Almakashi

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Almakashi
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na hand tool (en) Fassara, cutting tool (en) Fassara da long and narrow object (en) Fassara
Kayan haɗi plastic (en) Fassara da Karfe
MCN code (en) Fassara 8213.00.00
Biyu na daidaitattun almakashi

Almakashi kayan aikin yanka ne da hannu. Almakashi guda biyu sun ƙunshi nau'i-nau'i na ƙarfe waɗanda aka zuga ta yadda zaɓaɓɓun gefuna suna gamewa da juna lokacin da hannaye (bakuna) da ke gaban pivot ke rufe.

Amfani[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ana amfani da almakashi don yankan abubuwa na bakin ciki daban-daban, kamar takarda, kwali, foil ɗin ƙarfe, zane, igiya, da waya . Almakashi iri-iri da shears duk sun wanzu don dalilai na musamman. Yankan gashi da shears ɗin kicin suna aiki daidai da almakashi, amma manyan kayan aikin ana kiran su shears . Gilashin yankan gashi suna da taƙamaiman kusurwoyi na ruwa mai kyau don yanke gashi . Yin amfani da nau'in almakashi da ba daidai ba don yanke gashi zai haifar da ƙara lalacewa ko tsaga, ko duka biyu, ta hanyar karya gashin. Shears na kicin, wanda kuma aka sani da almakashi na kicin, an yi shi ne don yankan da datsa abinci kamar nama.

Masu tsada, almakashi na zamani da ake samarwa da yawa ana yin su ta hanyar ergonomically tare da haɗaɗɗen ma'aunin thermoplastic da hannayen roba .

Kalmomi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Sunan almakashi ana ɗaukar su azaman jam'i suna, don haka yana ɗaukar kalmar fi'ili (misali, waɗannan almakashi ne ). A madadin, ana kiran kayan aikin ta hanyar jumla ɗaya almakashi biyu . Ana amfani da kalmar shears don siffanta irin kayan aikin da suka fi girma kuma don yanke nauyi.

Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

almakashi na daular Han
Ana tunanin waɗannan shears sun kasance a ƙarni na 2 AD kuma sun fito ne daga matsugunan Romawa a Trabzon, Turkiyya. Salo na ƙirar ƙarfe na “Masar” ya nuna cewa an yi su ne don yin koyi da ainihin fasahar Masarawa . Lokacin rufewa, adadin kare da cat a tukwici suna fuskantar fuska.[1]

Sanannen almakashi na farko sun bayyana a Mesopotamiya shekaru 3,000 zuwa 4,000 da suka wuce. Waɗannan su ne nau'in 'spring almakashi' wanda ya ƙunshi ruwan tagulla guda biyu da aka haɗa a hannun hannu ta wani siririn ɗigon tagulla mai lanƙwasa wanda ke riƙe da ruwan wuƙaƙe a jeri, don ba da damar a matse su tare, kuma a raba su idan an sake su.[2]

An ci gaba da amfani da almakashi na bazara a Turai har zuwa ƙarni na 16. Duk da haka, pivoted almakashi na tagulla ko baƙin ƙarfe, a cikin abin da ruwan wuƙaƙe da aka pivoted a wani batu tsakanin tukwici da iyawa, kai tsaye kakan almakashi na zamani, aka ƙirƙira da Romawa a kusa da 100 AD.[3] Sun shiga amfani gama gari ba kawai tsohuwar Roma ba, har ma da Sin, Japan, da Koriya, kuma har yanzu ana amfani da ra'ayin a kusan dukkanin almakashi na zamani.

Ƙerawa da wuri[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A lokacin Tsakiyar Zamani da Renaissance, an yi almakashi na bazara ta hanyar ɗumama sandar ƙarfe ko ƙarfe, sa'an nan kuma daidaitawa da daidaita ƙarshensa zuwa ruwan wuƙaƙe a kan magudanar ruwa. An zafi tsakiyar mashaya, lanƙwasa don samar da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa, sa'an nan kuma a sanyaya kuma a sake yin zafi don yin sauƙi.

Kamfanin Hangzhou Zhang Xiaoquan da ke Hangzhou, ƙasar Sin, yana ƙera almakashi tun 1663.[4]

William Whiteley & Sons (Sheffield) Ltd. yana samar da almakashi ta 1760, kodayake an yi imanin kasuwancin ya fara ciniki tun da farko. Alamar kasuwanci ta farko, 332, an ba da ita a cikin 1791.[5] Kamfanin har yanzu yana ƙera almakashi a yau, kuma shi ne kamfani mafi daɗewa a ƙasashen Yamma da ya yi hakan.

Ba a ƙera almakashi masu yawa da yawa ba har sai a shekara ta 1761, lokacin da Robert Hinchliffe na Sheffield ya samar da almakashi na farko na zamani da aka yi da ƙarfe mai tsauri da goge goge. Babban ƙalubalensa shi ne samar da bakuna; na farko, ya yi su da ƙarfi, sa'an nan ya huda rami, sa'an nan kuma ya ba da ƙarafa don yin girman da zai iya shigar da yatsun mai amfani. Wannan tsari ya kasance mai wahala, kuma a fili Hinchliffe ya inganta akansa don haɓaka samarwa. Hinchliffe ya zauna a Cheney Square (yanzu wurin Sheffield Town Hall ), kuma ya kafa wata alama da ke nuna kansa a matsayin "masana almakashi mai kyau". Ya samu tallace-tallace mai ƙarfi a London da sauran wurare.[6]

A cikin ƙarni na 19, an yi almakashi da hannu tare da ƙawayen hannaye. An yi su ne ta hanyar dunƙule ƙarfe a kan filaye da aka fi sani da 'shugabanni' don samar da ruwan wuƙaƙe. An yi zoben da ke cikin hannaye, waɗanda aka fi sani da bakuna, ta hanyar buga rami a cikin ƙarfen da kuma faɗaɗa shi tare da ƙarshen anvil.

A cikin 1649, a cikin Finland da ke mulkin Sweden, an kafa aikin ƙarfe a ƙauyen Fiskars tsakanin Helsinki da Turku. A cikin 1830, wani sabon mai shi ya fara aikin yankan farko a Finland, yana yin, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, almakashi tare da alamar kasuwanci ta Fiskars .

Yankunan Masana'antu na Zamani[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Sin[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Mafi yawan masana'antar almakashi na duniya suna faruwa a China. Ya zuwa shekarar 2019, ƙasar Sin ce ke da alhakin kashi 64.3% na fitar da almakashi a duniya. Lokacin da aka haɗa da fitar da Taipei na ƙasar Sin, wannan ya ƙaru zuwa 68.3%.[7] Yankin farko da ke samar da almakashi a ƙasar Sin yana lardin Guandong ne.

Kamfanin Hangzhou Zhang Xiaoquan, wanda aka kafa a shekara ta 1663, yana ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin masana'antun almakashi a duniya. Kamfanin ya kasance ƙasa a cikin 1958 kuma yanzu yana ɗaukar ma'aikata 1500 waɗanda kowace shekara ke samar da ƙiyasin nau'i-nau'i na almakashi miliyan 7 masu tsada waɗanda ke siyar da kusan $ 4 USD kowace.[8]

Faransa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A ƙarshen ƙarni na 14 an fara amfani da kalmar Ingilishi "almakashi". An samo shi daga tsohuwar kalmar Faransanci, "cisoires" wanda ke nufin shears.[9]

Akwai yankuna da yawa masu samar da almakashi na tarihi a Faransa: Haute-Marne a cikin Nogent-en Bassigny, Châtellereault, Thiers da Rouen.[10] Waɗannan garuruwa, kamar sauran al'ummomi masu samar da almakashi, sun fara ne da samar da sabre, takobi da bayonet, waɗanda suka rikiɗe zuwa almakashi da sauran ruwan wuƙaƙe a ƙarshen ƙarni na 18 da farkon 19th.[11]

Thiers, a cikin Puy-de-Dôme na Auvergne, ya kasance muhimmiyar cibiyar almakashi da samar da kayan yanka. Gida ce ga duka Musée de la Coutellerie, wanda ke nuna tarihin shekaru 800 na garin na yin ruwan wuƙaƙe,[12] da kuma Coutellia, nunin kasuwanci na masana'antu wanda ke tallata kanta a matsayin ɗayan manyan taron shekara-shekara na masu sana'ar hannu. duniya.

Jamus[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Jamus ce ke da alhakin ƙera ƙasa da kashi 7% na fitar da almakashi na duniya a cikin 2019.[13] Sau da yawa ana kiranta "Birnin Blades", Solingen, a North Rhine Westphalia, ta kasance cibiyar ƙera almakashi tun zamanin da. A ƙarshen ƙarni na 18 an ƙiyasta cewa akwai sama da almakashi 300 a Solingen.[14]

A cikin 1995 Birnin Solingen ya zartar da Dokar Solingen, sabuntawa ga dokar 1930s wacce ta zartar da tambarin "Made in Solingen" za a iya amfani da shi kawai ga samfuran kusan gaba ɗaya a cikin tsohuwar yankin masana'antu na Solingen. A cikin 2019 wannan ya shafi kusan kamfanoni 150 waɗanda ke yin manyan ruwan wuƙaƙe iri-iri, gami da almakashi.[15]

Freidrich Herder, wanda aka kafa a Solingen a 1727, yana ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin masana'antun almakashi har yanzu suna aiki a Jamus.[16]

Italiya[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Almashirin dafa abinci irin na Italiyanci, galibi ana amfani da su don yanke abinci. Ana iya ware rabi biyu don tsaftacewa.

Premana, a Lardin Lecco, ya samo asali ne daga aikin ƙarfe da ƙera wuƙa tun daga ƙarni na 16. A cikin 1900 akwai bitar masana'anta guda goma, 20 a cikin 1952 da 48 ta 1960.[17] A yau, Consorzio Premax, haɗin gwiwar masana'antu, yana tsara kamfanoni sama da 60 na cikin gida waɗanda ke da hannu a ƙera almakashi don kasuwannin duniya.[18] A cikin 2019 Italiya ta fitar da kashi 3.5% na almakashi da aka ƙera a duniya.[19]

Ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin kamfanonin masana'antun almakashi na Premanese har yanzu suna aiki shine Sanelli Ambrogio, wanda aka kafa a 1869.[20]

Japan[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Scissor making a Japan ya samo asali ne daga yin takobi a ƙarni na 14.[21] Seki, a yankin Gifu, sanannen cibiyar yin takobi ne tun daga shekarun 1200. Lokacin da aka daina ba 'yan ƙasa izinin ɗaukar katana, maƙeran birni sun juya zuwa yin almakashi da wuƙaƙe.[22] Akwai nau'ikan almakashi na Japan da yawa, amma Commodore Matthew Perry na Amurka ya gabatar da almakashi a 1854.[23]

Yasuhiro Hirakawa, almakashi na ƙarni na 5 ne ke gudanar da taron bitar Sasuke a birnin Sakai a kudancin Osaka. Kamfanin yana aiki tun 1867.[24] Yasuhiro Hirakawa shi ne mai yin almakashi na ƙarshe a Japan, yana yin almakashi a cikin salon gargajiya inda aka yi imanin cewa ruwan wuƙaƙe ya fi sirara, haske da kaifi fiye da almakashi na Turai.[25] A cikin 2018 an ba da labarinsa a cikin wani shirin gaskiya wanda ke nuna wasu ɓangarori guda biyu na bonsai waɗanda ke siyar da dala $35,000.[26]

Spain[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A Solsona, Spain, an fara ƙera almakashi a ƙarni na 16. A ƙololuwar masana'antar a cikin ƙarni na 18 akwai tarurrukan bita 24, wanda aka shirya a matsayin Guild of Saint Eligius, majiɓincin masu yin wuƙa.[27] Ya zuwa tsakiyar 1980s biyu ne kawai, kuma zuwa 2021, Pallarès Solsona, wanda Lluìs da Carles Pallarès Canal suka kafa a cikin 1917, kuma har yanzu suna aiki da dangi, shine kaɗai wanda ya rage sauran masana'antar almakashi.[28]

Ƙasar Ingila[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Sheffield, York, ya kasance gida don samar da almakashi na farko tun daga 1761. Ya zuwa karni na 19 an yi ƙiyasin kamfanonin almakashi 60 na ƙarfe a Sheffield. Ko yaya, tun daga shekarun 1980s, haɗin gwiwar masana'antu da sauye-sauye zuwa mai rahusa, almakashi da aka samar da yawa sun haifar da raguwar farashin da masana'antu da yawa ba za su iya yin gogayya da su ba. Masana'antar almakashi ta Sheffield ta ƙunshi kamfanoni biyu ne kawai a cikin 2021.[29]

Sauran masana'antun Sheffield almakashi ne William Whiteley, wanda aka kafa a 1760,[30] da Ernest Wright, wanda aka kafa a cikin 1902. Dukansu yanzu suna mayar da hankali kan manyan ƙira / ƙira na "kayayyakin don rayuwa" maimakon samar da taro. [31] Tsakanin wasu kamfanonin biyu an ƙiyasta cewa babu su fiye da goma "Putter-togetereors" waɗanda ke ƙirar masu horar da ƙwararru masu horar da babban taro na Sheffall.[32] A cikin 2020, an karɓe Ernest Wright tare da Kyautar Sana'o'i Masu Kashewa ta Ƙungiyar Ƙwararru ta Biritaniya.[33]

Bayani da aiki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Almakashi guda biyu sun ƙunshi ruwan wuƙaƙe biyu. A cikin ƙananan ƙananan almakashi, ƙananan gefuna ba su da kaifi musamman; da farko aikin sassasƙe ne tsakanin ruwan wuƙaƙe biyu ne ke yanke kayan. A cikin almakashi masu inganci, ruwan wuƙaƙe na iya zama duka biyu masu kaifi sosai, kuma tashin hankali ya tashi - don ƙara yanke wa da juzu'i kawai a daidai wurin da ruwan wuƙaƙe ya hadu. Motsin hannu (turawa da babban yatsa, ja da yatsu) na iya ƙara wannan tashin hankali. Kyakkyawan misali shine a cikin almakashi ko shears na tela masu inganci, waɗanda ke buƙatar samun damar yanke daidai (ba kawai yaga ba) kyawawan yadudduka irin su chiffon da siliki.

Almakashi na yara yawanci ba su da kaifi musamman, kuma ƙwanƙolin ruwan wuƙaƙe galibi suna lumshewa ko kuma 'zagaye' don aminci.

A kan inji, almakashi na farko ne mai lefi biyu tare da pivot yana aiki azaman fulcrum . Don yankan abu mai kauri ko nauyi, ana iya amfani da fa'idar inji na lefa ta wurin sanya kayan da za a yanke a kusa da fulcrum gwargwadon yiwuwa. Misali, idan ƙarfin da aka yi amfani da shi (a hannaye) ya ninka nisa daga fulcrum kamar wurin yanke (watau wurin tuntuɓar ruwan wuƙaƙe), ƙarfin da ke wurin yankan ya ninka na ƙarfin da ake amfani da shi a. masu riƙe wa. Almakashi yanke abu ta amfani a wurin yankan danniya na yanki wanda ya wuce ƙarfin juzu'in kayan.

Wasu almakashi suna da abin ƙara, wanda ake kira takalmin gyaran ƙafar yatsa ko tang ɗin yatsa, a ƙasan ramin yatsan yatsa don yatsa na tsakiya ya tsaya a kai don samar da ingantaccen sarrafawa da ƙarin ƙarfi cikin yanke daidai. Ana iya samun tang ɗin yatsa akan almakashi masu inganci da yawa (ciki har da masu rahusa) musamman akan almakashi don yanke gashi (duba almakashin gashi wanda ke hoton ƙasa). A cikin aske gashi, wasu na da'awar an saka yatsan zobe ne inda wasu ke sanya yatsan hannunsu, sannan ɗan yatsansa yana kan tang din yatsa.

Ga mutanen da ba su da amfani da hannayensu, akwai ƙirar almakashi na musamman na ƙafa. Wasu quadriplegics na iya amfani da salon almakashi mai sarrafa baki.

Almakashi na hannun dama da na hagu[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Hannun hagu (hagu) da na dama (dama) almakashi na gefe

Yawancin almakashi sun fi dacewa don amfani da hannun dama, amma an tsara almakashi na hagu don amfani da hannun hagu. Saboda almakashi suna da ruwan wuƙaƙe masu ruɓa, ba su da siffa. Wannan asymmetry gaskiya ne ba tare da la'akari da daidaitawa da siffar hannaye ba: ruwan da ke saman ko yaushe yana yin diagonal iri ɗaya ba tare da la'akari da fuskantarwa ba. Hannun ɗan adam ma ba su da daidaituwa, kuma lokacin rufewa, babban yatsan hannu da yatsun su ba sa rufewa a tsaye, amma suna da ɓangaren gefe zuwa motsi. Musamman, babban yatsan yana fitowa daga dabino sannan yatsun su suna ja ciki. Don almakashi na hannun dama da ke riƙe da hannun dama, babban yatsan yatsa ya fi kusa da jikin mai amfani, ta yadda ɗabi'ar hannun dama ita ce tilasta yanke igiya tare. Akasin haka, idan an riƙe almakashi na hannun dama a hannun hagu, ɗabi'ar hannun hagu ita ce tilasta yanke yankan a gefe. Bugu da ƙari kuma, da almakashi na hannun dama da hannun dama, ana iya ganin gefuna na yanke, amma idan aka yi amfani da su da hannun hagu, yankan almakashi yana bayan saman, kuma ba za a iya ganin abin da ake yanke ba.

Akwai nau'ikan almakashi na hannun hagu guda biyu. Yawancin almakashi na hannun hagu na gama gari (wanda ake kira "Semi" almakashi na hagu) kawai sun juyar da rikon yatsa. Wuraren buɗewa da rufewa kamar almakashi na hannun dama, wanda ke tilasta masu amfani da su cire ruwan wuƙaƙe yayin da suke yanke wa. Wannan na iya zama ƙalubale ga masu sana'a saboda har yanzu ruwan wuƙaƙe yana ɓoye yanke. Almakashi na “Gaskiya” na hannun hagu suna da jujjuya riƙon yatsa da haɗin ruwan wuƙaƙe; ainihin hotunan madubi ne na almakashi na hannun dama.[34] Idan wani ya saba yin amfani da almakashi na hannun hagu na hagu zai iya samun wahala da farko ta amfani da almakashi na hannun hagu saboda sun koyi dogaro sosai da ƙarfin babban yatsan yatsa don cire ruwan wuƙaƙe tare da tura wuƙaƙe tare domin yanke.[35]

Ana siyar da wasu almakashi a matsayin ambidextrous . Waɗannan suna da hannaye masu ma'ana don haka babu bambanci tsakanin hannun yatsa da yatsa, kuma suna da fitillu masu ƙarfi sosai ta yadda ruwan wuƙaƙe kawai ke juyawa kuma ba su da wani bayarwa na gefe. Duk da haka, yawancin almakashi na "ambidextrous" a haƙiƙanin gaskiya har yanzu na hannun dama ne a cikin cewa ruwan sama yana hannun dama, don haka yana waje idan an riƙe shi a hannun dama. Ko da sun yanke cikin nasara, daidaitawar ruwan wuƙa zai toshe ra'ayin yankan ga mai hannun hagu. Haƙiƙa almakashi na ambidextrous yana yiwuwa idan ruwan wuƙaƙe suna da kaifi biyu kuma ana jujjuya hannun guda ɗaya zuwa kusan digiri 360 ta yadda bayan ruwan wuƙaƙe ya zama sabon gefuna. An ba da lambar yabo ta U.S. Patent 3,978,584 don almakashi na gaske na ambidextrous.

Almakashi na musamman[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Daga cikin ƙwararrun almakashi da shears da ake amfani da su don dalilai daban-daban akwai:

Aikin lambu, noma da kiwo[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Nau'in Hoto Bayani/manufa
shinge trimmers </img> domin trimming shinge
Ciyawa shears </img> don datsa ciyawa
Averruncators </img> domin trimming high rassan
Pruning shears ko secateurs </img> don datsa ƙananan rassan
Loppers </img> don yanke ta manyan rassan
Ruwan ruwa </img> don yankan ulun dabba don girbi ulu

Abinci da magani[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Nau'in Hoto Bayani/manufa
Kitchen almakashi ko kitchen shears </img> Don shirye-shiryen abinci, amma sau da yawa ana amfani da su don wasu dalilai daban-daban. A yau, almakashi na dafa abinci yawanci ana yin su ne daga bakin karfe don tsaftar abinci da dalilai na juriya. Sau da yawa suna da aikin dafa abinci (ban da yankan) haɗawa, kamar hular kwalba, zuwa sikelin kifi, don fashe goro da masu buɗe kwalban da aka gina a cikin hannaye.
Kaji shears </img> yankan kaji
Mai yanke sigari </img> almakashi na musamman tare da gefuna masu tsinke don yanke sigari

Gyaran jiki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Nau'in Hoto Bayani/manufa
Yanke gashin gashi </img> don gyaran gashi
Bakin ciki shears </img> ga bakin ciki mai kauri gashi don gujewa kyan gani
Masu yankan gashi </img> domin aske gashi ta masu aski, masu gyaran gashi, da masu sana'ar dabbobi
Almakashi na farce </img> don yanke yatsa- da farce
Almakashi gashin baki domin trimming gashin baki
Almakashi na hanci </img> kananan almakashi don gashin hanci, ƙwanƙwasa-ƙarshe don kare haƙƙin ciki na hanci (ana kuma iya amfani dashi don ciki na kunnuwa)

Aikin ƙarfe[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Nau'in Hoto Bayani/manufa
Snips </img> don yankan ta hanyar karfen takarda .
Tin, ko tinner, snips </img>
Haɗin aikin snips </img>
Bututu da snips
Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa cutters </img> don yankan ƙarfe mai nauyi, sau da yawa a cikin karon motoci . Wani lokaci ana kiranta da alamar kasuwanci da aka haɗe "Jaws of Life".
Shears mara maƙogwaro </img> domin yankan hadaddun siffofi a cikin takardar karfe

Likita[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Nau'in Hoto Bayani/manufa
Rage rauni, ko "yanke tuff" </img> don amfani da gaggawa na gaggawa na gaggawa da ceto idan ya zama dole a yanke tufafi. An tsara tukwici masu zagaye don zamewa a fadin fatar mara lafiya ba tare da haifar da rauni ba.
Yanke almakashi don yankan nama a rarraba
Almakashi na tiyata </img> domin yankan nama a tiyata
Iris almakashi don tiyatar ido
Metzenbaum almakashi </img> don m tiyata
Tsuntsaye almakashi </img> don m tiyata
Mayo almakashi sau da yawa don yankan fascia
Bandage almakashi </img> don yanke bandeji

Biki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Nau'in Hoto Bayani/manufa
Almakashi na bikin </img> manyan almakashi da ake amfani da su don abubuwan yankan ribbon na biki

dinki da yin tufafi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Nau'in Hoto Bayani/manufa
Duk manufa, ko <i id="mwAfM">Sana'ar</i> almakashi </img> Tare da dogayen ruwan wukake da tukwici masu mahimmanci, an tsara su don yanke tsayi mai tsayi, madaidaiciya, sassauƙa mai laushi a cikin nau'ikan kayan aiki, da kuma shiga cikin ƙananan yankuna tare da tukwici. A cikin aikace-aikacen ɗinki ana amfani da su da farko don aikace-aikacen yankan da ba na masana'anta ba, kamar yanke ƙirar takarda.
Applique almakashi Hannun kashe kuɗi da ruwan wukake mai siffa yana ture ɗigon masana'anta na ƙasa, don yanke shingen yana rufe ɗinki. An ƙera shi don yanke / datsa kusa da masana'anta yayin da yake kare shi daga lalacewa, kuma ana amfani da shi don aikin applique da yin tagulla.
Maɓallin rami almakashi </img> Daidaitacce, gajeriyar ruwa, almakashi masu nauyi don buɗe ramukan maɓalli.
Masu yin sutura </img> Shears na Dressmaker yana da dogon ruwa (yawanci 7-10"), don sauƙaƙe yanke masana'anta. An ɗora ruwan wukake, tare da nuni ɗaya da zagaye ɗaya; ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa yana hana masana'anta yin ƙwanƙwasa akan sutura da zaren. Blades suna da "gefen wuƙa": an saita saman saman a wani kusurwa mai ƙarfi wanda ke ba su damar yanke masana'anta cikin sauƙi fiye da almakashi. Mafi nauyi fiye da almakashi na gabaɗaya, ruwan gindin yana zaune a kan tebur - yana sauƙaƙa yanke daidai ta masana'anta. Wannan hoton na hannun hagu ne na shears.
Almakashi na ado </img> Ƙananan almakashi waɗanda ke da kyawawan nasihu masu kaifi, waɗanda aka ƙera don kusantar masana'anta don snip zaren yadda ya kamata, ba tare da lalata kayan ba. Ana yawan yi wa almakashi ado daki-daki.
Pinking shears </img> don yankan zane da kuma samar da gefuna na serrated don kada masana'anta su yi rauni.
Dinka almakashi na chatelaine Chatelaine kalma ce ta Faransanci ma'ana 'farka na katafari, chateau ko gida mai kyau' wanda ya samo asali tun tsakiyar zamanai. Yana nufin manne ko ƙugiya na ado wanda aka rataye sarƙoƙi daga kugu, mai yiwuwa, jaka, agogo, maɓalli, almakashi ko akwati. Chatelaine din dinki ya zama sanannen kayan ado na ado da matan Victorian ke sawa a kugu, amma ya ɓace lokacin da salon ya canza kuma siket ɗin ba su cika da tsayi ba. Yanzu ana samar da ɗinki na chatelaine kuma ana sawa azaman abin lanƙwasa a wuya.
Almakashi tela </img> An ƙera shi don yanke kayan aiki masu nauyi kamar fata ko yadudduka na masana'anta. Gabaɗaya ya fi guntu tsayi (biyu 5 inci iri-iri ne na al'ada), tare da ruwan wukake masu kauri waɗanda ke nuna daidaitattun gefuna na wuƙa waɗanda ke yanke har zuwa saman.

A cikin shahararrun al'adu[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Saboda kasancewarsu a ko'ina cikin al'adu da azuzuwan, almakashi suna da wakilci da yawa a cikin al'adun duniya.

Art[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Siffofin fasaha da yawa a duk duniya suna ba da almakashi azaman kayan aiki/kayan aiki da su don cim ma fasahar. Don lokuta inda almakashi ya bayyana a ciki ko samfurin fasaha na ƙarshe ya wakilta, duba Commons:Kategori:Almakashi a cikin fasaha .

Fim[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Dead Again fim ne na 1991 wanda ke yin tauraro Kenneth Branagh da Emma Thompson a cikin wani abin ban sha'awa da ke jujjuya abubuwan tunawa da almakashi.
  • Edward Scissorhands fim ne na 1990 wanda ke nuna Johnny Depp a matsayin saurayi wanda ke da hannaye na almakashi da yawa.
  • Gudu tare da Scissors fim ne na 2006 wanda ya dogara da abin tunawa na wannan take.
  • Mu fim ne mai ban tsoro na tunani na 2019 wanda Jordan Peele ya jagoranta game da dangin da suka fuskanci doppelgängers masu amfani da almakashi.

Wasanni[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Wasan Rock takarda almakashi ya ƙunshi 'yan wasa biyu ko fiye da yin sifofi da hannayensu don tantance sakamakon wasan. Ɗaya daga cikin siffofi guda uku, 'almakashi', ana yin shi ta hanyar miƙa maƙasudi da yatsu na tsakiya don yin kwaikwayon siffar mafi yawan almakashi.
  • A cikin wasan kwaikwayo na bidiyo mai ban tsoro, Clock Tower, akwai wani hali da ake kira Scissorman . Kodayake yawancin mutane da yawa suna ɗaukar asalin a cikin jerin, Scissorman yawanci ana kwatanta shi azaman mai kisan gilla na aljanu tare da ƙatuwar almakashi, kuma yana kashe kowa ba tare da nuna alamun jin ƙai ko nadama ba.
  • Wani almakashi na anthropomorphic ya bayyana a matsayin shugaba a cikin Paper Mario: The Origami King . Abubuwan ƙari iri-iri na ayyukan almakashi kuma suna bayyana, kamar bambancin almakashi na takarda na Rock.

Adabi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Littafin yara na Heinrich Hoffmann na 1845 Struwwelpeter ya haɗa da Die Geschichte vom Daumenlutscher ("Labarin Babban Thumb-Sucker") wanda yaro ya ci gaba da tsotse babban yatsa duk da gargaɗin mahaifiyarsa game da Babban Tall Scissorman.

Augusten Burroughs ' 2002 memoir Gudu tare da almakashi ya shafe makonni takwas a kan mafi kyawun masu siyar da <i id="mwAmI">New York Times</i> . Daga baya an canza littafin zuwa fim.

Kiɗa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Gudu tare da almakashi shine taken kundin 1999 na "Weird Al" Yankovic .
  • Waƙar "The Tailor Shop on Enbizaka (円尾坂の仕立屋Enbizaka no Shitateya )" daga furodusan Vocaloid Akuno-P ya ba da labari game da wani tela da ya kashe wani mutum da iyalinsa, wanda ta kuskure ga masoyinta marar aminci da kuma uwargidansa uku., ta amfani da almakashi na dinki.
  • Waƙar XTC "Scissor Man", daga baya Primus ya rufe shi.
  • " Ajiye almakashi " - waƙar City da Launi .
  • Waƙar "Almakashi" ta American Rock Band "Slipknot"

Wasanni[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ana iya samun kalmar 'almakashi' a wasanni da yawa, gami da:

  • Almakashi kick (yajin), jumlar fasahar martial ga kowane nau'i na motsi wanda zai iya kama da kamanni ko aikin almakashi.
  • Harba keke a kwallon kafa wani lokaci ana kiransu da ''almakashi''.
  • Shagunan iyo ciki har da bugun gefe yana haɗa motsin ƙafafu wanda aka fi sani da 'bura almakashi'.[36]

camfi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Almakashi suna da yaɗuwar wuri a cikin camfin al'adu. A yawancin lokuta, bayanan camfin na iya kasancewa na musamman ga wata ƙasa, yanki, ƙabila, addini ko ma halin da ake ciki.

  • Afirka
    • A wasu sassan Arewacin Afirka, an gudanar da cewa za a iya amfani da almakashi don tsine wa ango. Idan ango yana kan doki, mai zagin zai tsaya a bayansa tare da buɗe almakashi yana kiran sunansa. Idan angon ya amsa sunansa, sai a datse almakashi, ango kuma ba zai iya daura aurensa da amaryarsa ba.[37]
  • Asiya
    • A Pakistan, wasu na ganin cewa bai kamata a bude almakashi ba a rufe ba tare da manufa ba; an yi imanin wannan yana haifar da sa'a.[ana buƙatar hujja]
  • Yammacin Turai
    • Kamar yadda aka yi imanin baƙin ƙarfe yana kawar da almakashi, iyayen Birtaniyya a al'adance sun rataye almakashi biyu na ƙarfe a kan shimfiɗar jariri don su nisanta almajirai. Wani lokaci almakashi ana buɗe su don yin siffar giciye don ƙarin kariya. [38]
  • Amirka ta Arewa
    • Amurka
      • A cikin New Orleans, wasu sun yi imanin cewa sanya buɗaɗɗen almakashi a ƙarƙashin matashin kai da dare hanya ce mai kyau don barci mai kyau, koda kuwa an la'anta mutum.[39]
  • Gabashin Turai
    • A wasu kasashen Gabashin Turai, an yi imanin cewa barin almakashi a bude yana haifar da fada da rashin jituwa a cikin gida.[ana buƙatar hujja]
  • China
    • A kasar Sin, an yi imanin cewa bayar da almakashi ga aboki ko masoyi shine yanke alaka da su.[ana buƙatar hujja]

Kimiyya[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An yi amfani da almakashi a cikin ilimin kimiyya don dalilai daban-daban, gami da kwatancen dabbobi ko siffofi na halitta.

Yanayi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Dabbobi masu suna almakashi sun haɗa da:

  • Tsuntsaye
    • Almakashi-wutsiya mai tashi daga Arewa da Amurka ta tsakiya.
    • hummingbird mai almakashi
    • Almakashi mai wutsiya, tsuntsu wanda ya yadu a duk faɗin Afirka.
    • Gidan almakashi mai wutsiya na Kudancin Amurka .
  • Kifi
    • Almakashi-tail rasbora, nau'ikan kifaye da yawa waɗanda ake amfani da su don aquariums na ruwa.[40][41]

Gallery[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Almakashi na kasar Sin, farkon zuwa tsakiyar daular Tang
    Almakashi na kasar Sin, farkon zuwa tsakiyar daular Tang
  • Almakashi na ƙarfe guda biyu da suka fito daga Daular Han
    Almakashi na ƙarfe guda biyu da suka fito daga Daular Han
  • Fiskars almakashi 1967
    Fiskars almakashi 1967
  • almakashi na ado a cikin nau'i na crane
    almakashi na ado a cikin nau'i na crane
  • Biyu na shears
    Biyu na shears
  • Almakashi don yankan kafet
    Almakashi don yankan kafet
  • Ana amfani da waɗannan almakashi a Japan don yanke zaren a ɗinki.
    Ana amfani da waɗannan almakashi a Japan don yanke zaren a ɗinki.
  • Almakashi Kafin 1850s ƙarfe daga Norway, wanda ake amfani da shi don yanke zane.
    Almakashi Kafin 1850s ƙarfe daga Norway, wanda ake amfani da shi don yanke zane.

Duba kuma[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Hemostat yayi kama da almakashi biyu, amma ana amfani dashi azaman manne a tiyata kuma baya yanke ko kaɗan.
  • Nippers sun yanke (karya) ƙananan guda daga tayal .
  • Pliers da ake amfani da su don riƙewa da murƙushe ƙarfe ko waya.
  • Tijeras Canyon fasalin yanayin ƙasa a New Mexico, Amurka da Tijeras ƙauye a cikin kwarin guda, bayan "almakashi" a cikin Mutanen Espanya.

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/547870
  2. ↑ https://m.dailykos.com/stories/2014/11/3/1341085/-History-101-Scissors
  3. ↑ https://www.enchantedlearning.com/inventors/italy.shtml
  4. ↑ https://www.bbc.com/news/business-22160739
  5. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20141208155441/http://www.whiteley.co.uk/history.html
  6. ↑ https://archive.org/details/sheffieldineigh00leadgoog?view=theater#page/n76/mode/2up/search/Hinchcliffe
  7. ↑ https://oec.world/en/resources/about
  8. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20180505022602/http://www.bbc.com/news/business-22160739
  9. ↑ https://m.dailykos.com/stories/2014/11/3/1341085/-History-101-Scissors
  10. ↑ https://sajou.fr/en/1149-reeditions-of-vintage-scissors
  11. ↑ https://www.champagne-ardenne-tourism.co.uk/what-do/visiting/sites-visit/nogent-1217037
  12. ↑ https://mechtraveller.com/2020/01/thiers-cutlery-capital-of-france/
  13. ↑ https://oec.world/en/profile/hs/scissors
  14. ↑ https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-US&_x_tr_pto=sc
  15. ↑ https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-US&_x_tr_pto=sc
  16. ↑ https://www.herder-solingen.de/
  17. ↑ https://www.comune.premana.lc.it/c097069/zf/index.php/servizi-aggiuntivi/index/index/idtesto/20132
  18. ↑ https://www.eccolecco.it/en/towns-lombardy/premana/
  19. ↑ https://oec.world/en/profile/hs/scissors
  20. ↑ https://www.sanelliambrogio.it/en/azienda.aspx
  21. ↑ https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai
  22. ↑ https://visitseki.jp/
  23. ↑ https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-21073-5_13
  24. ↑ https://matcha-jp.com/en/8529
  25. ↑ https://japanonlinetour.com/blog/discovering-japanese-quality-scissors-and-knives-tour/
  26. ↑ https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai
  27. ↑ http://www.pallaressolsona.com/en/about-us/
  28. ↑ https://reste.co.uk/blogs/journal-1/carving-a-place-in-history
  29. ↑ https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/
  30. ↑ ref
  31. ↑ https://www.businessinsider.com/why-traditional-sheffield-scissors-scissors-are-so-expensive-2020-4?r=US&IR=T
  32. ↑ https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/
  33. ↑ https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/winners-of-the-2020-heritage-crafts-awards/
  34. ↑ https://www.griffinot.com/difference-left-handed-scissors/
  35. ↑ https://www.obeducators.com/reflections/do-you-know-left-handed-scissors
  36. ↑ https://www.ign.com/wikis/paper-mario-origami-king/Bowser's_Castle
  37. ↑ https://books.google.com.ng/books?id=Ht_02x-2JksC&q=scissors+superstitions&pg=PA213&redir_esc=y
  38. ↑ Fairies and Elves By Shannon Knudsen p.27
  39. ↑ https://www.sacred-texts.com/afr/hearn/nos.htm
  40. ↑ http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/fish/scissortail.php
  41. ↑ https://www.fishlore.com/profile-scissortail.htm
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