'Yancin Addini a Aljeriya
 'Yancin Addini a Aljeriya | |
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freedom of religion by country (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙasa | Aljeriya |
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'Yancin addini a Aljeriya[1] Kundin tsarin mulkin kasar Aljeriya ne ya tsara shi, wanda ya ayyana Musulunci a matsayin addinin kasa (Sashe na 2) amma kuma ya bayyana cewa "'yancin akida da ra'ayi ba shi da wani laifi" (Sashe na 36); ta haramta wariya, Mataki na ashirin da tara ya ce “Dukkan ‘yan kasa daidai suke a gaban doka. Ba za a nuna wariya ba saboda haihuwa, launin fata, sex, ra'ayi ko wani yanayi na mutum ko zamantakewa ko yanayi." A aikace, gwamnati gabaɗaya tana mutunta wannan, tare da wasu keɓantacce.
Dubawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gwamnati na bin tsarin haƙƙin addini, a cikin ƙayyadaddun lokuta, gudanar da ayyukan addini da waɗanda ba musulmi ba a babban birni ke buɗewa ga jama'a. Kananan mabiya addinin kirista da kananan yahudawa gaba daya suna gudanar da addininsu ba tare da tsoma bakin gwamnati ba, ko da yake an sha samun lokuta da dama da gwamnatin Aljeriya ta rufe wuraren ibadar da ba musulmi ba, a baya-bayan nan daga shekarar 2017-2019 a lokacin da aka tilastawa rufe majami'u Kiristoci goma sha takwas. Dokar ba ta amince da auren mata musulmi da mazan da ba musulmi ba; amma duk da haka ta amince da auren musulmi maza da mata wadanda ba musulmi ba. A shari’a, yara suna bin addinin ubanninsu, ko da an haife su a kasashen waje kuma ’yan kasarsu (wanda ba musulmi ba) ne.
A cikin Musulunci
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gwamnatin Aljeriya na nada limamai a masallatai tare da ba da jagoranci ga baki daya kan wa'azi. Sai dai a tsawon lokacin da wannan rahoto ya yi tsokaci an samu rahotannin cewa mabiya sun maye gurbin limamai da gwamnati ta nada da wadanda ra'ayinsu ya yi daidai da ra'ayin malaman gida. Gwamnati na sanya ido kan ayyukan da ake yi a masallatai saboda yiwuwar laifukan da suka shafi tsaro, tare da hana amfani da masallatai a matsayin wuraren taron jama'a a waje da lokutan sallah na yau da kullun, tare da kira ga limamai zuwa ma'aikatar kula da harkokin addini don "daukar ladabtarwa" lokacin da aka ba da izini.
Gyaran dokar Penal Code a shekara ta 2001 ya kafa tsauraran hukunce-hukuncen da suka hada da tara da kuma hukuncin gidan yari ga duk wanda ba limamin da gwamnati ta nada wanda ya yi wa'azi a masallaci ba. Ma’aikatar kula da harkokin addini ta hada kai da limamai a wasu yankuna domin rage tsatsauran ra’ayin addini, biyo bayan rahotannin da ke cewa ‘yan Salafiyya sun yi kira da a kaurace wa salloli na musamman, da raba masallatai tsakanin mabiya Salafiyya da wadanda ba ‘yan Salafiyya ba, da ‘yancin jagorantar darussan addini da riko da addini. taron karawa juna sani. An kafa hukunci mai tsauri ga kowane mutum, gami da limamai da gwamnati ta keɓe, idan irin waɗannan mutanen sun yi "saɓanin yanayin masallacin" ko kuma suka yi "mai yiwuwa su ɓata haɗin kan jama'a". Canje-canjen ba su fayyace ayyukan da za su zama irin waɗannan ayyukan ba. A bisa doka, an ba wa Gwamnati damar tantance wa’azin addini kafin a gabatar da su a bainar jama’a. Koyaya, a aikace gwamnati gabaɗaya tana bitar wa'azi bayan gaskiyar lamarin. Ba a yi amfani da haƙƙin gwamnati na sake dubawa a tsakanin waɗanda ba na Musulunci ba.
A shekara ta 2003, gwamnati ta sanya takunkumi ga limamai da dama saboda wa'azi masu tayar da hankali da suka biyo bayan girgizar kasa na ranar 21 ga watan Mayu da kuma tafsirin Kur'ani "mai yiwuwa ya bata hadin kan jama'a". Ma'aikatar kula da harkokin addini ta bayar da wasu tallafi na kudi ga masallatai kuma a tsawon lokacin da wannan rahoto ya yi tsokaci ya yi kokarin fadada ikonta kan horar da limamai ta wata cibiyar koyar da ilimin addinin musulunci da gwamnati ke gudanarwa. A ƙarshen lokacin da wannan rahoto ya ƙunshi, babu wata makaranta da aka kafa da gaske.
Ga wadanda ba musulmi ba
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Mutanen da ba su da alaƙa da addini sun kasance suna da yawa musamman a cikin Kabylie (yankin da ake magana da Kabyle ) inda gabaɗaya ake jure su kuma wani lokaci ana tallafa musu; musamman, Matoub Lounes ana kallonsa a matsayin jarumai a tsakanin Kabyles, duk da (ko saboda) rashin addini. A mafi yawancin yankunan kasar, wadanda basu da addini ba sun kasance suna da hankali.
Galibin al'amuran da suka shafi cin zarafi da barazanar tsaro ga wadanda ba musulmi ba, sun fito ne daga kungiyar Islamic Armed Armed Islam, kungiyar da ke yaki da gwamnatin kasar da ta kuduri aniyar kawar da kasar daga wadanda ba su da alaka da ta'addancin Musulunci. Koyaya, yawancin jama'a suna bin ƙa'idodin Musulunci na haƙuri a cikin imani na addini. Shugabannin addini da na siyasa masu matsakaicin ra'ayin Islama sun soki ayyukan tarzoma a bainar jama'a da ake yi da sunan Musulunci.
An ba wa ƙungiyoyin mishan izinin gudanar da ayyukan jin kai ba tare da tsangwama daga gwamnati ba muddin suna da hankali kuma ba sa yin tuba a fili. Idan suka yi, wani lokaci ana kama su, wani lokaci kuma a bar su su kadai.[2] Yawancin “coci-coci na gida” da gwamnati ke ba da izinin bautar Kirista a ciki, ko da yake an sami manyan laifuka na laifuffuka na ayyukan addini na gida.[3] A baya-bayan nan dai Kiristocin Aljeriya suna fuskantar babbar barazana ga ’yancinsu na yin ibada tare da fuskantar tauye hakkin ‘yancinsu, ciki har da rufe wuraren ibada da aka ci gaba da yi har zuwa shekarar 2019. [4] Gabaɗaya, gwamnatin Aljeriya ta tilastawa rufe majami'u 18 tsakanin watan Nuwamba, 2017 da watan Oktoba, 2019.[5]
Hukumar da ke kula da 'yancin addini ta Amurka (USCIRF) ta sanya Aljeriya a cikin rahotonta na shekara ta 2019 na masu tauye 'yancin addini a duniya, inda ta yi nuni da wasu matsaloli na shari'a ga 'yancin gudanar da addini, musamman abubuwan da suka faru na cin zarafin 'ya'yan Cocin Furotesta na Aljeriya., da kuma danniya da wasu tsirarun kungiyoyin musulmi suka fuskanta.[6] Rahoton na USCIRF ya biyo bayan rahotanni daga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka game da zaluncin addini da ake gani a ko'ina cikin Aljeriya, kuma ya ba da shawarar cewa Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen ta sanya Aljeriya a cikin jerin masu sa ido na musamman.[7]
Cin abinci a bainar jama'a a cikin watan Ramadan (musamman ga mutanen da suke "kamar musulmi") ya halatta amma yana jawo kiyayyar jama'a a mafi yawan yankunan, sai dai wasu yankunan Kabylie; yawancin gidajen abinci suna rufe a lokacin Ramadan.
"Cin zarafin Annabi" duk da haka, laifi ne. Idan aka tuhume shi, wanda ake tuhuma zai fuskanci daurin shekaru biyar a gidan yari da kuma tarar mai girma (sha'anin Abdelkarim Siaghi - Mayu 2011). [8]
Gabaɗaya waɗanda ba ƴan ƙasa ba waɗanda ke yin imani da wanin Musulunci suna da matuƙar haƙuri a cikin al'umma; duk da haka, 'yan kasa da suka yi watsi da Musulunci gaba daya iyalansu suna kyamarsu, kuma makwabtansu suna kyamarsu. Gabaɗaya gwamnati ba ta shiga cikin irin waɗannan rigingimu. Masu sauya sheka kuma suna fallasa kansu ga hadarin hare-haren masu tsattsauran ra'ayi.
Ra'ayin Ƙasashen Duniya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A shekarar 2022, Freedom House ta ƙididdige 'yancin addini na Algeria a matsayin 1 cikin 4, [9] lura da cewa membobin tsirarun addinai, gami da Cocin Furotesta na Aljeriya da membobin al'ummomin Amazigh da Ahmadi, suna fama da tsanantawa da tsangwama. Ƙungiyoyin addinai za su iya taruwa kawai don yin ibada a wuraren da jihar ta amince.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan USCIRF ta ba da rahoton cewa yanayin 'yancin addini a Aljeriya yana ci gaba da tabarbarewa kuma gwamnati na ƙara aiwatar da dokokin sabo da hana ibada. A shekarar 2022, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta sanya Aljeriya a cikin Jerin Kallonta na Musamman (SWL), bin shawarar USCIRF. [10]
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Lambar Iyali ta Aljeriya
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ https://iqna.ir/ha/news/3482786/majalisar-malaman-addini-ta-aljeriya-ta-jinjina-wa-fatawar-ayatollah-khamenei
- ↑ "Islam Online- News Section" . Archived from the original on 2005-03-09. Retrieved 2005-02-07.
- ↑ "Everything you need to know about human rights in Algeria" . www.amnesty.org . Archived from the original on 2021-06-10. Retrieved 2021-11-30.
- ↑ "Algeria" . Archived from the original on 2021-11-28. Retrieved 2021-11-30.
- ↑ International Christian Concern (April 2020). "Freedom of religion in Algeria" (PDF). www.persecution.org . Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-10-24. Retrieved 2021-11-30.
- ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-08-04. Retrieved 2021-11-30.
- ↑ "Algeria" . Archived from the original on 2020-06-10. Retrieved 2021-11-30.
- ↑ "Countries" . www.amnesty.org . Archived from the original on 2014-10-12. Retrieved 2021-11-30.
- ↑ Freedom House, Retrieved 2023-04-25
- ↑ USCIRF 2023 report