Yaren Kudancin Ndebele

Ndebele
Ndebele
Mutum	inndebele
Mutane	AmaNdebele
Harshe	IsiNdebele
Ƙasa	Kwandebele

Yaren Kudancin Ndebele
	IsiNdebele
'Yan asalin magana	640,000
Dangin harshen	Harsunan Nijar-Congo; Harsunan Atlantic-Congo; Harsunan Volta-Congo; Harsunan Benue-Congo; Harsunan Bantoid; Southern Bantoid (en) ; Bantu (en) ; East Bantu (en) ; Southern Bantu (en) ; Harsunan Nguni; Yaren Kudancin Ndebele; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Baƙaƙen rubutu	Baƙaƙen boko
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-1	nr
ISO 639-2	nbl
ISO 639-3	nbl
Glottolog	sout2808

Kudancin Ndebele English: Turanci : / ɛndə ˈbiːliː / ) , kuma aka sani da Transvaal Ndebele ko South Ndebele, harshen Afirka ne na ƙungiyar Nguni na harsunan Bantu, da ake magana da shi. ta mutanen Ndebele na Afirka ta Kudu .

Northern Ndebele ko Transvaal Ndebele wanda kuma aka sani da (sumayela) si Ndebele, ana magana a Limpopo a yankuna kamar Polokwane (Bhulungwane), Ga-Rathoka (KaSontronga), Ga-Mashashane, Ga Maraba / Kalkspruit, Mokopane (Mghumbane), Zebediela (Sebetiela). ), wanda ke kusa da Kudancin Ndebele.

Dubawa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Tarihin mutanen Kudancin Transvaal Ndebele ya samo asali ne daga Sarki Ndebele, Sarki Ndebele ya haifi Sarki Mkhalangana, Sarki Mkhalangana ya haifi Sarki Mntungwa (kar a rude shi da Khumalo Mntungwa, domin shi Mabulazi ne ya haife shi), Sarki Mntungwa ya haifi Sarki Jonono, Sarki. Jonono ya haifi sarki Nanasi, sarki Nanasi ya haifi sarki Mafana, sarki Mafana ya haifi sarki Mhlanga da shugaban Libhoko, sarki Mhlanga ya haifi sarki Musi da sarki Skhube.

Ndebele – An bar wasu daga cikin ‘ya’yansa a baya tare da kabilar Hlubi Mkhalangana – Wasu daga cikin ‘ya’yansa sun reshen arewa kuma suka kafa kabilar Kalanga Mntungwa – Wanda ya kafa dangin amaNtungwa Njonono - Ya mutu a Jononoskop kusa da Ladysmith - Sunan mahaifi Jonono yana cikin kabilar Hlubi Nanasi - Ya mutu a Jononoskop kusa da Ladysmith - Sunan mahaifi Nanasi yana cikin kabilar Hlubi Mafana - Ya mutu a Randfontein (Emhlangeni) Mhlanga - Ya mutu a Randfontein (Emhlangeni) Musi - Ya mutu a kwaMnyamana (Pretoria)

Kral din Sarki Musi ya kasance ne a eMhlangeni wani wuri mai suna sunan mahaifinsa Mhlanga, sunan wurin a halin yanzu ana kiransa Randfontein (Mohlakeng) daga baya ya koma KwaMnyamana wanda yanzu ake kira Emarula ko Bon Accord a Pretoria. Sarki Musi ya auri mace fiye da daya kuma ya haifi ’ya’ya maza, Skhosana (Masombuka), Manala (Mbuduma), Ndzundza (Hlungwana), Thombeni (Kekana ko Gegana), Sibasa, Mhwaduba (Lekhuleni) da Mphafuli da sauransu.

Kudancin Transvaal Ndebele ɗaya ne daga cikin harsunan hukuma goma sha ɗaya a cikin Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu. Harshen na Nguni ko Zunda (UN) ne da ake magana da shi galibi a Lardin Mpumalanga, Gauteng, Limpopo da Arewa maso Yamma.

Ana iya fassara kalmar isikhethu a hankali zuwa ma'anar 'hanyar yin ko faɗin Kudancin Ndebele'. Isikhethu yana nufin Kudancin Ndebele kamar yadda sikitsi zai nufi Swazi kuma se harona yana nufin Sotho.

Harshen ya kasance an ware sosai cikin shekaru. Har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa yankin Kudancin Ndebele na wariyar launin fata ( Kwandebele ), an hana yin magana da yaren a bainar jama'a. Yawancin masu magana da Kudancin Transvaal Ndebele sun fi son Zulu musamman saboda an koyi na biyu a makaranta. A yau masu magana da Kudancin Ndebele, galibi waɗanda suka yi ilimi har yanzu sun gwammace su yi amfani da Kudancin Ndebele a matsayin harshen gida ga 'ya'yansu kuma za su yi amfani da Kudancin Ndebele a matsayin harshe don sadarwa tare da sauran masu magana da Ndebele na Kudancin.

Fassarar sauti[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Wasula[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kudancin Ndebele wasalan
	Gaba	Baya
Kusa	i [ i ]	ku [ ku ]
Tsakar	e [ e ~ ɛ ]	o [ o ~ ɔ ]
Bude	a [ a ]

Consonants[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Consonants na Kudancin Ndebele
		Labial	Alveolar		Bayan alv. / </br> Palatal	Velar	Glottal
		Labial	central	lateral	Bayan alv. / </br> Palatal	Velar	Glottal
M	ejective	p [ ba ]	t [ ta ]			ku [ ku ]
	aspirated	ph [ pʰ ]	da [ tʰ ]			ku [ k ]
	devoiced	bh [ b̥ ]	da [ d̥ ]			ɡ [ ɡ̊ ]
	prenasal	mp [ ᵐp ]	nt [ da ]			nk [ k ]
	prenasal (vd.)	mb [ ᵐb ]	nd [ da ]			ng [ ᵑɡ ]
	implosive	b [ ba ]
Haɗin kai	ejective		ts [ tsʼ ]	tl [ tɬʼ ]	tj [ tʃʼ ]	kg [ kx ]
	aspirated		tsh [ tsʰ ]	tlh [ tɬʰ ]	tjh [ tʃʰ ]	kgh [ kxʰ ]
	plain		da [ dz ]
	devoiced				j [ d̥ʒ ]
	prenasal				nj [ ᶮdʒ ]
Ƙarfafawa	plain	na [ f ]	s [ s ]	hl [ ɬ ]		rh [ x ]
	voiced	v [ ba ]	z [ z ]	dl [ ƙa ]			h [ da ]
	prenasal	mf [ ba ]
	prenasal (vd.)	mv [ ƙa ]
	aspirated			dlh [ ɮʰ ]
Nasal		m [ m ]	n [ n ]		na [ ɲ ]	ngh [ n ]
Ruwa			r [ r ]	l [ l ]
Semi wasali		w [ w ]			da [ j ]

Sautunan baƙaƙe nt, nd, k, mf, da mv galibi suna haifar da allophone na [d̥r dr k̬ ɱp̪fʼ ɱb̪v]</link> . ^[2]

Danna baƙaƙe[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kudancin Ndebele yana dannawa
		Dental	Bayan-<br id="mwAYY"><br><br><br></br> alveolar	Na gefe
mara murya	a fili	c [ ƙa ]	q [ ku! ]	x [ ƙasa ]
mara murya	m	ch [ ᵏʰ ]	qh [ ᵏ! ʰ ]
murya	a fili	gc [ ƙa ]	gq [ ku! ]
murya	nasalized	nc [ ƙa ]	nq [ ku! ]	nx [ ƙa ]

Nahawu[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Sunaye[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Sunan Kudancin Ndebele ya ƙunshi sassa biyu masu mahimmanci, prefix da kara. Yin amfani da prefixes, ana iya haɗa sunaye zuwa azuzuwan suna, waɗanda aka ƙidaya su a jere, don sauƙaƙe kwatanta da sauran harsunan Bantu .

Tebu mai zuwa yana ba da bayyani na azuzuwan suna na Kudancin Ndebele, wanda aka tsara bisa ga nau'i-nau'i-nau'i-nau'i ɗaya.

Class	Mufuradi	Jam'i
1/2	ku- ¹	aba-, abi-
1 a/2a	ku -	abo-
3/4	ku- ¹	imi-
5/6	i-, ili-, ilu-	ama-
7/8	ni (i)	iz(i)-, iiN-
9/10	in-	iiN-
14	ubu-, ub-, utj-
15	uku-
17	uku-

¹ umu- yana maye gurbin um- kafin tsiron monosyllabic, misali umu ntu (mutum).

Kalmomi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Verbs suna amfani da rafi masu zuwa don batun da abin:

Mutum/ </br> Class	Prefix	Infix
Waka ta farko.	ngi-	-ngi-
Waka ta 2.	ku -	-wu-
1st plur.	si-	-si-
Na biyu plur.	ni-	-ni-
1	ku -	-mu (ku)
2	ba-	-ba-
3	ku -	-mu (ku)
4	i-	- yi-
5	li-	-li-
6	a-	-wa-
7	si-	-si-
8	zi-	-zi-
9	i-	- yi-
10	zi-	-zi-
14	ba-	- ba-
15	ku-	-ku-
17	ku-	-ku-
reflexive		-zi-

Misalai[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Watanni a Kudancin Ndebele

Turanci	Northern Ndebele (Zimbabwe)	Kudancin Ndebele (Afirka ta Kudu)	Zulu (Afirka ta Kudu)
Janairu	uZibandlela	uTjhirhweni	uMasingane
Fabrairu	uhlolanja	uMhlolanja	uhlolanja
Maris	uBimbito	untaka	uNdasa
Afrilu	uMabasa	uSihlabantangana	Umbasa
Mayu	uNkwekwezi	uMrhayili	UNhlab
Yuni	uhlangula	uMgwengweni	UNhlangulana
Yuli	uNtulikazi	uVelabahlinze	uNtulikazi
Agusta	uNcwabakazi	uRhoboyi	UNcwaba
Satumba	uMpandula	uKhukhulamungu	ku Mandulo
Oktoba	uMfumfu	uSewula	uMfumfu
Nuwamba	uLwazi	uSinyikhaba	uLwazi
Disamba	uMpalakazi	uNobayeni	uZibandlela

AmaNdebele in Zimbabwe[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ndebele na Zimbabwe wani bangare ne na gungu na Nguni don haka yana kama da sauran harsunan Nguni (kamar Zulu, Xhosa da Swati) waɗanda suke da babban matakin fahimtar juna. Afirka ta Kudu (ko Kudancin Transvaal Ndebele ), yayin da yake kiyaye tushen sa na Nguni, harsunan Sotho sun yi tasiri a kansu. ^[2]

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Yaren Kudancin Ndebele". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Skhosana, P.B. (2010) The Linguistic Relationship between Southern and Northern Ndebele, University of Pretoria, DLitt Thesis

Hanyoyin haɗi na waje[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Lissafin hanyoyin haɗin kai zuwa albarkatun harshen Ndebele

Software[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

[Glottolog-1] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Yaren Kudancin Ndebele". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

[:0-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Skhosana, P.B. (2010) The Linguistic Relationship between Southern and Northern Ndebele, University of Pretoria, DLitt Thesis

[1]

[2]