Farisa

Farisa
yankin taswira da satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire (en)
Bayanai
Farawa	6 century "BCE"
Nahiya	Asiya
Ƙasa	Achaemenid Empire
Babban birni	Anshan (Persia) (en)
Located in the present-day administrative territorial entity (en)	Fars Province (en)
Gagarumin taron	Battle of the Persian Gate on the Mountain (en)
Dissolved, abolished or demolished date (en)	20 ga Janairu, 330 "BCE"
Wuri
30°N 52°E

Persians

پارسی‌ها/فارسی/ایرانی
Jimlar yawan jama'a
c. 60+ million
Yankuna masu yawan jama'a
Iran	c. 55,250,000 (2021 est.)
Harsuna
Persian, other Iranian languages
Addini
Majority: Shia Islam Minority: Zoroastrianism, Christianity, Baháʼí Faith, Sunni Islam, Sufism, and various others
Kabilu masu alaƙa
Other Iranian peoples

 

Farisa ƙabila ce ta kasar Iran wacce ta ƙunshi fiye da rabin jama'ar Iran. Suna da tsarin al'adu iri ɗaya kuma su ne 'yan asalin harshen Farisa da kuma harsunan da ke da alaƙa da Farisa.

Asalin Farisawa sun kasance tsoffin mutanen Iran ne waɗanda suka yi ƙaura zuwa yankin Farisa (daidai da lardin Fars na Iran na zamani) a ƙarni na 9 KZ. Tare da abokan zamansu, sun kafa kuma sun mulka wasu manyan dauloli na duniya waɗanda aka san su sosai saboda tasirinsu na al'adu, siyasa da zamantakewa, wanda ya mamaye yawancin yankuna da yawan jama'a na zamanin da duniya . A tarihance, mutanen Farisa sun ba da gudummawa sosai ga fasaha da kimiyya. Adabin Farisa na ɗaya daga cikin fitattun al'adun adabi na duniya.

A cikin kalmomi na zamani, mutanen Afghanistan, Tajikistan, da Uzbekistan waɗanda suke jin harshen Farisa ana kiransu da suna Tajik, tare da tsoffin ƙasashen biyu suna da yarukan Farisa da aka fi sani da Dari da Tajiki, bi da bi; alhãli kuwa waɗanda ke cikin Caucasus (musamman a Jamhuriyar Azerbaijan da Dagestan, Rasha ), duk da cewa suna da yawa, ana kiran su da Tats. A tarihance, duk da haka, an yi amfani da kalmomin Tajik da Tat daidai gwargwado kuma tare da Farisa . Yawancin fitattun mutanen Farisa sun fito ne daga wajen iyakokin Iran na yau - zuwa arewa maso gabas a Afganistan da Asiya ta Tsakiya, kuma zuwa ƙaramin yanki a cikin Caucasus zuwa wasu tsirarun yankuna a yankin arewa maso yamma. A cikin mahallin tarihi, musamman a harshen Ingilishi, ana iya siffanta "Persian" da (sau da yawa a matsayin asalin ƙasa) don mamaye duk wasu batutuwa na tsohuwar masarautar Farisa, ba tare da la'akari da asalinsu ba.

Ethnonym

Asalin Kalma

Kalmar Farisa, ma'ana "daga Persia", ya samo asali daga Persia Latin , ta samo asali daga Girkanci Persís ( Περσίς ), wani nau'i na Hellenized na Tsohon Farisa Pārsa ( 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 ), wanda ya rikide zuwa Fārs ( فارس ) a cikin Farisa na zamani. A cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki, musamman a cikin littattafan Daniyel, Esther, Ezra, da Nehemya, an ba da shi a matsayin Pārās ( פָּרָס ).

Ilimin al'adun gargajiya na Girka ta haɗa sunan zuwa Perseus, almara na tatsuniyar Girkanci. Herodotus ya ba da wannan labari, daga wani baƙo mai suna Perses, wanda Farisa suka ɗauki sunan daga gare shi. Haka zalika, Farisawa da kansu sun san wannan labarin, kamar yadda Xerxes I yayi ƙoƙari ya yi amfani da shi don ya haifar da Argives a lokacin da ya mamaye Girka, amma a ƙarshe ya gaza cin nasara.