Naval Group

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Naval Group
Bayanai
Gajeren suna DCN
Iri kamfani da enterprise (en) Fassara
Masana'anta arms industry (en) Fassara, shipbuilding (en) Fassara da ship and floating structure construction (en) Fassara
Ƙasa Faransa
Aiki
Ƙaramar kamfani na
Kayayyaki
patrol vessel (en) Fassara, battleship (en) Fassara, nuclear submarine (en) Fassara, nuclear-powered attack submarine (en) Fassara, aircraft carrier (en) Fassara, frigate (en) Fassara da corvette (en) Fassara
Mulki
Babban mai gudanarwa Pierre-Eric Pommellet (en) Fassara
Hedkwata Faris
Tsari a hukumance public limited company with a board of directors (n.o.s.) (en) Fassara da public limited company with a board of directors (n.o.s.) (en) Fassara
Mamallaki Thales Group (en) Fassara da Agence des participations de l'État (en) Fassara
Financial data
Haraji 4,220,000,000 $ (2018)
Tarihi
Ƙirƙira 1946
Wanda ya samar

naval-group.com


Rukunin Naval (wanda a da ake kira Direction des Constructions Navales ko DCNS ) babban dan kwangila ne na kare hakkin dan adam na duniya da na Faransa da kuma wani rukunin masana'antu da suka kware a dandalin tsaro na ruwa da kuma makamashin ruwa mai sabuntawa. Kungiyar tana aiki kusa da mutane 16,000 a kasashe 18. Kamfanin mallakar wani bangare ne daga kamfanin Agence des participations de l'État, wani kamfani ne mai zaman kansa wanda kasar Faransa ta mallaki kaso 62.49%, Thales yana da 35% yayin da ma'aikata ke da kaso 1.64%. Ragowar 0.87% mallakin magaji ne na tashar jiragen ruwa na Faransa da kuma Direction des Constructions et Armes Navales (DCAN), wanda ya zama DCN ( Direction des Constructions Navales ) a 1991, DCNS a 2007 da Naval Group tun daga 2017.

Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Rukunin Naval yana da kayan tarihi kusan shekaru 400. An gina manyan filayen jirgi a Faransa a Brest (1631), Nantes-Indret (1771), Lorient (1778) kuma, daga baya, a Cherbourg (1813). Wasu kuma su bi. Tun farkon 1926, abin da muka sani a matsayin Rukunin Naval a yau ya riga ya mallaki duk abubuwan da ƙungiyar ta mallaka yanzu a cikin ƙasar Faransa.

Haihuwar tashoshin jiragen ruwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A shekarar 1624, Cardinal Richelieu, wanda shi ne Louis na XII na Firayim Ministan Faransa a lokacin, ya kirkiro da manufofin sojan ruwa wanda ya tanadi ci gaban tashoshin jiragen ruwa don bai wa Faransa isasshen ikon teku don ta yi takara da ta Ingila. An aiwatar da wannan manufar daga 1631, tare da ƙirƙirar jiragen ruwa na Ponant a cikin Atlantika da kuma jiragen ruwa na Levant a cikin Bahar Rum, da Brest dockyards da kuma fadada ƙauyukan Toulon, waɗanda aka kirkira ƙarƙashin Henri IV .[1]

Manufa ta ci gaba da manufar ta Colbert, Ministan Sojan Ruwa na Louis XIV, wanda ya kirkiro manyan mashigar ruwa da yawa. Ya tsawaita shingaye a Toulon, ya ba da umarnin a tona ragunan a Brest kuma ya kafa tashar jiragen ruwa ta Rochefort. Hisansa, Seignelay, wanda ya gaje shi a 1683, ya bi sawun sa.[2]

Networkungiyar jiragen ruwan Sojan Ruwa ta Faransa ta kara ƙarfi a ƙarni na 18. A cikin 1750, Marquis de Montalembert ya canza tsohuwar masana'antar takarda ta zama masana'antar ƙirƙira ƙira a Ruelle-sur-Touvre . A cikin 1777, Antoine de Sartine, Ministan Navy na XVI, ya buɗe mahaɗa igwa kusa da filayen jiragen ruwa a Indret. A cikin wannan shekarar, an fara aikin inganta tashar jirgin ruwa a Cherbourg, wanda aka kammala a 1813. A cikin 1778, jiragen ruwan na Lorient sun yi nasarar cin nasarar kamfanin La Compagnie des Indes du port de L'Orient .[3]

An rufe tashoshin jiragen ruwa a Rochefort a cikin 1926. A cikin 1937, an buɗe kafa a Saint-Tropez a kan tsohon rukunin kamfanin Schneider, wanda ya ƙware a cikin torpedoes. A wannan lokacin, yawancin rukunonin rukunin Faransa na Rukunin Naval sun riga sun wanzu, kuma ba su sake ba tun daga lokacin.

Masana'antu da kere-kere na kere kere[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin karni na 19, jiragen ruwa na ruwa sun sami canji yayin da aka maye gurbin jiragen ruwan da jiragen ruwa. Shafukan sun kasance na masana'antu kuma sannu-sannu kwararru. A cikin 1865, tashoshin jiragen ruwa a Brest sun zama sojoji na musamman, tare da rufe tashar Penfeld zuwa jiragen ruwa na kasuwanci. A cikin 1898, bayan da suka ƙware a ginin jirgi tare da keɓaɓɓun abubuwa maimakon jirgi, filayen jirgi a Cherbourg an ɗora su ne kawai tare da gina jiragen ruwa na ƙasan ruwa. A ƙarshe, a cikin 1927, wata doka ta ba da cikakken bayani game da misalan filayen jiragen ruwa daban-daban: [4] Brest da Lorient an ɗora musu alhakin gina manyan jiragen ruwa, Cherbourg tare da kera jiragen ruwa, yayin da Toulon, Bizerte da Saigon suka ɗauki nauyin kula da rundunar.

Wannan fahimtar matsayin na tashar jiragen ruwan ya kasance tare da sabbin fasahohin kere-kere da na soji da kuma kera jiragen ruwa a wani matakin da ya dace, kan asalin tseren makamai da mulkin mallaka. A cikin 1858, Gloire, jirgi na farko da ke zuwa teku a duniya ya tashi daga ƙofar ruwa a Toulon. Shekarun 1860 sun ga isowar jiragen ruwa na farko na jirgin ruwa da na ruwa, tare da ƙaddamar da Plongeur a 1863. Matsalolin fasaha da wannan jirgin ruwan da aka fara amfani da shi da farko ya fuskanta ya nuna cewa ya kasance samfurin ne maimakon jirgin yakin aiki. Amma hakan ya bude hanyar gina Gymnote a shekarar 1886 da Le Narval a 1899, wadanda sune jiragen ruwa na farko a jirgin ruwa wadanda suka fara aiki a tarihi.

Hakanan an ƙaddamar da samar da jiragen ruwa masu nauyi a cikin 1910s. An gina jiragen ruwa da yawa kafin farkon Yaƙin Duniya na ,aya, kuma rundunar ta sami ƙarfi ta hanyar Richelieu mai nauyin 35,000 a cikin 1939.

Sake tsara ayyukan[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin 1946, nazari game da tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Faransa sun kammala aikin mallakar shafukan yanar gizo daban-daban da aka sanar a cikin dokar 1927. An dorawa Brest aikin samarwa da gyara manyan jiragen ruwa, Lorient tare da gina kananan jiragen ruwa masu matsakaici, Cherbourg tare da jiragen ruwa na karkashin ruwa da Toulon tare da gyara da kula da jiragen. Daga cikin wuraren da ke cikin teku, Indret ya karɓi ayyukan tura jirgin ruwa, Ruelle gina bindigogi, manyan sassa da kayan lantarki, Saint-Tropez samar da torpedoes da Guérigny ginin sarƙoƙin jiragen ruwa da anka. Shafuka guda biyar suna kasashen waje: Mers el-Kébir, Bizerte, Dakar, Diego-Suarez da Papeete .

Har zuwa 1961, rundunar sojan ruwan Faransa ta gyara da kuma gyara jirgin kanta, ta hanyar Directions des Constructions et Armes Navales (DCAN) a cikin mashigar ruwa. Injiniyoyin da ke aiki a cikin DCAN sun kasance jami'ai ne a bangaren injiniyan sojojin ruwan Faransa. A wannan lokacin, mashigar ruwa ta balle daga Rundunar Sojan Ruwa, inda suka samar da dama don fadada ayyukansu a cikin shekarun 1970s.

DCAN guda ɗaya ta rufe duk manyan yankuna da ƙofar ruwa na ƙetare, suna ba da rahoto ga Direction Technique des Constructions Navales (DTCN). Hakanan, DTCN ya kasance mai ba da amsa ga Délégation Ministérielle pour l'Armement (DMA), wanda Michel Debré ya kafa . A cikin 1977, la DMA ya zama Délégation Générale de l'Armement (DGA). Manufar wannan garambawul ita ce ta sanya duk wata rundunar soja da ke aiki karkashin ikon gwamnati ta tsara dukkanin karfin rundunonin soji da karfinsu. [5]

A cikin 1958, ƙaddamar da hukuma ta Janar de Gaulle na shirin nukiliyar sojan Faransa da manufofin hanawa ya haifar da sake fasalin masana'antar tsaro da fasahar tsaro.

Aikin Cœlacanthe ya tattaro DTCN da Faransancin Alternative Energies da Atomic Energy Commission, kuma a cikin 1971, Redoutable, jirgin ruwan makami mai linzami na farko da Faransa ta harba, ya fara aiki.

Canzawa zuwa kamfani[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Yanayin tattalin arziƙin ƙasa da mulkin mallaka a cikin 1970s ya jagoranci DCAN don shiga cikin sababbin kasuwanni. Asarar jiragen ruwan na ƙetare na ƙasashen waje sun haɗu da rage yawan buƙatun Sojojin Ruwa na Faransa don jiragen ruwa da ƙara wahala wajen samun kuɗi. Wannan yanayin ya kara saurin tafiya bayan karshen yakin cacar baka, duk da yawan ayyukan DCAN, wanda a yanzu ya hada da kiyaye hanyar sadarwar wutar lantarki da share ma'adinai daga bakin teku. Wasu rukunin yanar gizo kuma sun kware a ayyukan farar hula: Brest ya gina manyan motoci, Guérigny ya kera injunan noma kuma Toulon ya samar da jiragen ruwa na farar hula (yachts, liners).

Amma, duba bayan littattafan umarni, yanayin jama'a ne na DCAN wanda a hankali aka fara tambayarsa, kuma aka dauke shi a matsayin cikas na gudanarwa ga ci gaban tasirin tashar jiragen ruwa ta Faransa.

Wannan canjin ya faru a matakai da yawa. A cikin 1991, an yiwa DCAN bikin DCN (Direction des Construction Navales). A cikin wannan shekarar, an ƙirƙiri DCN International. Manufar wannan PLC shine inganta ayyukan DCN akan sikelin duniya da kuma sauƙaƙe fitar da kayan sa zuwa ƙasashen waje.

A cikin 1992, ayyukan DCN na jihar suna haɗe da sashen Shirye-shiryen Naval (SPN), wanda shine hukumar da ke ba da kwangilar jiragen ruwa na sojojin ruwan Faransa. Tun daga wannan lokacin, DCN tana da alhakin ayyukan masana'antu ne kawai, yayin da ta kasance wani ɓangare na DGA. Wannan canjin matsayin ya baiwa DCN International damar samarwa da DCN tallafi na kasuwanci da kuma na shari'a wajen bunkasa kasuwancin ta na duniya tun karshen shekarun 1990s.

Dabarar ci gaban da DCN International ta bi ta haifar da sanya hannu kan manyan kwangiloli da yawa. A cikin 1994, Agosta -klass guda uku zuwa Pakistan, kuma, a cikin 1997, Scorpène-class An gina jiragen ruwa don jiragen ruwa don Chile. An kuma ci kwangila a shekarar 2000 don samar da Formidable -klass guda shida frigates zuwa Singapore. A cikin 2007, an sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da Malesiya don jiragen ruwa na Scorpène biyu, ta hannun reshen Armaris.[6]

DCN ta kuma sami kwangila a fannin hako mai daga waje. A cikin 1997, shafin Brest ya sabunta dandamalin Sedco 707 kuma yanzu yana gina SFX nau'ikan matatun mai. [7]

A cikin 1999, DCN ta zama hukuma tare da hukumar ƙasa (SCN), tana ba da rahoto kai tsaye ga Ma'aikatar Tsaro. A ƙarshe, a cikin 2001, gwamnatin Faransa ta yanke shawarar canza DCN zuwa cikakken kamfani mai zaman kansa mai ikon mallakar kamfanoni. Canjin matsayi ya fara aiki a cikin 2003. DCN ta zama kawai DCN, wacce ta daina tsayawa don Direction des Constructions Navales .

Ci gaba da ci gaba da ƙungiyar DCNS[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Logo na DCNS daga 2007 zuwa 2017

A cikin 2007, DCN ta sami reshen ayyukan sojan ruwan Faransa na Thales, Armaris, tsohon reshen da aka raba daidai tsakanin DCN da Thales, da MOPA2, kamfanin da ke kula da aikin don kera jirgi na biyu. Don ƙarfafa sabon asalinsa, ƙungiyar da aka samu sunan ta DCNS. Thales sun sami kaso 25% a cikin babban rukunin ƙungiyar. A cikin 2011, Thales ya haɓaka rabonsa na babban birnin DCNS zuwa 35%.[8]


Ginin keɓaɓɓen frigata mai aiki ( FREMM ) ya fara a 2007. A shekarar 2008, wani jirgi mara matuki ya sauka a kan jirgin ruwa a teku a karon farko a tarihi. A cikin 2013, ƙungiyar ta kafa DCNS Research don haɓaka ayyukanta na bincike. An kafa DCNS Indiya a cikin 2008, saboda kwangila biyu da aka sanya hannu a cikin 2005 da 2008 don isar da jiragen ruwa na zamani guda shida na Scorpène. Hakazalika, a cikin 2013, an buɗe wani yanki na yin jirgin ruwa a cikin Brazil. Ungiyar ta ƙirƙiri Jami'ar DCNS a cikin 2013 don isar da horo na ciki da waje.

A ranar 28 ga Yuni 2017, DCNS ya canza suna zuwa Kungiyar Naval

Ayyuka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ayyukan Naval na Rukuni na iya kasu kashi biyu a manyan fannoni biyu: tsaron sojan ruwa, babban kasuwancin kungiyar (jiragen ruwa, jiragen ruwa, gudanar da shirye-shiryen gudanar da karfi), da samar da makamashi da abubuwan ci gaban ruwa (makamashin ruwa mai sabuntawa, makamashin nukiliya na farar hula, gina jiragen ruwa tushe da kuma tashoshin wutar lantarki).

Kariyar jirgin ruwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Rukunin Rukunin Naval ya tsara, haɓakawa da sarrafa shirye-shiryen aiki na tsarin ruwa da na ruwa, da kuma tsarin haɗin gwiwa da abubuwan more rayuwa. A matsayina na mai gudanar da aiki da kuma hada karfi da karfe, Rukunin Sojan Ruwa ya tsoma baki tare da dukkanin darajojin, daga shirin shirin dabaru, zuwa tsara, gini da kuma gudanar da shirye-shiryen aiki.

Worksungiyar tana aiki tare da sojojin ruwan Faransa da sauran sojojin ruwa, don samfuran al'ada, kuma tare da izinin gwamnatin Faransa. Hakanan yana ba da ƙwarewar soja ga Sojan Sama na Faransa don tsara keɓaɓɓiyar kewayawa da tsarin yaƙi, da kuma gyara jirgin sama.

Tsarin jiragen ruwa na ruwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Frigates masu yawa-manufa: FREMM -girgin frigates
  • Frigates masu yawa-manufa: Tsarin Jirgin Ruwa na ƙarni na biyu don Royal Navy na Royal, bisa ga Gowind-class corvette
  • Air frigates: Horizon-class frigates
  • Matsakaici-tannage tasoshin: Gowind-class corvettes
  • Masu jigila: French aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle
  • Masu Mistral helikofta : Mistral -class LHD
  • Gina jiragen sama marasa matuka ga sojojin ruwa

Jirgin ruwa na ruwa da makamai na karkashin ruwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Jirgin ruwa na ruwa na Scorpène aji, Andrasta aji da Attack aji
  • Jirgin ruwan Nukiliya: jirgin ruwan nukiliya mai linzami na jirgin nukiliya Triomphant aji da Redoutable aji
  • Jirgin ruwan Nukiliya: Rubis aji da Barracuda aji
  • Ka'idojin haɗin gwiwa: jerin Sous-Marin Experimental (SMX) na kamfanin sun bincika ra'ayoyin ci gaba game da yaƙin jirgin ruwa. [9] Inaya daga cikin jerin - SMX-25 - an tsara shi don isa cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo cikin hanzari ta hanyar saurin saman sama sannan kuma yayi aiki azaman ruwan karkashin ruwa. [10] [11]
  • F21 manyan motoci masu nauyi
  • MU90 motocin nauyi masu nauyi

Hanyoyin samar da makamashi da na ruwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kungiyar ta hada kai da EDF , da CEA da AREVA wajen gina tashoshin wutar lantarki na EPR da kuma kula da tashoshin samar da makamashin nukiliya. Rukunin Sojan Ruwa kuma yana gina tsire-tsire da wutar lantarki mai amfani da lantarki da kuma tasoshin jiragen ruwa. Designedungiyar ta tsara tashoshin wutar lantarki a Mayotte, La Réunion da Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon. Tun shekara ta 2008, suna ta nazarin wata ma'anar ƙaramar tashar nukiliya (50 zuwa 250 MWe) mai suna Flexblue .[12]

Rukunin Naval yana saka hannun jari a cikin fasahohin ruwa guda uku masu sabuntawa: injinan ruwa na yanzu, jujjuyawar wutar lantarki a cikin teku, da kuma iska mai yawo a iska. Tun lokacin da ta sami ikon kamfanin Irish na OpenHydro a cikin 2013, Naungiyar Naval ta sami ci gaba daga ɓangaren bincike da haɓaka zuwa masana'antar masana'antu.[13]

Nauyin kamfanoni[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

kungiyar Naval tana aiki da shirye-shirye da yawa don haɓaka horo da haɗakar ƙwararru. Hasungiyar ta sanya hannu kan Pacte PME, wanda ke haɓaka dangantaka tsakanin manyan kamfanoni da ƙananan masana'antu da kuma kafa haɗin gwiwa tare da manyan jami'o'i da cibiyoyin ilimi. Tsakanin 2006 da 2013, DCNS ta shirya Trophée Poséidon don ɗalibai a makarantun injiniya, wanda ya ba da lada ga ayyukan ɗalibai a fannonin kirkire-kirkire da yanayin teku.

Tsakanin 2008 da 2014, Naungiyar Naval ta kuma gudanar da shirin haɗakarwa na kwararru don duka mutanen da ke da ƙwarewar fasaha da kuma mutane ba tare da kowane ƙwarewa ba, wanda ake kira Filières du Talent . A cikin 2010, wannan shirin ya sami lada ta Trophée national 2010 de l'entreprise citoyenne .[14]

Hakanan DCNS ta kasance cikin duniyar yachting shekaru da yawa ta hanyar musayar fasahohin ta kuma ta hanyar tallafawa da ayyukan nasiha. kungiyar ƙawancen Grand-Prix de l ' École Navale ne, [15] wani regatta da aka gudanar kusa da yankin tsibirin Crozon tun shekara ta 2001. Hakanan ya kasance abokin haɗin gwiwa na Pôle France Voile a Brest tun shekara ta 2007, kuma yana aiki don ƙwarewar ƙwararrun tsoffin 'yan wasa da matan wasanni.

A cikin 2008, DCNS ta gina ƙwallon ƙafa guda ɗaya DCNS 1000, jirgin ruwan da aka tsara don tsere-zagaye na duniya, wanda aka nuna a cikin fim ɗin 2013 En Solitaire, na Christophe Offenstein, wanda François Cluzet ya fito .

A yau, Rukunin Naval ya kuma raba ƙwarewar fasaharsa a cikin kayan haɗi don ƙwanƙwasawa da kuma cikin tsarin kewayawa ta hanyar gina gwajin gwaji 'L' Hydroptère, [16] kuma ta haɗu da ƙungiyar Areva Challenge da ta halarci Kofin Amurka a 2007. Industrialungiyar masana'antar Naval Group a Toulon ta kasance abokiyar haɗin gwiwar kulob din rugby na Toulon tun daga 2005.[17]

Kungiya[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

kungiyar Naval kamfani ne mai iyakantaccen kamfani wanda ƙasar Faransa ke riƙe da hannun jarin 62.49%. A Thales kungiyoyin riko 35% na babban birnin kasar, da kuma sauran 2,51% ana yi har na kamfanin & ma'aikata hannun jari . A ƙarshen 2016, Naungiyar Sojan Ruwa ta ɗauki mutane 12,771 aiki, fiye da rabi daga cikinsu ma'aikata ne masu zaman kansu, yayin da ɗayan rabin ma'aikatan gwamnati ne. Isungiyar tana cikin ƙasashe 18 kuma ta shiga ƙawance da yawa a wajen Faransa ta hanyar rassa da haɗin gwiwa.

Gudanarwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Shugaba da Shugaba: Hervé Guillou
  • Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa, Ci Gaban: Marie-Pierre de Bailliencourt
  • Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa, Kudi, Doka & Sayayya: Frank Le Rebeller

Bayanin kudi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

2012 2013
Koma (biliyan €) 3.36 2.93
Umarni masu ƙarfi (biliyan €) 2.53 2.27
Littafin oda (biliyan €) 14.46 13.22
Riba mai aiki (miliyan €) 208.5 166.4
Net riba (miliyan €) 163.7 104.1

Shafuka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A Faransa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Rukunin Naval yana aiki da shafuka 10 a Faransa. Kowane rukunin yanar gizo yana da ƙwarewa a cikin wani aikin na musamman.

  • Bagneux: tsarin bayanai da sa ido
  • Brest: ayyuka, shirye-shiryen aiki na jiragen ruwa da na ruwa, kiyaye kayayyakin masarufin tashar jiragen ruwa na Navy, makamashin ruwa mai sabuntawa. Gidan yanar gizon yana cikin ƙauyukan Brest, a yankin Froutven da kan Île Longue . Mai ruwa da tsaki ne a Pôle Mer Bretagne .
  • Cherbourg: samar da jiragen ruwa na karkashin ruwa
  • Toulon-Ollioules: tsarin bayanai da sa ido
  • Lorient: tsarin tsaro na ruwa
  • Nantes-Indret da Tekun Teknocampus: jiragen ruwa na karkashin ruwa, bincike da ci gaba, tursasa makaman nukiliya. Co-wanda ya kafa cibiyar ingantaccen EMC
  • Paris: babban ofishin kungiyar
  • Ruelle-sur-Touvre: jiragen ruwa na ruwa, na atomatik tsarin, simulators, horo
  • Saint-Tropez: makamai na karkashin ruwa (torpedoes)
  • Toulon: aiyuka, kiyaye jiragen ruwa da jigilar jirgin sama na Charles de Gaulle

Duniya[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Rukunin Naval yana da ofisoshi a Australia, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, Chile, United Arab Emirates, Girka, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Norway da Pakistan. Hakanan ana wakiltar ƙungiyar a duk faɗin duniya ta hanyar rassa da haɗin gwiwa, waɗanda suke mallakar su gaba ɗaya ko aiki tare da wasu kamfanoni.[18]

Turai-Gabas ta Tsakiya[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Faransa:
    • Sirehna, wani kamfani ne na 100%: hydrodynamics naval, hanyoyin kewaya jiragen ruwa da saukar da mafita ga jiragen ruwa, kasa ko jiragen sama da jirage
    • Sabis ɗin Kula da Yanayi, ƙungiya ce ta kashi 49%, tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da Veolia Environnement: kayayyakin more rayuwa da yawa
    • Kership, ƙawancen haɗin gwiwa na kashi 45%, tare da Piriou: jiragen ruwa masu matsakaicin nauyi na ƙasar Faransa
  • Ireland:
    • OpenHydro, wani kamfani ne na 62% mallakar Naval Energies: injin turbin na yanzu
  • Saudi Arabiya:
    • Tallafin DCNS, kamfani na 100% mallakar: taimako ga Naungiyar valungiyar Naval Group na shirye shiryen aiki

Asiya-Fasifik[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Indiya:
    • Rukunin Naval Group India, kamfani na 100% mallakar: tallafi don ayyukan fasaha da bincike a cikin filayen jirgin ruwan ruwa na cikin gida
  • Malaysia:
    • DCNS Malaysia, kamfani na 100% mallakar: taimako ga Rukunin Naval a cikin ayyukan cikin gida
    • Kamfanin Naus na Boustead DCNS, kamfani na 40% mallakar, tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da Boustead: shirye-shiryen aiki na jiragen ruwa
  • Singapore:
    • DCNS Far East, wani kamfani ne na 100%: kayan aiki da kulawa don tsarin jiragen ruwa da na iska da na teku
  • Ostiraliya
    • Rukunin Naval Group Australia, kamfani na 100% mallakar: an ba da kwangilar SEA1000 a cikin 2016 azaman DCNS Ostiraliya ta Gwamnatin Australiya . Wanda ke da alhakin zana jiragen ruwa na Goma goma sha biyu masu zuwa na Royal Australian Navy . [19]

Amurka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Brazil:
    • Rukunin Naval do Brasil, wani kamfani ne na 100%: ofishin tallace-tallace na kungiyar a Brazil
    • Prosin, wani kamfani ne na 100% mallakar Naval Group do Brasil: Hakkin injiniyan injiniyan ruwa a cikin Brazil
    • Itaguaí Construções Navais, wata ƙungiya ce ta kashi 41%, tare da haɗin gwiwar Gwamnatin Brazil : gina jiragen ruwa a ƙarƙashin wani ɓangare na kwangilar da DCNS ya sanya hannu tare da Sojojin Ruwa na Brazil .
  • Kanada:
    • DCNS Technologies Canada Inc, wani kamfani ne na 100%: ofishin tallace-tallace na ƙungiyar a Kanada

Rigima[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

DCN / DCNS suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a "ɗayan manyan rikice-rikicen siyasa da na kuɗi na Faransa na ƙarni na ƙarshe [wanda ya bar] tafarkin mutuwar mutane takwas da ba a bayyana ba, kusan dala biliyan biliyan cikin ɓatattun kuɗaɗe da zarge-zargen damuwa na haɗin gwiwar gwamnati" wanda aka haɗa da sayar da jiragen ruwan yaki ga Taiwan a cikin 1990s.[20]

Jirgin ruwa mai aji mai nauyi na Scorpène kafin isarwa zuwa Malaysia

Baya ga batutuwan da suka shafi sayar da jiragen ruwa ga Taiwan da aka ambata a sama, masu shigar da kara na Faransa sun fara binciken laifuka da yawa na cin hanci da rashawa a cikin 2010 da ya shafi tallace-tallace daban-daban na karkashin ruwa, tare da yiwuwar cin hanci da rashawa da kuma cin hanci ga manyan jami'ai a Faransa. Musamman abubuwan da masu shigar da kara suka nuna shine sayar da jiragen ruwa masu saukar ungulu samfurin Scorpène ga kasashe kamar India da Malaysia. [21] Kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta Suaram ce ta sanya binciken a Malaysia saboda ya shafi Firayim Minista Najib Tun Razak lokacin da yake ministan tsaro da kuma abokinsa Abdul Razak Baginda [22] wanda ake zargin an biya kamfaninsa Primekar wata babbar hukuma yayin sayen wasu biyu. Jirgin ruwan karkashin ruwa na Scorpène. [23] Masu binciken Faransa suna da sha'awar gaskiyar cewa an kirkiro Perimekar 'yan watanni kaɗan kafin a sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar tare da gwamnatin Malaysia da DCNS kuma Firayim Minista ba shi da wani tarihi na yin hidimar jiragen ruwa kuma ba shi da ikon kuɗi don tallafawa kwangilar. [24] Bincike ya kuma nuna cewa wani kamfani a Hong Kong da ake kira Terasasi Ltd wanda daraktocin su ne Razak Baginda da mahaifinsa, ya sayar da takaddun bayanan tsaron ruwan Malesiya ga DCNS.[25] Har ila yau, a karkashin binciken akwai zargin karbar kudi da kuma kisan Shaariibuugiin Altantuyaa, mai fassara wanda ya yi aiki kan yarjejeniyar. [26]

A ranar 15 ga Disambar 2015, kotunan Faransa suka tuhumi Bernard Baiocco, tsohon shugaban Thales International Asia saboda biyan diyya ga Abdul Razak Baginda. A lokaci guda ana tuhumar daraktan kamfanin kera jirgin DCN International da amfani da kadarorin kamfanoni ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba.[27][28][29][30]

A ranar 24 ga watan Agustan 2016, Kafafen yada labarai na Australiya ne suka ruwaito cewa an sami kwararar rahoto mai shafi 22,000 game da jirgin ruwan karkashin ruwa mai nasaba da Scorpène da a halin yanzu Indiya ke ginawa a wani bangare na yarjejeniyar dala biliyan 3.5. Zargin da ake zargin kwararar bayanan sirri game da Scorpène an yi ikirarin cewa yana dauke ne da bayanai game da boye, na'urori masu auna sigina, karar karar jirgin karkashin ruwa a zurfin teku daban-daban, bayanan acoustic, da sauransu. [31]

Sojojin Ruwa na Indiya sun zarga da laifin kwararar bayanan kan wasu kafofin na kasashen waje da ba a ambata suna ba, mai yiwuwa daga satar bayanan sirri.[32]

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ "ASNOM - Association Amicale Santé Navale et d'Outre Mer". Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  2. ↑ - Extension on the French dockyards[permanent dead link]
  3. ↑ John Pike. "French Shipbuilding Industry". Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  4. ↑ Decree of 22 avril 1927 on the Navy's organization, Journal Officiel de la République Française, 1927
  5. ↑ Yves FREVILLE, "La réorganisation du MCO et la création du service de soutien de la flotte", Information report by the French Senate n°426, 2005
  6. ↑ "France Submarine Import and Export Behavior - NTI". Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  7. ↑ - Global developments spur French contracting business, 1998
  8. ↑ "Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's - IHS". Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  9. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  10. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  11. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  12. ↑ http://www.lemonde.fr/depeches/2011/01/20/le-reacteur-sous-marin-nouveau-fleuron-de-l-industrie-nucleaire-francaise_3244_108_44231151.html[permanent dead link]
  13. ↑ "DCNS prend le contrôle d'Openhydro". Mer et Marine (in Faransanci). 2013.
  14. ↑ "DCNS reçoit le Trophée National de l'Entreprise Citoyenne". Mer et Marine (in Faransanci). Retrieved 2014-09-18.
  15. ↑ "Partners". GPEN. Archived from the original on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2014-09-18.
  16. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  17. ↑ "Partenariat DCNS". RC Toulon (in Faransanci). Archived from the original on 24 September 2014. Retrieved 2014-09-18.
  18. ↑ Astrid APERT. "DCNS". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  19. ↑ "History - DCNS Australia". DCNS Australia (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 2015-12-04. Retrieved 2017-03-04.
  20. ↑ Schofield, Hugh (1 December 2003). "Book delves into frigate scandal". BBC News. Archived from the original on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
  21. ↑ "Asia Sentinel - Malaysia's Submarine Scandal Surfaces in France". Archived from the original on 2011-07-06. Retrieved 2021-06-10.
  22. ↑ "French legal team in Malaysia to probe sub deal". 28 April 2010. Archived from the original on 1 May 2010. The submarine deal was crafted during the tenure of the then-Defence Minister Najib Tun Razak, now prime minister, in 2002. As a result of the pact, RM3.7 billion in commission went to Najib's closest associate Abdul Razak Baginda.
  23. ↑ "France probes corruption in arms to Malaysia". Archived from the original on 14 August 2014. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  24. ↑ Malaysians allege graft in French submarine deal - BusinessWeek
  25. ↑ "Thank You Malaysia". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  26. ↑ "French judges begins bribery probe". Vancouver Sun. 7 May 2012. Archived from the original on 13 May 2012.
  27. ↑ "Thank You Malaysia". Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  28. ↑ "Scorpene scandal resurfaces, Suaram vindicated". Free Malaysia Today. Archived from the original on 5 February 2016. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  29. ↑ "France opens probe into 'bribery' of Malaysia's Najib Razak". Financial Times. 4 February 2016.
  30. ↑ "Contract-winning French sub builder DCNS tied up in deadly Malaysian bribery saga". The Sydney Morning Herald. 23 May 2016.
  31. ↑ "Over 20,000 pages of top-secret data about India's mega submarine project leaked, says The Australian". Quartz. 23 August 2016.
  32. ↑ "'A Case of Hacking': Parrikar on Indian Navy's Submarine Data Leak". 23 August 2016. Archived from the original on 26 August 2016. Retrieved 10 June 2021.
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