Dinari na Almoravid

Dinari na Almoravid
kuɗi
Bayanai
Ƙasa	Almoravid dynasty (en)

Almoravid dinari ( Larabci: الدينار المرابطي‎ ) tsabar dinari ne na gwal da aka haƙa a ƙarƙashin daular Almoravid a cikin Maghreb da Iberia. Ma'adinan zinare na yammacin Afirka ne suka samar da su a kudancin hamadar Sahara. Dinari na Almoravid ya zagaya ko'ina fiye da yadda daular ta isa; masarautun Kirista na Iberia sun kira su " marabotin

Tarihi

Lokacin da Almoravids suka ci Awdaghust a kusa da 1054, sun sami iko a kan kudancin kudancin hanyoyin kasuwanci na trans-Saharan. A lokacin da Abubakar bn Umar ya jagoranci ƙwato yankunan Sijilmasa daga Maghrawa, sai suka mamaye yankin arewa. A cikin wannan matsayi, Almoravids sun sami damar sarrafawa da riba daga cinikin zinari na trans-Saharan. A cikin shekaru biyu da ɗaukar Sijilmasa, wurin shigar da zinari zuwa Arewacin Afirka, an kashe dinari a wurin da sunan Abubakar bn Umar .

Lokacin da Yusuf ibn Tashfin a hukumance ya zama amir na Almoravids a 1087, tsabar kudi da aka buga da sunansa da kuma girma yawan samar. Ban da Sijilmasa, an buga tsabar kudi a cikin sabbin mintoci da yawa, na farkon su a Aghmat a shekara ta 1093. Mint a Aghmat yana da mafi girma na kowane mint a Arewacin Afirka har zuwa 1122, kuma Muhammad al-Idrisi ya lura a cikin cewa a karkashin Almoravids al'ummar Aghmat sune mafi arziki.

Daga kusan 1096, Almoravid dinari an buge shi a cikin al-Andalus, wanda ya fara a Seville. An samu gagarumin karuwar samar da kayayyaki a wajen shekara ta 1104, wato shekarar da aka amince da Ali ibn Yusuf a matsayin magajin daular; wadannan tsabar kudi sun nuna sunansa tare da na mahaifinsa. Ronald A. Messier ya ba da shawarar cewa "yana da nufin bayyana halaccin 'yancin Ali na kan karagar mulki."

A ƙarƙashin Ali, samar da tsabar kuɗi ya ƙaru sosai. An samu Dinari a Marrakesh, sabon babban birnin Almoravid da aka kafa, daga kusan 1097. Shekaru hudu bayan haka, ana kuma hako su a Fes, Tilemsan, da Nūl Lamta . Garuruwa da yawa da ke fitar da tsabar kudi sun taimaka wa Sarkin Almohad ya ƙarfafa ikonsa a kan sassan daularsa mai nisa; Sunansa a kan tsabar kudi yana aiki a matsayin nau'i na alama da alamar iko don ƙaddamar da yiwuwar tayar da hankali.

Dinar Almoravid da aka yi a ƙarƙashin Ali ibn Yusuf a Seville mai nuna rubutun Almoravid Kufic .

Mafi girman yawan samar da dinari na Almoravid ya fara kusan 1120 kuma ya dade har zuwa kusan 1130; shi ne kololuwar wadatar Almoravid lokacin da aka yi yawancin gine-ginen Ali. Mafi kyawun mint na Andalusi a wannan lokacin sun kasance a Almería, Seville, da Granada — biranen da suka fi dacewa ga kasuwancin duniya .

Tare da barazanar Ibn Tumart da kungiyar Almohad, Ali ya karkata hankalinsa ga bangaren Afrika na daularsa. Kusan 1130, an sami ƙarin dinari na Almoravid a Afirka fiye da na Iberia. Daga 1139 zuwa 1146, Almohad na Ibn Tumart sun kaddamar da yaki gaba daya a kan Almoravids har zuwa lokacin da suka ci Marrakesh. Ana iya jin tasirin tattalin arzikin wannan rikici har ma a cikin 1141, lokacin da 'yan kasuwa na Fesi suka koka da "masu kwace" Almohad.

Sarkin Almoravid na karshe, Ishaq bn Ali, da wasu ‘yan tawayen Almoravid da ba a san su ba, sun hako dinari kadan daga 1146 zuwa 1151.

Zagayawa

Almoravids sun yi ciniki ne kawai tare da dinari da aka samar a cikin gida. A karkashin Almoravids, al-Andalus yana fitar da kayayyaki zuwa Arewacin Afirka, Masar, da Faransa, da sauransu. Har ila yau, ta shigo da kayayyaki daga yankuna daban-daban, ciki har da Sin, Indiya, Farisa, Gabas ta Tsakiya, Arewacin Afirka, da Turai. Saboda faffadan kasuwancin Almoravids da kuma ingancin tsabar kuɗinsu, kasuwannin Bahar Rum sun cika da Dinari na Almoravid kusan ɗari ɗaya, kuma sun yi gogayya da Fatimid dinari a matsayin babban kuɗin kasuwancin Bahar Rum.