanzu suna a ɗakin karatu na al-Azhar a Alkahira. Wasu ana adana su a Darul-kutub, wasu kuma wuraren adana bayanai a Morocco, Nigeria da London.[5]: 15 A matsayin kalmomin karfafa gwiwa ga masu karatu ya rubuta cewa: Kada ku bari, domin wannan jahilci ne ba bisa ka'ida ba. wannan fasaha ... Kamar masoyi, ba za ka iya fatan samun nasara ba tare da juriya mara iyaka ba.[9] Wasu daga cikin fitattun ayyukansa su ne: Bulugh al-arab min kalām al-ʿarab: aikin nahawun larabci wanda aka yi kwanan nan a wajajen shekara ta 1736-7. Bughyat al-mawāli fī tarjamat Muḥammad al-Wāli: a biography of Muhamamd al-Wali al-Burnawi (one of his teacher). Manḥ al-qudū: waƙa ce mai aiki da hankali da aka ɗauko daga Mukhtasar al-Sanusī. Izālat al-’ubū ‘an wajh minaḥ al-quddūs: sharhin Mukhtasar al-Sanusi. Sharhin Kitāb al-durr wa'l-tiryāq fī 'ilm al-awfāq na Abd al-Rahman al-Jurjani kan ilimin haruffa da sunayen Allah masu girma, wanda aka kammala a ranar 6 ga Satumba 1734. Littattafai uku akan Durar al- yawaqit fi 'ilm al-huruf wa'l asma'. Mughnī al-mawāfi 'an jamī' al-khawāf: a numerological work on the magic square da aka kammala ranar 29 ga Janairu 1733. Al-Durr al-manẓūm wa khulāṣat al-sirr al-maktūm fī 'ilm al-ṭalāsim wa'l-nujūm : Shahararren sharhinsa akan bangarori uku na "ilimin asiri", wanda aka kammala a ranar 20 ga Disamba 1733.[6]: 264-265 [10]: 141