Yusuf Ali Kenadid

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Yusuf Ali Kenadid
Rayuwa
Haihuwa Aluula (en) Fassara da Majeerteen Sultanate (en) Fassara, 1837
ƙasa Somaliya
Mutuwa Italian Eritrea (en) Fassara, 1911
Ƴan uwa
Yara
Sana'a
Sana'a ɗan siyasa da statesperson (en) Fassara
Imani
Addini Musulmi

Yusuf Ali Kenadid ( Somali  ; 1837 - 14 ga Agusta shekarar 1911)[1] wani Sarkin Somaliya ne. Shi ne wanda ya kafa daular Sarkin Musulmi a watan Afrilun shekara ta alif 1878. Shi ne ɗansa Ali Yusuf Kenadid ya gaje shi a kan karagar mulki.[2]

Danginsa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Yusuf Ali Kenadid an haife shi a cikin Bah Yaaqub (bangaren babban Bah Dirooble) ahalin Osman Mahamuud, dangin Majeerteen Darod. Shi ne mahaifin Osman Yusuf Kenadid, wanda zai ci gaba da ƙirƙirar rubutun Osmanya don harshen Somaliya.[3] Jikan Yusuf Ali, Yasin Osman Kenadid, daga baya zai taimaka wajen samar da Jama'a don Harshe da kuma Adabin Somaliya .[4]

Yusuf Ali bai da alaka ga zuriyar daular da ta gabata da ta yi mulkin arewa maso gabashin Somaliya. Ya tara dukiyarsa da kansa, kuma daga baya zai ya zama ƙwararren shugaban soji wanda ke ba da umarnin ƙarin manyan sojoji. "Kenadid" ba sunan sa ba ne, amma sunan da abokan hamayya suka ba shi ne.[5]

Kamar yadda aka saba a tsakanin fitattun ‘yan kasuwa a birane na wannan lokacin, don tabbatar da samun nasarar kasuwanci a cikin gida, Kenadid ya auri wata mata ‘yar gida. Yayin da yake tafiya bakin teku a matsayinsa na ɗan kasuwa, zai danka al'amuran kasuwancinsa ga matarsa ta biyu, Khadija. Ayyukan da ta yi a lokacin da mijinta ba ya nan sun haɗa da kula da harkokin kasuwanci na yau da kullun da jama'ar yankin, karɓar bashi, samun lamuni, da kiyaye hajojin da aka samu a tafiye-tafiyen da suka gabata.[6]

Yusuf Ali Kenadid

Dan Yusf Ali Ali Yusuf ya gaje shi a matsayin Sarkin Hobyo.

Majeerteen da Hobyo Sultanates[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Da farko dai burin Kenadid shi ne ya karɓe iko da Majeerteen Sultanate (Migiurtinia) da ke makwabtaka da shi, wanda dan uwansa Sarki Osman Mahamuud ya mulki. Duk da haka, bai yi nasara a wannan aikin ba, kuma a ƙarshe an tilasta masa yin hijira zuwa Yemen. Shekaru goma bayan haka, a cikin shekarar 1870s, Kenadid ya dawo daga yankin Larabawa tare da ƙungiyar musketeers Hadhrami da gungun laftanar masu sadaukarwa.

Yarjejeniyar kariyar ta Hobyo da Italiya[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Bayan ya ƙarfafa ikonsa a Hobyo, don kare kansa daga baya, ya sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya ta kariya da Italiya, har yanzu mai iko ne kawai. A haƙiƙa, neman kariya daga Turawa. Yusuf Ali da kansa ya sanar da hukumomin Italiya daga tuntuɓar farko don kafa kariyar. Duk da haka, babu wani shiga tsakani kai tsaye kuma wannan shine mai yiwuwa nunin cewa zaɓin Italiya a matsayin mai tsaro zai iya zama mafi dacewa daidai saboda ya kasa tsoma baki a cikin harkokin cikin gidan Sarkin Musulmi. Kuma watakila wannan shine dalilin da ya sa Kenadiid ya iya daga baya ya shawo kan Sarki Osman ya amince da laima na Italiya a kan masarautar Sultanate a Bari. Kariyar Italiya za ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen faɗaɗa Sultanate zuwa ciki. A cikin shekarar 1889, lokacin da aka rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar kariyar, ikon sultan kawai ya ƙarfafa a kan iyakacin iyaka na bakin teku: yarjejeniyar, a gefe guda, ta amince da shi a matsayin mai mulki tsakanin Ras Awath (Cabaad), zuwa arewa, har zuwa cikin Mereeg da tsakar rana, sannan gaba ɗayan hanyar zuwa tekun yankin Habar Gidir. A maimakon haka, tun da farko an cire yankin arewacin Mudug, Umar Maxamuud, daga cikin yarjejeniyar, ciki har da yankin Abgaal-Waceesle na Mereeg wanda kamar yadda za mu gani shi ne tushen tashe-tashen hankula. Wannan laima mai kariya ta kasance garanti daga tsoma bakin sauran ƙasashen waje a tsakanin su Jamus - amma faɗaɗa ikon mulkin Sarkin Musulmi a ciki wani shiri ne na Sarkin Musulmi.[7]

Sharuɗɗan kowace yarjejeniya ta bayyana cewa Italiya za ta kawar da duk wani tsoma baki a cikin gwamnatocin sarakunan.[8] Domin samun makamai na Italiya da tallafin shekara-shekara, Sultans sun amince da mafi ƙarancin kulawa da rangwamen tattalin arziki.[9] Italiyawa kuma sun amince da aikewa da wasu jakadu kaɗan don inganta duka sarakunan da bukatunsu.

Ƙaura[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Sai dai alakar da ke tsakanin Obbia Sultanate da Italiya ta yi tsami ne a lokacin da Sultan Kenadid ya ki amincewa da shawarar da Italiyawa suka yi na ba wa tawagar sojojin Birtaniya damar sauka a cikin masarautarsa domin su ci gaba da yaƙin su da Diriye Guure da Sarkinsa Mohammed Abdullah Hassan 's Sojojin Dervish.[10] Da yake kallon barazanar da Italiyawa ke yi, Sultan Kenadid daga karshe an kai shi gudun hijira zuwa Aden a Yemen sannan zuwa Eritrea, kamar yadda ɗansa Ali Yusuf, magajin gadon sarauta ya yi.[11] Sai dai ba kamar yankunan kudanci ba, sarakunan arewa ba su kasance ƙarƙashin mulkin kai tsaye ba saboda yarjejeniyar da suka kulla da Italiya a baya.[12]

Ali Suji[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cewar Angus Hamilton, Cali Xaaji Axmed Aaden Suji shi ne babban kwamanda a cikin darajojin Dervish a cikin 1903, yana kiran Ali Suji dervish "laftanar na farko". Angus ya kuma bayyana cewa, saboda girman darajar ALi Suji, Yusuf Ali Kenadid ya kai wa Ali Suji hari maimakon Mullah:[13]

A cikin haka ake ganin garken tumakai na Yusuf Ali su ne abin da Mullah ke kai wa hari, don haka, ta hanyar ramuwar gayya, mabiyan tsohon Shehin Malamin suka rama akan raƙuma na Laftanar Mullah na farko, Ali Suji. A bisa ka'ida, hare-haren na Somaliya faɗa ne da babu zubar da jini, tun da ya saba wa ka'idar yaƙin Somaliya na ɗaukar rai. Mafi muhimmanci a yaƙin shi ne: “Ka yi kwadayin matar maƙwabcinka; ku kama jakinsa ko rakumi; tarwatsa gidansa gabaɗaya; amma a guji zubar da jini.”

Ko da yake a farkon shekara ta 1903 Ali Suji ya jagoranci sojojin dawaki, kafin yakin Ruuga ya jagoranci sojojin dawakai na Derwish:[14]

Ali Haji Ahmed Aden wanda dan uwan sayyid ne na wajen uwa, sai Balah Seed Magan ya haifi Ali, yayin da mahaifiyar sayyid ana kiranta da Arro Seed Magan. An ce a yakin Ruuga (Dul Madoba) inda aka kashe Corfield kuma Ali Ahmed Suji shi ne shugaban sojojin dawaki na Dervish, da zarar yakin ya tashi har yanzu ba a fara kai ruwa rana ba sai mashin din ‘yan mulkin mallaka ya yi harbin kan mai uwa da wabi da bindiga mai sarrafa kanta

Duba kuma[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ "Cismaan Yuusufkeenadiid". Scribd (in Turanci). Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  2. ↑ "Cismaan Yuusufkeenadiid". Scribd (in Turanci). Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  3. ↑ Diringer, David (1968). The Alphabet: A Key to the History of Mankind, Volume 1. Funk & Wagnalls. pp. 235–236. ISBN 1452299374. Retrieved 14 December 2014.
  4. ↑ Samatar, Said S. (1979). Poetry in Somali politics: the case of Sayyid Maḥammad A̓bdille Ḥassan, Volume 2. Northwestern University. p. 31. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
  5. ↑ Corpo di stato maggiore, Ufficio storico (1938). Somalia: Dalle origini al 1914. Tipografia regionale. p. 55.
  6. ↑ Reese, Scott Steven (1996). Patricians of the Benaadir: Islamic Learning, Commerce and Somali Urban Identity in the Nineteenth Century. University of Pennsylvania. p. 201. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
  7. ↑ "Dalla tribù allo Stato nella Somalia nord-orientale: il caso sei Sultanati di Hobiyo e Majeerteen, 1880-1930". pp. 113–114.
  8. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  9. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  10. ↑ The Majeerteen Sultanates
  11. ↑ Template:Harvcoltxt
  12. ↑ Ismail, Ismail Ali (2010). Governance: The Scourge and Hope of Somalia. Trafford Publishing. p. xxiii. ISBN 1426983743.
  13. ↑ Angus Hamilton, 1911, p. 232 "... so, by way of reprisals, the followers of the old Sheikh retaliated on the camels of the Mullah’s first lieutenant, Ali Suji"
  14. ↑ diiwaanka gabayadii sayidka, 1974, poem 120

Bayanan kula[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Hanyoyin haɗin waje[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

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