Tahera Qutbuddin

  Tahera Qutbuddin (an haife ta a shekara ta 1964, Bombay ) farfesa ce a adabin Larabci a Jami'ar Chicago . ' Yar uwa ga Guggenheim a shekara ta(2020) kuma wadda ta lashe kyautar Littafin Sheikh Zayed a shekara ta 2021, ta shahara da ayyukanta kan larabci da kuma amfani da Larabci a Indiya, musamman a al'adar Dawudi Bohra .

Rayuwarta

An haifi Tahera Qutbuddin a Bombay a cikin shekara ta 1964 a cikin dangin Dawudi Bohra. Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin, shugaban al'ummar Bohra, danginsu ne. Ta halarci makarantar sakandare ta Villa Theresa da Kwalejin Sophia na Mata, inda ta kammala karatun sakandarenta a shekara ta 1984.

Qutbuddin ta koyi larabci daga wajen mahaifinta Khuzaima Qutbuddin. Ta sami digiri na farkoa shekara ta (1988) da tamhidi magister a shekara ta(1990) daga Jami'ar Ain Shams, Alkahira, sannan digiri na biyua shekara ta (1994) da digiri na uku daga Jami'ar Harvard a shekara ta(1999), inda mai ba ta shawara Wolfhart Heinrichs .

Sana'arta

A cikin shekara ta 2002, Qutbuddin ta shiga Sashen Harsunan Gabas Kusa da wayewa na Jami'ar Chicago. An sanya ta Masanin Carnegie a cikin shekara ta 2008 da ɗan'uwan Guggenheim (2020).

Daga cikin wallafe-wallafenta na farko akwai nazarin harshen Larabci a Indiya, musamman a tsakanin Dawudi Bohras, da tasirinsa a kan wa'azin harshen Gujarati na Taher Fakhruddin .

Littafin Qutbuddin na shekarar 2005 Al-Mu˒ayyad al-Shirāzī and Fāṭimid Da˓wa Poetry. Wani shari'ar sadaukarwa a cikin adabin Larabci na gargajiya ya faɗaɗa kan karatun digirinta na shekarar 1999. An ɗauka tana da mahimmanci musamman don samun damar samun rubutun Tayyibi Ismaili Da˓wa na sirri a Indiya. Ta nuna cewa Al-Mu˒ayyad al-Shirāzī babban ɗan bidi'a ne wajen haɓaka ƙwararrun adabi, watau wallafe-wallafen da wani wanda ya gamsu da wata akida ya samar da shi, sannan ya nemi ya shawo kan al'umma kan gaskiyarta. Ta nuna cewa waƙar Fatimid kafin al-Shirāzī ta kasance mai salo da kuma jigo kamar na Abbasiyawa, waɗanda manyan abubuwan da suka yi amfani dasu sune ƴan ta'adda, alhali ayyukan al-Shirāzi gabaɗaya suna cikin haɓaka Da˓wa. Ta kuma nuna yadda al'adun Tayyibi Ismail suka ƙaura zuwa Yemen sannan daga baya a Indiya bayan mutuwar al-Shirāzī, inda tasirin waƙarsa a kan al'ummar Dawudi Bohra ya wanzu har izuwa yau.

A cikin shekara ta 2013, Qutbuddin ta buga fassarar fassarar Al-Qādi Al-Quḍā'ī na tarin zantuka da wa'azin Imam Ali da Al-Jāhiẓ na karin magana da aka jingina ga Ali. An dauke shi a matsayin tabbataccen aiki kamar yadda aka yi la'akari da duk bugu da rubuce-rubucen da ake da su, sabanin fassarar da suka gabata na waɗannan muhimman misalan adabin addinin Musulunci. Musamman ma, an yaba mata saboda ingancin fassarar, wanda ke isar da daɗaɗɗen kalmomin larabci da kuma bambancin ma'anarsu.

Littafin Qutbuddin na Larabci Oration – Art and Function a shekara ta (2019) ya samo adabin Larabci daga asalinsa na baka zuwa tasirinsa kan wa’azin zamani. Ta ƙirƙiro tsarin kwatance tsakanin harshen Larabci da na Girikanci, ta kuma bincika yadda baƙar magana ta kasance tushen ginshiƙan siyasa da magana da jama'a, daga nan kuma ga adabi. Ta yi aiki a kai sama da shekaru goma, kodayake tana da ra'ayin hakan a lokacin datayi karatun digirinta a Alkahira. Ta yi nazari a kan mizanin al'adu da ke kewaye da Imam Ali da kyawawan wa'azinsa. Ta kafa cewa wa'azin jama'a ta hanyar khutbah sananne har zuwa yau ya samo asali ne daga maganganun jahiliyya, tare da nassosi tun shekaru da yawa kafin kafuwar imani. Yawancin littattafan da ake watsawa da baki sun ɓace amma nassoshi da yawa a cikin Larabci sun tsira. Maganganun ya dogara da yawa akan hotunan gani, amma musamman akan kari da tsarin nahawu iri ɗaya a kowane layi, yana aiki don ƙarfafa saƙon a cikin zukatan masu sauraro. Qutbuddin ta kuma gano cewa mata sun rike mukamai masu muhimmanci a cikin al'ummar Musulunci na farko amma baza'a ba su damar yin magana a bainar jama'aba kawai a lokacin da ake cikin mawuyacin hali. Misali shi ne shelenta ‘yar Imam Ali Zainab, wacce bayan cin kashin da zuriyar Ali suka yi a yakin Karbala, ta dora wa Yazid na daya daga cikin wadanda sukayi nasara.

A cikin shekara ta 2021, Qutbuddin tana aiki a kan Imam Ali, khalifan Musulunci na huɗu, mai suna Ali ibn Abi Talib: Rayuwa, Koyarwa, da Faɗar Sage na Musulunci . Ahlus-Sunnah da Shi'a suna kallon Ali a matsayin jagorar jagora ga rayuwa a duniya da sama; maganganunsa abin koyi ne kuma masu kyau, tare da ƙawata, ƙamus mai wahala. Qutbuddin ta mai da hankali kan alakar da ke tsakanin bangarorin siyasa, addini da adabi na rayuwarta, da nufin sake gina rayuwarta.

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