Omar I na Kanem
 Omar I na Kanem | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Sana'a |
Omar Ibn Idris, ko Umar Idrismi, Idris Dunama III, shi ne mai mulkin (ko mai ) na Daular Kanem daga 1372 zuwa 1380.[1] Ya mayar da babban birnin ƙasar daga Njimi Kanem zuwa Kaga dake yammacin gabar tafkin Chadi a jihar Borno a yau.[2]
Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A ƙarshen ƙarni na 14, gwagwarmayar cikin gida da hare-haren waje sun raba Kanem. Tsakanin 1370 zuwa 1389, mais/sarakuna shida suka yi sarauta, amma maharan Bulala (daga yankin tafkin Fitri zuwa gabas) sun kashe biyar daga cikinsu. Wannan yaɗuwar mais ya haifar da masu da'awar sarauta da yawa kuma ya haifar da yaƙe-yaƙe tsakanin juna.[1]
A karshe, bayan yaƙin da suka yi da Kanem tun a shekarun 1370, al’ummar Bulala sun tilasta wa Kanembu karkashin Mai Omar bn Idris komawa Bornu wajen shekara ta 1380, inda suka shawo kan hare-haren da makwabtansu ( Larabawa da Berbers, da Hausawan Najeriya na zamani), suka yi sauyi na farkon daular Bornu. Daular Sayfawa da ta taɓa zama mai ƙarfi an tilasta-ta ficewa daga Kanem kuma ta koma cikin salon makiyaya da suka yi watsi da su kusan shekaru 600 da suka gabata. Da sabuwar cibiyar daular a Bornu, ta zama daular Bornu.[1]
Bayan dogon lokaci, auratayya ta Kanembu da na asali daban-daban a Bornu ya ba da gudummawa ga abin da ya yi salar mutanen yanzu masu magana da harshen Kanuri. Daular Sayfawa har yanzu tana da iko da manyan biranen biyu, don haka ta yi ƙarfi fiye da yadda ta kasance a yanzu, aka hade jihohin Bulala da Kanembu, amma har yanzu ikon siyasa na a Bornu.[1]
Kanembu ba za su sake mamaye tsohon babban birninsu na Njimi ba, sai a farkon ƙarni na sha shida a ƙarƙashin Mai Ali Gaji (1497-1515) wanda ya sami nasarar kayar da Bulala ya sake kwato Njimi, tsohon babban birnin ƙasar. Shugabannin daular, duk da haka, sun kasance a Ngazargamu, babban birnin Bornu, saboda filayensu sun fi amfani da noma kuma sun fi dacewa da kiwon shanu.[1]
Nassoshi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Kessler, P L. "Kingdoms of Central Africa - Chad". www.historyfiles.co.uk. Retrieved 2016-11-10.
- ↑ "List of Mais (kings) of Kanem-Bornu - Afropedea". www.afropedea.org. Archived from the original on 2016-03-10. Retrieved 2016-03-02.
- Ajayi, Jacob Festus Ade, and Michael Crowder (1972). "History of West Africa". New York: Columbia University Press. 08033994793.ABA
- Davidson, Basil (1998). "West Africa before the colonial era: a history to 1850". London: Longman. 08033994793.ABA
- Lange, Dierk (2004). "Ancient kingdoms of West Africa: African-centred and Canaanite-Israelite perspectives; a collection of published and unpublished studies in English and French". Dettelbach, Germany: Röll.
- Urvoy, Yves (1949). "L'empire du Bornou". Paris.
Hanyoyin haɗi na waje[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An samu wadannan hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizon a watan Mayu 29, 2014.
- Lange, Dierk. The Chad region as a crossroads Africa and the Ancient World.
- Lange, Dierk. The kingdoms and peoples of Chad Africa and the Ancient World.
- B. Schemmel. Traditional polities Rulers.org.