Kai

kai cikin Turanci na zamani, kalmar "ku" ita ce wakilin mutum na biyu. Yana da jam'i na jam'i, kuma an yi amfani da shi a tarihi kawai don yanayin dative, amma a mafi yawan [ƙididdigar da ake buƙata] ana amfani da yarukan zamani don duk lokuta da lambobi.^{[ana buƙatar hujja]}

Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kuna fito ne daga asalin zanga-zangar Proto-Jamusanci *juz-, *iwwiz daga Proto-Indo-Turai *yu- (Kai suna na biyu). Tsohon Ingilishi yana da sunayen mutum na biyu guda ɗaya, biyu, da jam'i. rasa nau'i biyu a ƙarni na goma sha biyu, [1]:^:117 kuma nau'i ɗaya ya ɓace a farkon 1600s. ^[1] nuna ci gaban a cikin tebur mai zuwa.^{:117, 120, 121}

Wakilin mutum na biyu a Tsohon Turanci, Turanci na Tsakiya, & Turanci na zamani
	Mai banbanci			Biyu			Yawancin mutane
	OE	Ni	Mod	OE	Ni	Mod	OE	Ni	Mod
Nominative	þu	þu		ġit			ġe	ȝē	kai
Mai zargi	þe	þē		inc			ēow	ȝou
Bayani	þe	þē		inc			ēow	ȝou
Halitta	þīn	þī(n)		incer			ēower	ȝour(es)	ku (s)

Farkon Turanci na zamani ya bambanta tsakanin jam'i ye da mutum ɗaya ye. K yadda yake a wasu harsunan Turai da yawa, Turanci a lokacin yana da Bambancin T-V, wanda ya sa siffofin jam'i sun fi girmamawa da girmamawa; an yi amfani da su don magance baƙi da manyan zamantakewa. Wannan bambancin kai haifar da zama sananne a cikin Turanci na zamani, kodayake yana ci gaba a wasu yarukan Turanci.

Kai bunƙasa a farkon ƙarni na 14, tare da jam'i da aka tabbatar daga 1520.

Yanayin Yanayi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

kai cikin Turanci na zamani, kuna da siffofi biyar da ke wakiltar nau'ikan kalmomi guda Ka'ida:

kai: nau'ikan da ake kira (mai ma'ana) da kuma zargi (mai maɓalli ko mai ma'ana :^:146)
ku: naka:'in da ya dogara da shi (mai mallaka)
naka: nau'in mai zaman kansa (mai mallaka)
kanku: nau'in tunani na jam'i
kanka: nau'in tunani na musamman

Hanyoyin da yawa daga wasu nau'o'in[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kodayake 'kai' wasu riƙewar yare na asali na jam'i da asali na asali, yawancin kungiyoyin Ingilishi sun rasa siffofin asali. Saboda asarar bambancin asali na asali, yawancin yarukan Ingilishi na wannan rukuni sun kirkiro sababbin nau'ikan jam'i na wakilin mutum na biyu. Misalan irin waɗannan sunayen da ake gani da jin su sun haɗa da:

y'all, or you all – southern United States, African-American Vernacular English, the Abaco Islands, St. Helena^[2] and Tristan da Cunha.^[2] Y'all however, is also occasionally used for the second-person singular in the North American varieties.
Template:Wikt-lang [ju gajz~juɣajz] – United States,^[3] particularly in the Midwest, Northeast, South Florida and West Coast; Canada, Australia. Gendered usage varies; for mixed groups, "you guys" is nearly always used. For groups consisting of only women, forms like "you girls" or "you gals" might appear instead, though "you guys" is sometimes used for a group of only women as well.
Template:Wikt-lang – United Kingdom, Palmerston Island, Australia
you mob – Australia
Template:Wikt-lang, all-you – Caribbean English, Saba^[4]
a(ll)-yo-dis – Guyana^[5]
allyuh – Trinidad and Tobago
among(st)-you – Carriacou, Grenada, Guyana,^[5] Utila^[4]
Template:Wikt-lang – Barbados^[5]
yinna – Bahamas^[5]
Template:Wikt-lang/oona – Jamaica, Belize, Cayman Islands, Barbados,^[5] San Salvador Island^[2]
Template:Wikt-lang – Ireland, Tyneside, Merseyside, Central Scotland, Australia, Falkland Islands,^[2] New Zealand,^[4] Philadelphia, parts of the Midwestern US, Cape Breton and rural Canada^{[ana buƙatar hujja]}
yous(e) guys – in the United States, particularly in New York City region, Philadelphia, Northeastern Pennsylvania, and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan;^{[ana buƙatar hujja]}
you-uns, or yinz – Western Pennsylvania, the Ozarks, the Appalachians
ye, Template:Wikt-lang, Template:Wikt-lang, Template:Wikt-lang – Ireland, Tyneside, Newfoundland and Labrador^[4]

Magana[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kuna nufin Kai karɓa tare da sifili ko wasu mutane, ban da mai magana. Ana kuma amfani Kai ku don komawa ga abubuwan da aka kwatanta (misali, Me ya sa ba za ku fara ba? an yi magana da mota). Kullum kuna Kai tabbas ko da ba takamaiman ba ne.

A cikin ma'ana, kai mutum ɗaya ne kuma jam'i, kodayake kusan koyaushe jam'i ne: watau koyaushe yana ɗaukar nau'in aikatau wanda asalin ya nuna kalmar a matsayin jam'i. (watau kai ne, tare da mu ne kuma su ne).

Amfani da mutum na uku[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

daya amfani Kai ku don komawa ga mutumin da ba a tantance shi ba, a matsayin madadin da aka fi sani da shi ga Wakilin da ba a bayyana ba. Kodayake wankai na iya zama mutum na uku, don dalilai na yarjejeniya, koyaushe mutum ne na biyu.

Misali: "Ɗaya kamata mutum ya sha ruwa aKai-akai" ko "Ya kamata ku sha ruwa akai.

Rubuce-rubuce[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Yarjejeniya[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kusan koyaushe kuna haifar Kai yarjejeniya kalma ta jam'i, koda kuwa yana da ma'ana ɗaya.

Ayyuka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Kun< id="mwAX8">Kai iya bayyana a matsayin batun, abu, mai ƙayyadewa ko kari. Hanyar tunani kuma ta bayyana a matsayin mai ba da gudummawa. Kai wasu lokuta kuna bayyana a matsayin mai gyara a cikin kalma mai suna.

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