Harsunan Tarokoid
| Tarokoid | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | Nigeria |
| Linguistic classification |
Nnijer–Kongo
|
| Glottolog | taro1265[1] |
Harsunan Tarokoid guda biyar reshe ne na dangin Plateau da ake magana a tsakiyar Najeriya, arewa da tsakiyar tsakiyar kogin Benue . Tarok da kansa yana da masu magana 300,000, tare da Pe da Sur kusan 5,000 kowanne. Yangkam yana cikin hatsari sosai, wanda kusan tsofaffi hamsin ne ke magana.[2]
Harsunan Tarokoid sun yi tasiri sosai ga harsunan Ron da kuma daga baya Ngas, amma ba sauran harsunan Chadic ta Yamma na Tel, Goemai, Mupun, da Mwaghavul . Yawancin kalmomin da aka aro sun fito ne daga Tarok zuwa Chadic, ko da yake a wasu lokuta ma kalmomin Chadic ana aro su cikin Tarok. A yau, Tarok ya kasance babban yare na yankin kudancin Filato na Najeriya.
Rabewa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Harshen kawai tare da mahimman bayanai shine Tarok . An sanya Pe (Pai) a rassa daban-daban na Filato, kuma kwanan nan aka ƙara Kwang (Kwanka), amma yanzu ya bayyana a fili cewa harsuna biyar masu zuwa suna tare. Rarraba da ke ƙasa yana biye da Blench (2004).
Sunaye da wurare[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A ƙasa akwai jerin sunayen harshen Tarokoid, yawan jama'a, da wurare daga Blench (2019).
| Harshe | Yaruka | Madadin rubutun kalmomi | Sunan kansa don harshe | Endonym (s) | Wasu sunaye (na tushen wuri) | Sauran sunaye na harshe | Exonym (s) | Masu magana | Wuri(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tarok | iTarok (Plain Tarok), iZini (Hill Tarok), Səlyər, iTarok Oga aSa, iGyang | iTarok | Appa, Yergam, Yargum | Jihar Filato, Langtang da Wase LGAs | |||||
| Yangkam | Yakankam | Bashiri | Basharawa | [20,000 (1977 Voegelin da Voegelin)]. An ba da yawan kabilanci; wadannan kungiyoyi yanzu suna magana da Hausa kawai. Tun daga 1996, akwai yuwuwar akwai kasa da masu magana da 400, duk sama da shekaru 40. | Jihar Filato, Langtang da Wase LGAs, garin Bashar |
Sake ginawa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Siffofin Proto-Tarokoid da aka sake ginawa ta Longtau (2016):
| Gloss | Proto-Tarokoid |
|---|---|
| don konewa | *bi-ʃi |
| kai | *iki-ʃi |
| harshe | *iki-lerem ~ *iti-lem |
| don yin baƙin ƙarfe | *ku-la |
| gado | *iki-ler |
| wutsiya | *iku-ʃol |
| hyena | *mmu-tuŋ |
| duiker | *in-tep |
| guinea fowl | *iru-nshok |
| tsani | *n-kwaŋ |
| fonio | *iti-ʃi |
| kai-pad | *ati-kat |
| gwiwa | *itu-kuruŋ |
| kashi | *atu-kubi |
| gawa | *atu-kum |
| fata | *a-tukwa |
| zuciya | *itun-rum |
| kudi | * igi-ʧam |
| 'ya'yan itace jemage | *gi-gyaki |
| miji | *ku-rom |
| kusoshi | * i-ʃum |
| yunwa | *y-yɔŋ |
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Tarokoid". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Template:Cite conference