Gudun kifi
 Gudun kifi | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | Tafiya tafiyan dabbobi |
Class of agent(s) of action (en)  | kifi |
Gudun kifi shine ƙaura mai yawa ta kifi daga wani yanki ko jikin ruwa zuwa wani. Yawancin nau'ikan kifi suna ƙaura a kai a kai, a kan ma'auni na lokaci daga yau da kullun zuwa shekara-shekara ko fiye, kuma a kan nisan da ke tsakanin 'yan mitoci zuwa dubban kilomita. Irin wannan ƙaura yawanci ana yin ta ne don inganta abinci ko haifuwa, amma a wasu lokuta dalilan ba su da tabbas.[1]
Gudun kifi ya haɗa da motsi na makarantu na kifi a kan sikelin da tsawon lokaci mafi girma fiye da waɗanda ke tasowa yayin ayyukan yau da kullun.[2] Wasu nau'ikan ƙaura sune anadromous, inda manyan kifaye ke zaune a cikin teku kuma suna ƙaura zuwa cikin ruwa mai laushi don haifar da; da kuma catadromous , inda manyan kifayen ke rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai kyau kuma suna ƙauka zuwa cikin ruwan gishiri don haifar da su.[3]
Kifi na ruwa sau da yawa suna yin ƙaura mai tsawo tsakanin wuraren haifuwa, ciyarwa da wuraren kiwo. Ayyukansu suna da alaƙa da raƙuman teku da kuma wadatar abinci a wurare daban-daban a lokuta daban-daban na shekara. Motsawar ƙaura na iya haɗawa da gaskiyar cewa kifi ba zai iya gano 'ya'yansu ba kuma motsawa ta wannan hanyar yana hana cin nama. Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Dokar Tekun ta bayyana wasu nau'o'in a matsayin nau'o-nau'in ƙaura. Wadannan manyan kifaye ne na pelagic waɗanda ke shiga da fita daga yankunan tattalin arziki na kasashe daban-daban, kuma an rufe waɗannan daban-daban a cikin yarjejeniyar daga wasu kifaye.
Salmon da striped bass sanannun kifi ne na anadromous, kuma kifin eels na ruwa mai laushi kifi ne wanda ke yin ƙaura mai tsawo
Kamar yadda yake tare da wasu fannoni daban-daban na rayuwar kifi, masu ilimin dabbobi sun haɓaka rarrabuwa na kwarewa don ƙaurawar kifi.[4] Kalmomin farko guda biyu masu zuwa sun kasance a cikin amfani mai yawa, yaykifin in da wasu daga cikin kwanan nan.
- Anadromous - kifi da ke ƙaura daga teku (Girkanci: , aná, lit. 'sama' da δρόμος drómos '') cikin ruwa mai laushi don haifar, kamar salmon, bass mai laushi, da kuma lamprey na teku
- Catadromous - kifi da ke daga ruwa mai laushi (Girkanci: κατά kata 'kasa' da δρόμος dromos '') zuwa cikin teku don haifar, kamar eels [5]
- dia - duk kifaye da ke ƙaura tsakanin teku da ruwa mai kyau. Kamar kalmomin biyu da aka ambata a sama, sanannun kalmomi, an kafa diadromous daga Girkanci na gargajiya (dia '' da dromos 'tsere').
- Amphidromous - kifi da ke ƙaura daga ruwa mai laushi zuwa teku, ko akasin haka, amma ba don manufar kiwo ba. Maimakon haka suna shiga ruwan gishiri ko ruwa mai laushi a matsayin tsutsotsi, inda za su girma cikin yara kafin su koma wurin zama da suka fito da farko kuma su zauna a can har tsawon rayuwarsu, suna girma zuwa manya masu girma.
- Potamodromous - kifi wanda ƙaura ke faruwa gaba ɗaya a cikin ruwa mai laushi
- Oceanodromous - kifi da ke rayuwa da ƙaura gaba ɗaya a cikin teku [4][6]
- ↑ McDermott, Amy (2025-05-21). "Where do fish go and why? For many species, nobody knows". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 122 (21). doi:10.1073/PNAS.2510827122. PMC 12130897 Check
|pmc=value (help). - ↑ Dingle, Hugh and Drake, V. Alistair (2007) "What Is Migration?". BioScience, 57(2):113–121. doi:10.1641/B570206
- ↑ Gross, Mart R.; Coleman, Ronald M.; McDowall, Robert M. (1988-03-11). "Aquatic Productivity and the Evolution of Diadromous Fish Migration". Science. 239 (4845): 1291–1293. Bibcode:1988Sci...239.1291G. doi:10.1126/science.239.4845.1291. PMID 17833216. S2CID 241447.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Secor, David H; Kerr L A (2009). "Lexicon of life cycle diversity in diadromous and other fishes". Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. (69): 537–556. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Secor 2009" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedMoyle, P.B 2004 - ↑ Myers, George S. (1949). "Usage of Anadromous, Catadromous and allied terms for migratory fishes". Copeia. 1949 (2): 89–97. doi:10.2307/1438482. JSTOR 1438482.