Barbary Coast

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Barbary Coast

Wuri
Taswirori na ƙarni na 17 na ɗan wasan hoto na Holland Jan Janssonius yana nuna bakin tekun Barbary, a nan "Barbaria"

Kogin Barbary (kuma Barbary, Berbery ko Berber Coast ) shine sunan da aka bai wa yankunan bakin teku na Arewacin Afirka ko Maghreb, musamman yankunan iyakar Ottoman da suka hada da hukumomin Algiers da Tripoli, da kuma Beylik na Tunis da Sarkin Musulmi. Maroko daga karni na 16 zuwa na 19.[1] [2] [3] Kalmar ta samo asali daga exonym na Berbers.[4] [5]

Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ex-voto na yakin ruwa tsakanin jirgin ruwa na Turkiyya daga Algiers (a gaba) da jirgin Order of Malta karkashin Langon, 1719

Barbary ba koyaushe ya kasance haɗin kai na siyasa ba. Daga karni na 16 zuwa gaba, an raba shi zuwa ga hukumomin siyasar Algiers, Tripolitania, Beylik na Tunis, da Masarautar Sharifan. Manyan sarakuna da kananan sarakuna a lokacin jam'iyyun Barbary sun hada da Dey of Algiers, Pasha na Tripoli, Bey na Tunis, da Sarkin Maroko. [6]

A shekara ta 1625, 'yan fashin teku na Algiers (ya zuwa yanzu mafi girma) sun ƙididdige jiragen ruwa 100 masu girma dabam dabam da ke aiki 8,000 zuwa 10,000 maza. Masana'antar corsair ta ƙunshi kashi 25 cikin ɗari na ma'aikatan birni, ba tare da la'akari da sauran ayyukan da suka shafi tashar jiragen ruwa kai tsaye ba. Rundunar ta kai matsakaicin jiragen ruwa 25 a cikin shekarun 1680, amma waɗannan manyan jiragen ruwa ne fiye da yadda aka yi amfani da su tun shekarun 1620, don haka har yanzu rundunar tana ɗaukar mutane 7,000 aiki. Bugu da ƙari, maza 2,500 ne ke kula da rundunar 'yan fashin teku na Tripoli, 3,000 a Tunis, da kuma wasu dubu da yawa a cikin wasu ƙananan sansanonin 'yan fashi kamar Bona, Susa, Bizerta, da Salé. ’Yan sandan ba ’yan asalin garuruwansu ba ne kawai; yayin da da yawa Larabawa ne da Berbers, akwai kuma Turkawa, Girkawa, Albaniyawa, Siriyawa, da Italiyanci masu ridda (musamman Corsican) a cikin adadinsu. [7]

Sayen kiristoci da aka kama a jihohin Barbary

Sojojin ruwa na Amurka da na ruwa na Amurka sun aiwatar da aikin soja na farko a ketare a 1805 a yakin Derna, Tripoli, wani gari mai bakin teku a yanzu a gabashin Libya, a cikin watan Afrilu 1805. Ta kasance wani bangare na kokarin lalata dukkan 'yan fashin Barbary, don kwato bayin Amurka da aka yi garkuwa da su da kuma kawo karshen ayyukan satar fasaha tsakanin kabilun da ke fada da juna a bangaren jihohin Barbary, wadanda su kansu mambobi ne na Daular Ottoman. Layin buɗewa na Waƙar Marines yana nufin wannan aikin: "Daga zauren Montezuma zuwa gabar tekun Tripoli. [ana buƙatar hujja]

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. Ben Rejeb, Lotfi (2012). " 'The general belief of the world': Barbary as genre and discourse in Mediterranean history". European Review of History: Revue européenne d'histoire . 19 (1): 15. doi :10.1080/13507486.2012.643607 . S2CID 159990075 .
  2. Empty citation (help)
  3. The Department of State bulletin . 1939. p. 3.
  4. "Barbary | historical region, Africa | Britannica" . www.britannica.com . Retrieved 2021-12-14.
  5. Murray, Hugh (1841). The Encyclopædia of Geography: Comprising a Complete Description of the Earth, Physical, Statistical, Civil, and Political . Lea and Blanchard.
  6. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Barbary Pirates" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  7. Gregory Hanlon. "The Twilight Of A Military Tradition: Italian Aristocrats And European Conflicts, 1560-1800." Routledge: 1997. Pages 27-28.