Harsunan Mel

Harsunan Mel
Linguistic classification	Harsunan Nijar-Congo; Harsunan Atlantic-Congo; Harsunan Yammacin Atlantika; Harsunan Mel; ; ; ;
Glottolog	mela1257

Harsunan Mel reshe ne na harsunan Nijar–Congo da ake magana da su a Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Saliyo, da Laberiya . Mafi yawan jama'a shine Temne, mai magana da kusan miliyan biyu; Kissi na gaba, da rabin miliyan.

Harsuna

A al'adance an rarraba Mel a matsayin babban reshen kudancin reshen yammacin Atlantic na Niger-Congo. Duk da haka, waɗannan yanayi ne na ƙasa da na rubutu maimakon ƙungiyoyin asali; Segerer (2010) ya nuna cewa babu wata dangantaka ta musamman tsakanin Mel da sauran harsunan kudanci, Sua (Mansoanka) da Gola . ^[2] Fields (2004) ya raba Mel zuwa ƙungiyar tsaunuka waɗanda suka samo asali daga Guinea, da kuma ƙungiyar Bullom-Kisi-Gola . . Filaye (2008:83) ya ba da shawarar cewa ƙasar Proto-Mel tana cikin tsaunukan arewa-tsakiyar tsaunuka na Saliyo kawai zuwa kudancin kogin Karancin Scarcies, maimakon bakin teku. Ƙasar Proto-Highlands tana tsakiyar tsakiyar kogin Konkoure a Guinea, zuwa arewa maso gabashin Conakry (Fields 2008: 85). ^[3]

Kwatankwacin ƙamus

Kwatanta ainihin kalmomin ƙamus a cikin harsunan Mel daga Filaye (2004): ^[4]

Harshe	ido	kunne	hanci	hakori	harshe	baki	jini	kashi	itace	ruwa	ci	suna
Sitemu	dɔ-fɔr	lʊŋ	a- lol	da-sek	ta-mera	ku-su	me-tsira	kʊ-bɛnt	kʊ-tɔk	dɔ-mun	ku-di	mu/mu-mu
Landuma	da-fɔr	a-lʊn, a-r	ta-su, ta-su	da-sek	da-mera	ku-suŋ	ma-tsir, ma-cir	ku - ba	ke-tog, kʊ-tɔɔk	da-mun, m-anc	ku-di	tayif
Temne	domin	a-lʊns, a-lƙu	a-sut, a-zuwa	sek	ra-mer	saŋ	tsir	ban, kʊ-bonth	n-an;	m - tururuwa	da; som	babban; n-sa
Bullom	bi	nui	min	e-canji	mulliŋ, li–mɛliŋ	ɲɛn	kong	ba	giyan rum	maza	dyo	illa
Kisi	helten	duk	magana	cin ciki	diɔ-muleŋ	sondoo	kowa	paa	yamndo	maŋndaŋ	dio	diolaŋ
Gola	e-fe	nu	e-mia	ina	me-miel, o-mie, meer-o	ina, ɲa	sa, ma-sei, ma-sen	ku-kpa	ku-kul, ku	mai, manda, mandi	dze, dzɛ	e-del

</br> Kwatanta ainihin kalmomin ƙamus a cikin harsunan Mel, da kuma Sua da Gola, daga Wilson (2007): ^[5] Limba kuma an ƙara shi daga Clarke (1922). ^[6]

Language	eye	ear	nose	tooth	tongue	mouth	blood	bone	tree	water	name; surname
Baga Maduri	da-fɔr / i- / sə-	a-läŋgäs / i-	ta-sot / ma-	da-sek / i-	da-mer / sə-	ku-suŋ / cu-	koonɛ	ke-bant	kə-tɔɔk / i-	ba-mun	ta-we / ma-; lambe (d-)
Baga Sitemu	dɔ-fɔr / Ø- / sə-	a-laŋəs / sə- / Ø-	a-loləm / Ø-	de-sek / Ø-	te-mer / me-	ku-su / cu-	mɛ-tsir		ko-tɔk / tsə-	da-mun
Baga Koba	da-fɔr / ɛ-	a-rəns / ɛ-	ta-sot / ma-	da-sek / ɛ-	da-mɛr	ku-soŋ / tsə-	ma-tsir	ke-bant / tsə-	kə-tɔk	na-mun	kə-teŋk
Landuma	da-fɔr / ɛ- / sə-	a-ləŋəs / yɛ-	ta-soot / ma	da-sek / ɛ-	da-mera / sə-	kə-suŋ / cə-	ma-cir		kə-tɔɔʐ / yɛ-	da-mun; m-ancs	ta-yif / ma-
Temne	rə-fɔr / ɛ-	ä-ləns / ɛ-	ä-sot̪ / mə-	rə-sek / ɛ-	rə-mer	kə-səŋ / tə-	mə-tir	kə-bänt̪	ŋ-ənt / y-; ä-tɔk 'firewood'	m-änt	ŋ-es / m-
Sherbro	hɔ́l / ti-	nṵ́ɪ́ / ti-	mín / si-	caŋ / n-	(li)màlíŋ / ti-	sùm	ŋkɔ̀ŋ	pak	tɔ̀k	mɛ́n	(i)líl / n-, si-
Mmani	fɔl / thifɔl	nyu / thinyu	min / thimin	caŋ /ncaŋ	di-miliŋ / mamiliŋ	eñɛn / nñɛn	kòó-wáŋ	pak / thipak	yɔ̀m-ndó	m̄ɛn	i–lɛlu / n-lɛlu
Kisi	hɔ̀l-téŋ	nì-léŋ	mǐŋ-ndó	cìŋ-ndé	dìɔ̀mù-léŋ	sòndò-ó	nkong	pàà-	o-thɔk	mɛ̀ŋ-ndáŋ	dìò-
Sua	(n)-fɔn / i-	n-nihi	(r)-seeny / m-	(r)-wɛy / m-	(n)-dɛmɛtɛ / i-	k-tumbu / i-	m-siin	ŋ-wuh	(ŋ)-taany / i-	m-miny	n-wey / i-; n-konto / i-
Gola	éfè	kénû	é-mḭa	késia̰	ómiè, kémiè, kémièl	óńá̰	másḛ̀i, másɛ̀n	kégòa, kégwà	kekuu, kekul	mamal, mamæ	edel
Limba	foya, hoya ha; pl. taya ta	kuluha ko; pl. ŋaliha ŋa	hutini ha; pl. ta ta	hutiti ha; pl. ta ta	filiŋ ha; pl. tafiliŋ ta	foti ha; pl. ta ta	marēŋ ma, masini ma	kutoli ko; pl. ŋa ŋa, ba ba	kuieŋ ko; pl. ŋa ŋa	mandi ma	kēn ko; pl. ŋakēn ŋa

Duba kuma

Harsunan Rio Nunez

Manazarta

↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/mela1257 |chapterurl= missing title (help). Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
↑ Guillaume Segerer & Florian Lionnet 2010. "'Isolates' in 'Atlantic'". Language Isolates in Africa workshop, Lyon, Dec. 4.
↑ Fields-Black, Edda L. 2008. Deep Roots: Rice Farmers in West Africa and the African Diaspora. (Blacks in the Diaspora.) Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
↑ Fields, Edda L. Before "Baga": Settlement Chronologies of the Coastal Rio Nunez Region, Earliest Times to c.1000 CE. In: The International Journal of African Historical Studies, Vol. 37, No. 2 (2004), pp. 229–253. Boston University African Studies Center.
↑ Wilson, William André Auquier. 2007. Guinea Languages of the Atlantic group: description and internal classification. (Schriften zur Afrikanistik, 12.) Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.
↑ Clarke, Mary Lane. 1922 [1971]. A Limba-English Dictionary or Tampeṅ Ta Ka Taluṅ Ta Ka Hulimba Ha In Huiṅkilisi Ha. Westmead, Farnborough: Gregg International Publishers Limited. (1971 reprint of 1922 book published by Houghton.)

[Glottolog-1] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/mela1257 |chapterurl= missing title (help). Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

[2] Guillaume Segerer & Florian Lionnet 2010. "'Isolates' in 'Atlantic'". Language Isolates in Africa workshop, Lyon, Dec. 4.

[Fields08-3] Fields-Black, Edda L. 2008. Deep Roots: Rice Farmers in West Africa and the African Diaspora. (Blacks in the Diaspora.) Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

[Fields04-4] Fields, Edda L. Before "Baga": Settlement Chronologies of the Coastal Rio Nunez Region, Earliest Times to c.1000 CE. In: The International Journal of African Historical Studies, Vol. 37, No. 2 (2004), pp. 229–253. Boston University African Studies Center.

[Wilson-5] Wilson, William André Auquier. 2007. Guinea Languages of the Atlantic group: description and internal classification. (Schriften zur Afrikanistik, 12.) Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.

[6] Clarke, Mary Lane. 1922 [1971]. A Limba-English Dictionary or Tampeṅ Ta Ka Taluṅ Ta Ka Hulimba Ha In Huiṅkilisi Ha. Westmead, Farnborough: Gregg International Publishers Limited. (1971 reprint of 1922 book published by Houghton.)

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