Yaren Digo

Digo
Asali a	Kenya, Tanzania
Yanki	Mombasa and Kwale districts in Kenya; Muheza and Tanga districts in Tanzania
Ƙabila	Digo people
'Yan asalin magana	Template:Sigfig (2009–2019)e25
Dangin harshen	Nnijer–Kongo Atlantic–Congo Volta–Congo Benue–Congo Digo
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3	dig
Glottolog	digo1243

Digo (Chidigo) yare ne na Bantu wanda ake magana da farko a bakin tekun Gabashin Afirka tsakanin Mombasa da Tanzania" id="mwFA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tanga, Tanzania">Tanga ta Mutanen Digo na Kenya da Tanzania. An kiyasta yawan mutanen Digo a kusa da 360,000 (Mwalonya et al. 2004), mafi yawansu masu magana da yaren ne. Dukkanin manya masu magana da Digo suna da harsuna biyu a cikin Swahili, harshen Gabashin Afirka. Harsunan biyu suna da alaƙa sosai, kuma Digo yana da ƙamus da yawa da aka aro daga yarukan Swahili makwabta.

Rarraba

Rarrabawar da rarrabawar Digo suna ba da misali mai kyau na wahalar da wasu lokuta masu ilimin harshe ke fuskanta wajen rarrabe Harsuna da yaruka. Yawancin hukumomi na zamani sun bi Nurse da Hinnebusch (1993) a cikin rarraba Digo a matsayin yaren Mijikenda, ɗaya daga cikin yarukan Sabaki na Arewa maso gabashin Bantu. Harsunan Mijikenda tabbas suna fahimtar juna, kodayake ana bi da su a matsayin harsuna daban-daban. Digo memba ne na ƙungiyar Mijikenda ta kudanci, kuma tana da alaƙa da maƙwabtanta Duruma da Rabai. Duk da haka, masu magana suna jin cewa ya bambanta da sauran yarukan Mijikenda don ya cancanci rubutun kansa da wallafe-wallafen.

Harsuna

Masu magana da Digo suna gane nau'ikan sunaye ko yarukan yarensu. Waɗannan su ne:

• Chinondo (Northern Digo), ana magana a kudancin Kenya tsakanin Likoni (kudancin Mombasa) da Msambweni (Hinnebusch 1973);
• Ungu (ko Lungu, Kudancin Digo), ana magana da shi a bakin tekun kudu da Msambweni kuma a fadin iyaka zuwa arewacin Tanzania (Hinnebusch 1973);
• Ts'imba, ana magana da shi a cikin Shimba Hills na Kenya tsakanin Vuga a gabas da Ng'onzini a yamma (Walsh 2006); da
• Tsw'aka (ko Chw'aka), ana magana a ciki da kewayen ƙauyen da ake kira da wannan sunan a yankin Shimoni na Kenya (Möhlig 1992, Nurse & Walsh 1992).

Tsw'aka an taɓa tunanin cewa ya kasance nau'ikan yaren Vumba na Swahili, amma yanzu an dauke shi nau'ikan Digo iri-iri a cikin tsarin sauyawa zuwa Vumba. Wasu Segeju da Degere da aka daidaita sun kuma ce suna magana da nasu nau'ikan Digo, mai yiwuwa ne sakamakon Canjin harshe (Nurse & Walsh 1992).

Orthography da wallafe-wallafen

Masu magana da Digo yawanci suna rubuta yarensu ta amfani da haruffa bisa ga haruffa na Latin da aka yi amfani da su don Swahili, tare da ƙarin haɗuwa da haruffofi da ke wakiltar wasu sautunan da suka bambanta da Digo (misali 'ph' don muryar bilabial fricative ko approximant). Wannan ya ci gaba da bunkasa ta hanyar Digo Language and Literacy Project of Bible Translation and Literace (Gabas ta Afirka). Aikin ya samar da kayan karatu da rubutu na asali kuma ya buga Digo-English-Swahili Dictionary ta amfani da sabon rubutun (Mwalonya et al. 2004) da kuma bayanin harshe a cikin A Grammar of Digo (Nicolle 2013). An kammala Sabon Alkawari na Digo a cikin 2007. Dukkanin wadannan kayan sun dogara ne akan yaren Arewacin Digo da ake magana a Kenya.

Margaret Wambere Ireri tattara karin magana na Digo guda ɗari kuma ta buga su, tare da fassarori zuwa Swahili, Turanci, da Faransanci.

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Haɗin waje

• Digo ƙamus, harshe da wallafe-wallafe