Kimiyyar siyasa
 Kimiyyar siyasa | |
|---|---|
academic major (en)  da academic discipline (en) | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
political studies (en) |
| Bangare na |
political studies (en) da Kimiyyar zamantakewa |
| Facet of (en) |
department of political science (en) |
| Significant person (en) |
Maurice Duverger (mul) da Elinor Ostrom (mul) |
| Mabiyi |
cameralism (en) |
| Is the study of (en) | siyasa |
| Tarihin maudu'i |
history of political science (en) |
| Gudanarwan |
political scientist (en) |
Kimiyyar siyasa ita ce nazartan kimiyyar ko al'amuran siyasa. Ilimin zamantakewa ne da ke hulɗa da tsarin mulki da iko, da kuma nazarin ayyukan siyasa, tunanin siyasa, halayyar siyasa, da tsarin mulki da dokoki masu dangantaka.[1]
Za a iya raba kimiyyar siyasa ta zamani gabaɗaya zuwa sassa uku na tsarin kwatanta siyasa, dangantakar ƙasa da ƙasa, da ƙa'idar siyasa. Sauran fitattun ƙa'idodi sun haɗa da manufofin jama'a da gudanarwa, siyasar cikin gida da gwamnati, tattalin arzikin siyasa, da hanyoyin siyasa. Bugu da ƙari, kimiyyar siyasa tanashan da Vinci da alaƙa da, kuma ta zana, fannonin tattalin arziki, shari'a, ilimin zamantakewa, tarihi, falsafar, yanayin yanayin ɗan adam, ilimin ɗan adam na siyasa, da ilimin halaiya ɗan Adam.[2]
Kimiyyar siyasa tana da banbance-banbance hanyar dabara kuma ta dace da hanyoyi da yawa waɗanda suka samo asali daga ilimin halin ɗan adam, binciken zamantakewa da falsafar siyasa. Hanyoyi sun haɗa da positivism, fassara, rational zaɓi ƙa'idar, halayya, structuralism, post-structuralism, hakikanin gaskiya, ci gaba, da jam'i. Kimiyyar siyasa, a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ilimin zamantakewa, yana amfani da hanyoyi da dabarun da suka shafi nau'o'in tambayoyin da ake nema: tushe na farko, irin su takardun tarihi da bayanan hukuma, tushen sakandare, kamar labaran mujallolin masana, binciken bincike, bincike na ƙididdiga, shari'ar. nazari, bincike na gwaji, da gina samfurin.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Asali
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A matsayin kimiyyar siyasa ta zamantakewa, kimiyyar siyasa ta zamani ta fara ɗaukar siffa a ƙarshen rabin ƙarni na 19 kuma ya fara ware kansa daga falsafar siyasa da tarihi. A cikin ƙarshen ƙarni na 19, har yanzu ba a sani ba cewa ana ɗaukar kimiyyar siyasa a matsayin wani fanni dabam daga tarihi.[3] Kalmar "ilimin siyasa" ba komai ba ne
Koyaushe bambanta daga falsafar siyasa, kuma horo na zamani yana fayyace abubuwan da suka gabata ciki har da falsafar ɗabi'a, tattalin arziƙin siyasa, tiyolojin siyasa, tarihi, da sauran fagagen da suka shafi ƙayyadaddun abubuwan da ya kamata su kasance tare da deducing halaye da ayyuka na manufa jihar.
Zuwan kimiyyar siyasa a matsayin ilimin jami'a ya kasance alama ce ta samar da sassan jami'o'i da kujeru masu taken kimiyyar siyasa wanda ya taso a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19. Ana amfani da sunan "masanin kimiyyar siyasa" don nuna wanda yake da digiri na uku ko digiri na biyu a fannin. Ana ci gaba da haɗa nazarin siyasa na zamanin da zuwa wani tsari na bai ɗaya, kuma tarihin ilimin kimiyyar siyasa ya samar da fage mai kyau don bunƙasa kimiyyar siyasa ta al'ada da ingantacciyar hanyar, inda kowane ɓangare na horo ya raba wasu magabata na tarihi. An kafa ƙungiyar Kimiyyar Siyasa ta Amurka da Nazarin Kimiyyar Siyasa ta Amurka a cikin shekarar 1903 da 1906, bi da bi, a wani yunƙuri na banbance nazarin siyasa da tattalin arziki da sauran al'amuran zamantakewa. Mambobin APSA sun tashi daga 204 a 1904 zuwa 1,462 a 1915. Membobin APSA sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kafa sassan kimiyyar siyasa da suka bambanta da tarihi, falsafa, doka, ilimin zamantakewa, da tattalin arziki.
An kafa mujallar Kimiyyar Siyasa Quarterly a cikin shekarar 1886 ta Cibiyar Kimiyyar Siyasa. A cikin fitowar farko na Kimiyyar Siyasa kwata kwata, Munroe Smith ya bayyana kimiyyar siyasa a matsayin "kimiyyar ƙasa." Idan aka yi la’akari da haka, ya haɗa da tsari da ayyukan gwamnati, da dangantakar jihohi da juna.”
A matsayin wani yunƙuri na UNESCO don haɓaka kimiyyar siyasa a ƙarshen 1940s, an kafa Ƙungiyar Kimiyyar Siyasa ta Duniya a 1949, da kuma ƙungiyoyi na ƙasa a Faransa a 1949, Biritaniya a 1950, da Jamus ta Yamma a 1951.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Definition from Lexico powered by Oxford University Press. Retrieved 23 February 2020". Archived from the original on 30 December 2019. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
- ↑ Roskin, Michael G. (11 August 2005). "Political Science". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 31 January 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
- ↑ Bevir, Mark (2022). "A History of Political Science". Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781009043458. ISBN 9781009043458.