Ugwuele
Ugwuele ƙabilar Igbo ce a Uturu,ƙaramar hukumar Isuikwuato ta jihar Abia a Najeriya wanda ke da wani wurin da aka gina zamanin dutse wanda ya ba da shaidar cewa mutane sun mamaye yankin har zuwa 250,000. shekaru da suka gabata. Ita ce masana'anta mafi girma a Najeriya, kuma mai yiwuwa a duniya.[1]
Ugwuele wayewa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Wurin da ke Ugwuele-Uturu,wanda ke kan tudun dolerite,an hako shi ne tsakanin 1977 zuwa 1981.Mutanen yankin ne suka jagoranci masu binciken kayan tarihi zuwa wurin da suka san abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba.Ƙarshen arewa na wurin yana da tarin tarin kayan tarihi na zamani har zuwa 6 mita a zurfin.Babu wani tukwane kuma babu kayan aikin dutse da aka goge,amma akwai preforms na kayan aikin bifacial da yawa da wasu muryoyi.Hannun hannu,galibi karyewa,sun kai huɗu daga cikin biyar na kayan aikin,haka nan kuma akwai tarkace, zaɓe da tarkace.Dangane da wannan mahaɗin,an rarraba rukunin a matsayin Acheulean.Mai yiyuwa ne waɗannan kayan aikin sun kasance yunƙuri ko rashin nasara,kuma an ɗauki kayan aikin da aka yi nasara a wani wuri don a ƙara tace su.
Akwai matakai uku na sana'a. Mafi tsufa kuma mafi ƙasƙanci yana riƙe flakes quartz,ƙananan kayan aikin dutse da maki.A sama akwai wani Layer mai kayan aiki irin na fartanya,gogaggun gatari na dutse, jajayen dutse,dutsen gundura da jan tukwane.Babban matakin,tare da kwanakin tsakanin 2935 BC da kuma 15 AD, kayan aikin tukwane mai launin toka.
Wurin taron bitar dutse na Ugwuele ya ƙunshi tudun dolerite tare da sikirin kama-da-wane da ke samar da ƙarshensa na arewa.Majiyoyi sun yi iƙirarin cewa matsugunin Ugwuele ya kasance kakannin kakanni na ƙanana na Nijar da Afirka ta Yamma kuma sun sami wayewa ta musamman ta zamanin dutse bisa aikin gona.Waɗannan hominids ne da ke da alaƙa da Homo erectus da farkon Homo sapiens,waɗanda aka yi imani da su mafarauta ne. Ugwuele ya sami ci gaban al'adu,yana nuna ci gaba a cikin fasaha da addini,wanda ya ƙunshi bautar mahaliccin Allah da ruhohin tsaka-tsaki.[2]Gatari na Ugwuele ya yi fice musamman ga masu binciken kayan tarihi tun lokacin da ya yi kama da kayan aikin da aka samu a wuraren Acheulean,wanda ya fito a Faransa,Ingila,Indiya,da Arewacin Afirka.