Yanayi (Climate)
Yanayi shine matsakaicin yanayi na yau da kullun, wanda aka saba da shi tsawon shekaru 30.[1] Ƙari da ƙarfi, shine ma'anar da canjin yanayin canjin yanayi a tsawon lokacin da ya fara daga watanni zuwa miliyoyin shekaru. Wasu daga cikin canjin yanayi da ake yawan aunawa sune zazzabi, zafi, matsin yanayi, iska, da hazo . A taƙaice, yanayi shi ne yanayin abubuwan da tsarin tsarin yanayi ya ƙunsa, wanda ya haɗa da teku, ƙasa, da kankara a doron ƙasa. Yanayin wani wuri yana shafar latitude / longitude, ƙasa, da tsayin sa, da kuma ruwayen ruwa da ke kusa da su.
Za'a iya rarrabe yanayi gwargwadon matsakaita da matsakaicin jeri na masu canji daban -daban, galibi yawan zafin jiki da hazo. Tsarin rarrabuwa da aka fi amfani da shi shine rarrabewar yanayi na Köppen.
Paleoclimatology shine nazarin tsoffin yanayi. Tun da akwai 'yan kallon kai tsaye na yanayin ƙasa kafin ƙarni na 19, ana samun paleoclimates daga masu canza wakili waɗanda suka haɗa da shaidar ba-biotic kamar ɓoyayyen da ake samu a cikin gadajen tafki da kankara, da kuma shaidar halittu kamar zoben itace da murjani. Samfuran yanayi su ne ƙirar lissafi na canjin yanayi na baya, na yanzu da na gaba. Canjin canjin yanayi na iya faruwa akan tsawon lokaci da gajeren lokaci daga abubuwa da dama; an tattauna dumamar yanayi a ɗumamar yanayi. Dumamar yanayi yana haifar da sake rarrabawa. Misali, "a 3 Canjin ° C a matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara -shekara yayi daidai da jujjuyawar isotherms na kusan kilomita 300-400 a cikin latitude (a cikin yanayin zafi) ko mita 500 a tsayi. Don haka, ana tsammanin nau'ikan za su iya hawa sama zuwa sama ko zuwa sandunan a cikin latitude don mayar da canjin yanayin yanayi ". [2] [3]
Ma'anar Yanayi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Yanayi (daga Greek: κλίμα klima, ma'ana karkata) ne fiye da bayyana a matsayin yanayin kaddarance a kan wani dogon lokaci. [4] Matsakaicin matsakaicin lokacin shine 30 shekaru, [5] amma ana iya amfani da wasu lokutan dangane da manufar. Har ila yau, yanayin ya haɗa da ƙididdiga ban da matsakaita, kamar girman girman bambancin yau da kullun ko na shekara zuwa shekara. Ƙididdigar ƙamus na ƙungiyoyin gwamnatoci a kan canjin yanayi (IPCC) 2001 kamar haka:
Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- ↑ Planton, Serge (France; editor) (2013). "Annex III. Glossary: IPCC – Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change" (PDF). IPCC Fifth Assessment Report. p. 1450. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-05-24. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
- ↑ Hughes, Lesley (2000). Biological consequences of globalwarming: is the signal already. p. 56.
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