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Cutar zuciya

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Cutar zuciya
Description (en) Fassara
Iri disease of anatomical entity (en) Fassara
cuta
Specialty (en) Fassara cardiology (en) Fassara
Symptoms and signs (en) Fassara chest pain (en) Fassara, dyspnea (en) Fassara, Rashin karfi
unconsciousness (en) Fassara
Genetic association (en) Fassara IL1RAPL1 (en) Fassara, HFE (en) Fassara, TOMM40 (en) Fassara, CELSR2 (en) Fassara, IRX4 (en) Fassara, SLC17A4 (en) Fassara, LDLR (en) Fassara, APOB (en) Fassara, OASL (en) Fassara, MEPE (en) Fassara, BCHE (en) Fassara da GCKR (en) Fassara
Medical treatment (en) Fassara
Magani cholecalciferol (en) Fassara
Identifier (en) Fassara
ICD-9-CM 429.2
ICD-10 I51.6
DiseasesDB 28808
MeSH D002318
Disease Ontology ID DOID:1287
Wannan Muƙalar guntuwa ce: tana buƙatar a inganta ta, kuna iya gyara ta.
Cuwan zuciya
hoton ciwon zuciya

Cutar zuciya (CVD) rukunin cututtuka ne waɗanda kuma suka shafi zuciya ko tasoshin jini.[1] CVD ya haɗa da cututtuka na jijiyoyin jini (CAD) irin su angina da infarction na zuciya (wanda aka fi sani da ciwon zuciya).[1] Sauran CVDs sun haɗa da bugun jini, raunin zuciya, cututtukan zuciya na hauhawar jini, cututtukan zuciya na rheumatic, cardiomyopathy, rhythms na zuciya mara kyau, cututtukan zuciya na haihuwa, cututtukan zuciya na valvular, carditis, aortic aneurysms, cututtukan jijiyoyin gefe, cututtukan thromboembolic, da thrombosis na venous.[1][2]

Hanyoyin da ke ciki sun bambanta dangane da cutar.[1] Cutar na jijiyoyin jini, bugun jini, da cututtukan jijiyoyin jini sun haɗa da atherosclerosis.[1] Ana kuma iya haifar da haka ta hanyar hawan jini, shan taba, ciwon sukari mellitus, rashin motsa jiki, kiba, hawan jini, rashin abinci mai gina jiki, yawan shan barasa, da sauransu.[1] An kiyasta hawan jini ya kai kusan 13% na mutuwar CVD, yayin da taba ke da kashi 9%, ciwon sukari 6%, rashin motsa jiki 6% da kiba 5%.[1] Ciwon zuciya na rheumatic na iya biyo bayan strep makogwaro ba tare da magani ba.[1]

An kuma kiyasta cewa har zuwa kuma 90% na CVD na iya yin rigakafi.[3][4] Rigakafin CVD ya haɗa da haɓaka abubuwan haɗari ta hanyar: cin abinci lafiya, motsa jiki, guje wa hayakin taba da iyakance shan barasa.[1] Yin maganin abubuwan haɗari, kamar hawan jini, lipids na jini da ciwon sukari shima yana da fa'ida.[1] Yin maganin mutanen da ke da strep makogwaro tare da maganin rigakafi na iya rage haɗarin cututtukan zuciya na rheumatic.[5] Amfani da aspirin a cikin mutane, waɗanda ba su da lafiya, ba shi da fa'ida mara tabbas.[6][7]

Cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini sune kan gaba wajen mutuwa a duk sassan duniya in banda Afirka.[1] Tare CVD ya haifar da mutuwar mutane miliyan 17.9 (32.1%) a cikin shekarar 2015, daga 12.3 miliyan (25.8%) a cikin 1990.[8][2] Mutuwar, a wani shekaru da aka ba da, daga CVD ya fi kowa kuma yana karuwa a yawancin ƙasashe masu tasowa, yayin da rates ke karuwa. sun ragu a yawancin kasashen da suka ci gaba tun daga shekarun 1970.[9][10] Cututtukan jijiyoyin jini da bugun jini suna lissafin 80% na mutuwar CVD a cikin maza da 75% na mutuwar CVD a cikin mata.[1] Yawancin cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini suna shafar tsofaffi. A cikin Amurka 11% na mutane tsakanin 20 zuwa 40 suna da CVD, yayin da 37% tsakanin 40 da 60, 71% na mutane tsakanin 60 da 80, da 85% na mutane sama da 80 suna da CVD.[11] Matsakaicin shekarun mutuwa daga cututtukan jijiyoyin jini a cikin ƙasashen da suka ci gaba ya kai kusan 80 yayin da yake kusan 68 a ƙasashe masu tasowa.[12] Ganewar cututtuka yawanci yana faruwa shekaru bakwai zuwa goma a baya a cikin maza idan aka kwatanta da mata.[13]

Transmission electron micrograph of a blood vessel displaying an erythrocyte (red blood cell, E) within its lumen, endothelial cells forming its tunica intima (inner layer), and pericytes forming its tunica adventitia (outer layer).

Ire-ire

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Akwai ire-iren cututtuka da ke da alaka da tashoshin jini iri-iri. Ana kiransu da cututtukan vascular diseases.

Har ila yau, akwai cututtukan cardiovascular wanda suke da alaka da zuciya

Abubuwan da ke iya janyo cutar zuciya

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Akwai abubuwa da dama da ka iya janyo cutar zuciya, kamar; shekaru, jinsi, amfani da taba/sigari, rashin motsa jini, cutar non-alcoholic fatty liver, yawam shan barasa, rashin cin abinci mai kyau, kiba, gado ko kuma tarihin dangi akan cututtukan zuciya, hawan jini, diabetes mellitus, yawan maiko acikin jini hyperlipidemia, cutar celiac wacce ba ai mata magani ba, matsalolin zamantaewar rayuwa, talauci da karancin ilimi, gurbacewar Iska, da kuma rashin samun isasshen cacci

Kariya

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Za'a iya kiyaye kusan kaso 90% na kamuwa daga cutar zuciya matukar an kiyaye wadannan abubuwan da ke janyo cutar.[3][14] Hanyoyin da ake gwada wajen magance kamuwa da cutar zuciya su ne;

  • Kiyaye cin kayan abinci nagina jiki, irinsu kayan abinci na Mediterranean, cin ganyayyaki kawai, haramtawa kai cin nama ko kuma kiyaye cin kayan abinci na shuke-shuke kawai.[15][16][17][18]
  • Maye kayan abinci masu yawan maiko ko kitse na dabbobi da mai da aka cire daga jikin itace ko tsirrai: Bincike na lafiya ya nuna cewa sauya cin abinci daga masu maiko na dabbobi zuwa mai da ake cirewa daga shuke-shuke na rage illar kamuwa da cutar zuciya da kaso 30%. Bincike sun nuna cewa wannan dabi'a na rage cin maiko na daga dabbobi zuwa mai da aka sarrafa daga jikin itace kan rage hadarin kamuwa da cutukan zuciya matuka.
  • Rage kiba idan mutum ya cika kiba.[19] Illar rage kiba na da kusancin alaka ga illar sauya nau'in kayan abinci, sannan hujjoji akan nau'in kayan abinci na rage kiba kadan ne.[20] Acikin wani bincike na nazari da aka gano akan mutane masu kiba sosai, rage kiba bayan aikin tita na bariatric surgery kan rage hadarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya da kaso 46%.[21]
  • Rage shan barasa zuwa wasu 'yan lokuta a duk rana.[15] Mutanen da basu shan abubuwan da ke dauke da giya na da kaso 25–30% na karancin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya.[22][23] Haka zalika, mutanen da basuyi gadon shan barasa da yawa ba na da karancin hadarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya.[24] Yawan shan barasa na kara hadarin kamuwa da cutar zuciya,[25][23] sannan kuma shan barasa kan inya janyo faruwar cutar zuciya a rana ta gaba daga shan ta.[23]
  • Rage cin abinci da ke dauke da maiko na HDL cholesterol.[26][27] Magungunan Statin kan rage mace-mace ta hanyar cutar zuciya da kusan kaso 31%.[28]
  • Daina shan sigara da sauran kayan hayaki na taba.[23] Dena shan taba gabaki daya kan rage hadarin kamuwa da kas 35%.[29]
  • Motsa jini akalla na mintuna 150 (sa'anni 2 da minti talatin) a duk mako.[30][31]
  • Rage hauhawan jini, idan jinin ya hau. Rage hawan jini da 10 mmHg na rage hadarin kamuwa da cutar zuciya da kaso 20%.[32] Saukar da hawan jini da amfani ko da ace hawan jinin na tafiya daidai yadda ya kamata.[33][34][35]
  • Rage damuwar zuci.[36] Wannan mataki na da wuyan kiyaye saboda ba lallai a iya bayyana abubuwan da suka shafi tunani ba.[37] Yawan damuwa yana da hadarin kara kamuwa da cutar zuciya, musamman ga masu tarihin matsalolin zuciya.
  • Rashin samun isasshen bacci ma na iya haifar da hawan jini. Baligi na buƙatar akalla sa'anni 7-9 na bacci a duk rana.

Mafi akasarin masana kiwon lafiya sun bada shawara kiyaye wadannan ka'idoji baki daya.

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 Mendis, Shanthi; Puska, Pekka; Norrving, Bo (2011). Global Atlas on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control (PDF). World Health Organization in collaboration with the World Heart Federation and the World Stroke Organization. pp. 3–18. ISBN 978-92-4-156437-3. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-08-17.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, et al. (GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators) (January 2015). "Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". Lancet. 385 (9963): 117–71. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2. PMC 4340604. PMID 25530442.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 McGill HC, McMahan CA, Gidding SS (March 2008). "Preventing heart disease in the 21st century: implications of the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) study". Circulation. 117 (9): 1216–27. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.717033. PMID 18316498.
  4. ↑ O'Donnell MJ, Chin SL, Rangarajan S, Xavier D, Liu L, Zhang H, et al. (August 2016). "Global and regional effects of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with acute stroke in 32 countries (INTERSTROKE): a case-control study". Lancet. 388 (10046): 761–75. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30506-2. PMID 27431356.
  5. ↑ Spinks A, Glasziou PP, Del Mar CB (November 2013). "Antibiotics for sore throat". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 11 (11): CD000023. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000023.pub4. PMC 6457983. PMID 24190439.
  6. ↑ Sutcliffe P, Connock M, Gurung T, Freeman K, Johnson S, Ngianga-Bakwin K, et al. (2013). "Aspirin in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer: a systematic review of the balance of evidence from reviews of randomized trials". PLOS ONE. 8 (12): e81970. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...881970S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0081970. PMC 3855368. PMID 24339983.
  7. ↑ Sutcliffe P, Connock M, Gurung T, Freeman K, Johnson S, Kandala NB, et al. (September 2013). "Aspirin for prophylactic use in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer: a systematic review and overview of reviews". Health Technology Assessment. 17 (43): 1–253. doi:10.3310/hta17430. PMC 4781046. PMID 24074752.
  8. ↑ Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, et al. (GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators) (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
  9. ↑ Institute of Medicine of the National Academies (2010). "Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease". In Fuster, Valentin; Kelly, Bridget B. (eds.). Promoting cardiovascular health in the developing world : a critical challenge to achieve global health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. ISBN 978-0-309-14774-3. Archived from the original on 2017-09-08.
  10. ↑ Moran AE, Forouzanfar MH, Roth GA, Mensah GA, Ezzati M, Murray CJ, Naghavi M (April 2014). "Temporal trends in ischemic heart disease mortality in 21 world regions, 1980 to 2010: the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study". Circulation. 129 (14): 1483–92. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.113.004042. PMC 4181359. PMID 24573352.
  11. ↑ Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Borden WB, et al. (January 2013). "Heart disease and stroke statistics--2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association". Circulation. 127 (1): e6–e245. doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31828124ad. PMC 5408511. PMID 23239837.
  12. ↑ Institute of Medicine of the National Academies (2010). "Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease". In Fuster, Valentin; Kelly, Bridget B. (eds.). Promoting cardiovascular health in the developing world : a critical challenge to achieve global health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. ISBN 978-0-309-14774-3. Archived from the original on 2017-09-08.
  13. ↑ Mendis, Shanthi; Puska, Pekka; Norrving, Bo (2011). Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control (1 ed.). Geneva: World Health Organization in collaboration with the World Heart Federation and the World Stroke Organization. p. 48. ISBN 978-92-4-156437-3.
  14. ↑ McNeal CJ, Dajani T, Wilson D, Cassidy-Bushrow AE, Dickerson JB, Ory M (January 2010). "Hypercholesterolemia in youth: opportunities and obstacles to prevent premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease". Current Atherosclerosis Reports. 12 (1): 20–8. doi:10.1007/s11883-009-0072-0. PMID 20425267. S2CID 37833889.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 "Heart Attack—Prevention". NHS Direct. 28 November 2019.
  16. ↑ Quek, Jingxuan; Lim, Grace; Lim, Wen Hui; Ng, Cheng Han; So, Wei Zheng; Toh, Jonathan; Pan, Xin Hui; Chin, Yip Han; Muthiah, Mark D.; Chan, Siew Pang; Foo, Roger S. Y. (2021-11-05). "The Association of Plant-Based Diet With Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Prospect Cohort Studies". Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. 8: 756810. doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.756810. ISSN 2297-055X. PMC 8604150 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 34805312 Check |pmid= value (help).
  17. ↑ Gan, Zuo Hua; Cheong, Huey Chiat; Tu, Yu-Kang; Kuo, Po-Hsiu (2021-11-05). "Association between Plant-Based Dietary Patterns and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies". Nutrients. 13 (11): 3952. doi:10.3390/nu13113952. ISSN 2072-6643. PMC 8624676 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 34836208 Check |pmid= value (help).
  18. ↑ Benatar, Jocelyne R.; Stewart, Ralph A. H. (2018). "Cardiometabolic risk factors in vegans; A meta-analysis of observational studies". PLOS ONE. 13 (12): e0209086. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1309086B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0209086. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 6301673. PMID 30571724.
  19. ↑ McTigue KM, Hess R, Ziouras J (September 2006). "Obesity in older adults: a systematic review of the evidence for diagnosis and treatment". Obesity. 14 (9): 1485–97. doi:10.1038/oby.2006.171. PMID 17030958. S2CID 45241607.
  20. ↑ Semlitsch T, Krenn C, Jeitler K, Berghold A, Horvath K, Siebenhofer A (February 2021). "Long-term effects of weight-reducing diets in people with hypertension". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2021 (2): CD008274. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008274.pub4. PMC 8093137 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 33555049 Check |pmid= value (help).
  21. ↑ Kwok CS, Pradhan A, Khan MA, Anderson SG, Keavney BD, Myint PK, et al. (April 2014). "Bariatric surgery and its impact on cardiovascular disease and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis". International Journal of Cardiology. 173 (1): 20–8. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.02.026. hdl:2164/3181. PMID 24636546.
  22. ↑ Ronksley PE, Brien SE, Turner BJ, Mukamal KJ, Ghali WA (February 2011). "Association of alcohol consumption with selected cardiovascular disease outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis". BMJ. 342: d671. doi:10.1136/bmj.d671. PMC 3043109. PMID 21343207.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 Mostofsky E, Chahal HS, Mukamal KJ, Rimm EB, Mittleman MA (March 2016). "Alcohol and Immediate Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis". Circulation. 133 (10): 979–87. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.019743. PMC 4783255. PMID 26936862.
  24. ↑ Holmes MV, Dale CE, Zuccolo L, Silverwood RJ, Guo Y, Ye Z, et al. (July 2014). "Association between alcohol and cardiovascular disease: Mendelian randomisation analysis based on individual participant data". BMJ. 349: g4164. doi:10.1136/bmj.g4164. PMC 4091648. PMID 25011450.
  25. ↑ Klatsky AL (May 2009). "Alcohol and cardiovascular diseases". Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy. 7 (5): 499–506. doi:10.1586/erc.09.22. PMID 19419257. S2CID 23782870.
  26. ↑ McMahan CA, Gidding SS, Malcom GT, Tracy RE, Strong JP, McGill HC (October 2006). "Pathobiological determinants of atherosclerosis in youth risk scores are associated with early and advanced atherosclerosis". Pediatrics. 118 (4): 1447–55. doi:10.1542/peds.2006-0970. PMID 17015535. S2CID 37741456.
  27. ↑ Raitakari OT, Rönnemaa T, Järvisalo MJ, Kaitosaari T, Volanen I, Kallio K, et al. (December 2005). "Endothelial function in healthy 11-year-old children after dietary intervention with onset in infancy: the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project for children (STRIP)". Circulation. 112 (24): 3786–94. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.583195. PMID 16330680.
  28. ↑ Chou R, Dana T, Blazina I, Daeges M, Jeanne TL (November 2016). "Statins for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force". JAMA. 316 (19): 2008–2024. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.15629. PMID 27838722.
  29. ↑ Critchley J, Capewell S (2004-01-01). Critchley JA (ed.). "Smoking cessation for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1): CD003041. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003041.pub2. PMID 14974003. Samfuri:Retracted
  30. ↑ "Chapter 4: Active Adults". health.gov. Archived from the original on 2017-03-13.
  31. ↑ "Physical activity guidelines for adults". NHS Choices. 2018-04-26. Archived from the original on 2017-02-19.
  32. ↑ Ettehad D, Emdin CA, Kiran A, Anderson SG, Callender T, Emberson J, et al. (March 2016). "Blood pressure lowering for prevention of cardiovascular disease and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Lancet. 387 (10022): 957–967. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01225-8. PMID 26724178.
  33. ↑ "Many more people could benefit from blood pressure-lowering medication". medicalxpress.com (in Turanci). Retrieved 14 June 2021.
  34. ↑ "expert reaction to study looking at pharmacological blood pressure lowering for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease across different levels of blood pressure | Science Media Centre". Retrieved 14 June 2021.
  35. ↑ Adler A, Agodoa L, Algra A, Asselbergs FW, Beckett NS, Berge E, et al. (May 2021). "Pharmacological blood pressure lowering for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease across different levels of blood pressure: an individual participant-level data meta-analysis". Lancet (in English). 397 (10285): 1625–1636. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00590-0. PMC 8102467 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 33933205 Check |pmid= value (help).CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Available under CC BY 4.0.
  36. ↑ Linden W, Stossel C, Maurice J (April 1996). "Psychosocial interventions for patients with coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis". Archives of Internal Medicine. 156 (7): 745–52. doi:10.1001/archinte.1996.00440070065008. PMID 8615707. S2CID 45312858.
  37. ↑ Linden W, Stossel C, Maurice J (April 1996). "Psychosocial interventions for patients with coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis". Archives of Internal Medicine. 156 (7): 745–52. doi:10.1001/archinte.1996.00440070065008. PMID 8615707. S2CID 45312858.
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