Kasuwancin Trans-Sahara

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Kasuwancin Trans-Sahara
trade (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na international trade (en) Fassara
Ƙasa Aljeriya
Taswirar harshen Faransanci da ke nuna manyan hanyoyin kasuwanci tsakanin Sahara (1862)


Ciniki tsakanin sahara na bukatar tafiya ta hamadar sahara tsakanin yankin kudu da hamadar sahara da arewacin Afrika. Duk da yake akwai tun zamanin da, kololuwar kasuwanci ya karu daga karni na 8 har zuwa farkon karni na 17. Sahara ta taba samun yanayi na daban. A Libiya da Aljeriya, daga aƙalla 7000 BC, ana yin kiwo, da kiwon tumaki, da awaki, da manyan ƙauyuka, da tukwane. An gabatar da shanu zuwa Sahara ta Tsakiya ( Ahaggar) daga 4000 zuwa 3500 BC. Zane-zanen dutse masu ban sha'awa (wanda aka yi kwanan watan 3500 zuwa 2500 BC) a wuraren da a halin yanzu suke bushe sosai, suna nuna flora da fauna waɗanda ba su kasance a cikin yanayin hamada na zamani. [1]

A matsayinta na hamada, yanzu Sahara ta zama fili mai cike da tashin hankali wanda ya raba tattalin arzikin Bahar Rum da tattalin arzikin yankin Niger. Kamar yadda Fernand Braudel ya nuna, ketare irin wannan yanki, musamman ba tare da jigilar injuna ba, yana da fa'ida kawai idan yanayi na musamman ya haifar da fa'idar da ake sa ran ta zarce farashi da haɗari. [2] Ayarin rakuma ne ke gudanar da ciniki. A cewar Ibn Battuta, mai binciken da ya raka daya daga cikin ayarin, matsakaicin girman kowane ayari ya kai rakuma 1,000, amma wasu ayari sun kai 12,000.[3][4] 'Yan Berbers ne masu biyan kuɗi da yawa za su jagorance ayarin, waɗanda suka san hamada kuma za su iya tabbatar da hanyar tsira daga ƴan uwansu makiyaya. Rayuwar ayari yana da haɗari kuma zai dogara da haɗin kai a hankali. Za a aika da masu gudu zuwa tudu domin a kai ruwa zuwa ga ayarin sa’ad da ya rage kwanaki da yawa, domin ayarin ba sa iya ɗaukan abin da zai ishe su don yin cikakken tafiya. A tsakiyar karni na 14, Ibn Battuta ya tsallaka hamada daga Sijilmasa ta ma'adinan gishiri a Taghaza zuwa gabar tekun Oualata. An aika jagora gaba kuma aka kawo ruwa a cikin tafiya na kwanaki hudu daga Oualata don saduwa da ayarin. [5]

An kuma yi musayar al'adu da addini a kan hanyar kasuwanci tsakanin sahara. Yawancin kasashen yammacin Afirka sun amince da rubuce-rubucen Larabci da kuma addinin Arewacin Afirka, wanda ya sa su shiga cikin duniyar musulmi. [6]



Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Wani gini a Oualata, kudu maso gabashin Mauritania
  1. Empty citation (help)
  2. Empty citation (help)
  3. Rouge, David (21 February 2007). "Saharan salt caravans ply ancient route" . Reuters .
  4. "An African Pilgrim-King and a World-Traveler: Mansa Musa and Ibn Battuta" .
  5. (C.F. ed.). Missing or empty |title= (help)
  6. Bovill, E.W. (1968). Golden Trade of the Moors . Oxford University Press.