Al'amarin Dikko
 Al'amarin Dikko | |
|---|---|
Garkuwa da Mutane da international incident (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Bangare na |
Nigeria–United Kingdom relations (en) da Israel–United Kingdom relations (en) |
| Ƙasa | Birtaniya |
| Kwanan wata | 4 ga Yuli, 1984 |
Al'amarin Dikko dai wani yunkuri ne na hadin gwiwa tsakanin Najeriya da Isra'ila na sato Umaru Dikko, tsohon ministan gwamnatin farar hula na Najeriya dake zaune a kasar Ingila a shekarar 1984, tare da maido shi zuwa Najeriya a cikin akwatin diflomasiyya a asirce. An yi nasarar sato shi din, amma ba'a yi nasarar maido shi ba. Bayan da shirin ya rushe, hakan ya janyo tabarbarewar dangantakar siyasa da ke tsakanin gwamnatin Najeriya da Birtaniya na tsawon shekaru.
Asalin Labari[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Dikko ya kasance ministan sufuri mai tasiri a gwamnatin farar hula ta tsohon shugaban kasar Nijeriya Shehu Shagari, watau surukinsa.[1] Anyi watsi da gwamnatin ta farar hula a wani ku' da Jenar Muhammadu Buhari ya jagoranta, sannan an kafa sabuwar gwamnatin ak karkashin mulkin shugaba Muhammadu Buhari. A rana ta biyu na mulkin shugaba Buhari ya zayyano jerin ma'aikatan gwamnati da ake zargi da laifuka. Dikko, wanda yake a saman jadawalin wanda ake zargi da barnar biliyoyin kudade na dalar Amurka (wasu sunce dala biliyan shida) daga rarar man fetur da aka samu daga asusun gwamnati. Dikko yayi hijira zuwa Burtaniya, inda ya zauna a London kuma ya zamo asalin dan adawar gwamnatin mai ci.
Duk da cewa Izra'ila bata da dangantaka ta siyasa da Najeriya, akwai dan dangantaka da baza'a rasa ba a tsakanin kasashen. Bugu da kari, Najeriya ta kasance muhimmiyar tushen samar da man fetur ga Izra'ila, sannan kuma Kasar Izra'ila na taka muhimmin rawa wajen samar da kayany yaki ga Najeriya. An bukaci hukumar leben asiri ta Izra'ila Mossad da ta nemo mabuyar Dikko kuma ta maido shi gida Najeriya don ya fuskanci hukunci.[2]
Hijira[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A shekarar 1983 ne aka hambarar da gwamnatin Najeriya a juyin mulkin da sojoji suka yi karkashin jagorancin Manjo-Janar Muhammadu Buhari, aka kafa sabuwar gwamnatin soja karkashin jagorancin Buhari. A rana ta biyu a kan karagar mulki, Buhari ya fitar da jerin sunayen tsoffin jami’an gwamnatin da ake zargi da aikata laifuka daban-daban. Dikko, wanda shi ne kan gaba a jerin sunayen, ana zarginsa da yin almubazzaranci da wasu makudan kuɗaɗe da suka kai dalar Amurka biliyan 6 (majiyoyin sun ce adadin ya kai kusan dalar Amurka biliyan 6) na ribar man fetur daga baitul malin kasar. Dikko ya gudu zuwa Birtaniya, ya zauna a birnin Landan, kuma ya zama mai sukar tsarin mulkin a sa inda yake gudun hijira.
Duk da cewa a wancan lokacin Isra'ila ba ta da huldar diflomasiyya da Najeriya, amma ba a samu alakar da ke tsakanin kasashen biyu ba. Musamman Najeriya ta kasance wata muhimmiyar hanyar samar da man fetur ga Isra’ila, kuma Isra’ila ta kasance babbar mai samar da makamai ga Najeriya. Hukumar leken asirin Isra’ila Mossad ce ta dora alhakin gano Dikko tare da dawo da shi Najeriya domin gurfanar da shi gaban kuliya. [3]
Satar mutane[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Majiyar (Mossad across Europe) ta kasa gano a ina Dikko yake. Sai dai Darakta-Janar na Mossad Nahum Admoni ya yanke shawarar cewa mai yiwuwa Dikko yana Landan, wanda ya zauna a mafakar ‘yan gudun hijirar Najeriya da ke sukar sabon tsarin mulki. Jami’an Mossad ( katsas ),tare da rakiyar jami’an tsaron Najeriya karkashin jagorancin tsohon sojan Najeriya Manjo Mohammed Yusufu, sun yi tattaki zuwa Landan. Tawagar ta Najeriya ta yi hayar wani gida a kan titin Cromwell kuma ta nuna a matsayin 'yan gudun hijira daga sabuwar gwamnatin. Ma'aikatan Mossad sun yi hayar dakuna a otal-otal da ke kula da masu yawon bude ido daga Afirka, kuma sun nuna a matsayin masu adawa da wariyar launin fata. Aiki daban-daban, kungiyoyin biyu sun koma cikin al'ummar Najeriya da ke London, a hankali sun taƙaita binciken su zuwa Yammacin London, zuwa yankin da ke kusa da Hyde Park, inda yawancin attajiran Najeriya da ke gudun hijira ke zaune. Sun yi tsegumin rajistar zaben da ake da su a cikin dakunan garin, amma ba su ga alamar Dikko ba.
A ranar 30 ga watan Yuni 1984, wani wakilin Mossad yana tuki a Queensway, a Bayswater, ya hango Dikko. Ya ajiye motarsa sannan yaje wajen Dikko a kafa zuwa gidansa da ke Porchester Terrace. Nan take aka sanar da Admoni, kuma ya ba da umarnin sanya ido a gidan. Tun daga wannan lokacin, gidan ya kasance ana sa ido a kai, yayin da ’yan Najeriya suka yi amfani da babban hukumarsu ta Landan a matsayin sansaninsu, suka shirya wani aikin garkuwa da mutane. A halin da ake ciki, Mossad ta dauki Levi-Arie Shapiro, likita dan Isra'ila wanda ya kasance mai ba da shawara kuma mai kula da sashin kulawa a Asibitin HaSharon. Zai tashi zuwa London kuma ya shiga cikin aikin. Aikin Shapiro zai kasance ya saka bututun endotracheal don hana shi Dikkon shakewa da kan sa yayin da ake jigilar shi a cikin akwati.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Faruwar Lamarin[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Da yammacin ranar 3 ga Yulin 1984, jirgin Nigeria Airways Boeing 707 ya isa filin jirgin saman Stansted daga Legas. Jirgin dai ya iso babu kowa, kuma matukin jirgin ya sanar da hukuma cewa jirgin ya iso ne domin karɓar kayan diflomasiyya daga babbar hukumar Najeriya. A cikin jirgin akwai jami’an tsaron Najeriya da dama, wadanda suka bayyana kansu a fili tare da bayyana cewa sun je ne domin kare kayan. An bayar da rahoton kasancewarsu ga reshe na musamman na Scotland Yard. Washegari aka yi garkuwa da Dikko a kofar gidansa a lokacin da yake fita domin yawo, aka tafi da shi a cikin motar Yusufu. Daga nan sai Shapiro ya yi masa maganin maye.[4] However, the abduction was witnessed by Dikko's secretary, Elizabeth Hayes, who quickly notified the authorities.[4][5] Sai dai kuma sakatariyar Dikko Elizabeth Hayes ta shaida lamarin inda ta sanar da hukuma cikin gaggawa.
An sanya Dikko da Shapiro a cikin akwati daya mai girman mita 1.2 × 1.2 × 1.6, yayin da wakilan Mossad Alexander Barak da Felix Abithol suka mamaye na biyu.[4] However, proper documentation that would have ensured that the cargo could not be inspected was not provided.[5] The crates were also not labeled as diplomatic bags, as required by Article 27(4) of the 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations.[6] As a result, customs officials who had received an all-ports warning alerting them to the kidnapping while the crates were being processed at the airport[7] Duk da haka, ba a ba da cikakkun takardun da za su tabbatar da cewa ba za a iya duba kayan ba. Har ila yau, ba a sanya akwatunan a matsayin jaka na diflomasiyya ba, kamar yadda doka ta 27(4) ta yarjejeniyar Vienna ta 1961 kan huldar diflomasiyya ta bukata. Hakan ya sa jami’an kwastam da suka soma gargadin dukkan tashoshin jiragen ruwa da ke sanar da su yadda aka yi garkuwa da su a lokacin da ake sarrafa akwatunan a filin jirgin sama sun sami damar buɗe akwatunan ba tare da saba wa yarjejeniyar ba tare da dakile garkuwar. An kai Dikko asibiti; bai samu rauni ba.
Bayan nan[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An kama maza goma sha bakwai;[6] four were convicted and sentenced to prison terms of 10 to 14 years: Shapiro, Barak, Abithol, and Yusufu.[8] hudu an yanke musu hukuncin zaman gidan yari na shekaru 10 zuwa 14: Shapiro, Barak, Abithol, da Yusufu.
An saki dukkan mutanen hudu bayan sun yi aiki tsakanin shekaru shida zuwa takwas da rabi, kuma an kore su cikin nutsuwa.
Ramuwar gayya[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A wani mataki na ramuwar gayya, an kama wasu injiniyoyin Birtaniya biyu a Najeriya tare da yanke musu hukuncin daurin shekaru goma sha hudu bisa zargin satar wani jirgin sama mai zaman kansa.[8] The two British engineers had their charges overturned and were released after serving 25 months.[9] Injiniyoyi biyu na Burtaniya an soke tuhumar da ake musu kuma an sake su bayan sun shafe watanni 25 suna aiki.
Sakamakon[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Gwamnatin Najeriya da Isra'ila ba su taba amincewa da wata alaka da lamarin ba. Duk da haka, nan da nan gwamnatin Burtaniya ta kori wasu mambobi biyu na Babban Hukumar Najeriya a Landan, ciki har da Babban Kwamishinan. An yanke huldar jakadanci da Najeriya tsawon shekaru biyu. An kusa kama shugaban kamfanin jiragen sama na Nigeria Airways a wani lokaci da ‘yan sandan Birtaniyya suka kama.
Bayan al’amarin, Najeriya ta kai karar Dikko a hukumance, amma ta ki. Yakin da gwamnatin Najeriya ke yi da cin hanci da rashawa da gwamnatin da ta shude ya yi, ya kuma yi rauni, domin ita ma gwamnatin Birtaniya ta yi watsi da bukatar Najeriya na mika wasu ‘yan siyasa da ake nema ruwa a jallo a Najeriya bisa zargin cin hanci da rashawa da kuma zaman gudun hijira a Birtaniya.[10]
Daga karshe aka bukaci Dikko ya dawo Najeriya. Ya amsa gayyatar da aka yi masa ya kafa jam’iyyar siyasa mai suna Solidarity Group of Nigeria (SGN).
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ John E. Jessup (1998). An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945-1996. Greenwood Publishing Group (1998). ISBN 9780313281129. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
- ↑ "Max Siollun (January 20, 2008). "The Mossad Affair: The Kidnap Of Umaru Dikko (2)". nigeriansinamerica.com. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
- ↑ Max Siollun (January 20, 2008). "The Mossad Affair: The Kidnap Of Umaru Dikko (2)". nigeriansinamerica.com. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Max Siollun (January 20, 2008). "Israel And Nigeria: The Kidnap Of Umaru Dikko (Conclusion)". nigeriansinamerica.com. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lua error a Module:Cite_Q, layi na 706: attempt to call upvalue 'getPropertyIDs' (a nil value). p. 602
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Mr. Umaru Dikko (Abduction)". Hansard report for the British House of Commons. 6 July 1984. Archived from the original on 2009-06-29. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
- ↑ Alex Last (12 November 2012). "The foiled Nigerian kidnap plot". BBC World Service.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Olayiwola Abegunrin (2003). Nigerian foreign policy under military rule, 1966-1999. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 9780275978815. Retrieved 2008-10-06.
- ↑ "British Engineers Freed After 25 Months". AP NEWS. Retrieved 2019-08-11.
- ↑ Siollun, Max (2012-08-20). "Umaru Dikko, the man who was nearly spirited away in a diplomatic bag". The Independent. London.
Hanyoyin hadin waje[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- eDiplomat.com: Glossary of Diplomatic Terms
- "Is there such a thing as a diplomatic pouch?". Straight Dope. December 20, 2005. Archived from the original on July 20, 2008. Retrieved September 23, 2012. article with extensive detailed references.