Yarbawa
 | |
| Jimlar yawan jama'a | |
|---|---|
| 47,000,000 | |
| Yankuna masu yawan jama'a | |
| Benin, Najeriya, Togo, Ghana da Kanada | |
| Harsuna | |
| Yarbanci | |
| Addini | |
Kiristanci, Musulunci da Yoruba religion (en)  |
Yarbawa mutanen yankin kudancin Najeriya ne masu magana da harshen Yarbanci, a matsayin harshen gado; wato harshen uwa ko harshen haihuwa. Dukkan Yarabawan da ke duniya, sun fito ne daga kaka ɗaya rak; wato tushen su guda ne wanda shi ne Oduduwa.[1]
Ƙabilar Yarabawa, suna ɗaya daga cikin manya-manyan ƙabilun Afirka ta Yamma (Biobaku, babu shekara). Mutane ne masu son junansu da kuma haɗin kai a tsakanin su. Suna da zaman lafiya da kuma matuƙar karɓar baƙi bakin gwargwado.
Fitaccen masanin tarihi, Dakta Babatola a shekarar (2019) yana kuma da ra’ayin cewa samuwar daɗaɗɗe kuma tsararren shugabanci guda ɗaya tilo, mai tushe guda; Oduduwa, ƙarƙashin sarautar gargajiya shi ne abin da ya ƙara danƙon zumunci a tsakanin Yarabawa duk kuwa da fantsamuwar su zuwa wasu sassan Afirka da ke wajen Ƙasar Yarabawa da ma wasu sassan duniya.[2]
Washington (2016), da Ogunbado (2003), sun yi ƙiyasin cewa sama da mutane miliyan talatin ne suke magana da wannan harshe a ƙasashen Afirka da kuma Brazil. Ogunbado (2003) ya ƙara da cewa sannan kuma akwai mutane sama da miliyan ɗaya da suke magana da wannan harshe a ƙasashe irin su Cuba da Birtaniya da sauran su.[3]
Kenan, muna iya cewa a bias ƙiyasi yanzu akwai Yarabawa a duniya sama miliyan talatin ɗaya. Ile-Ife ce babbar hedikwatarsu a gargajiyance sannan kuma Ooni-Ife shi ne babban sarkinsu tare kuma da cewa Oduduwa shi ne kakansu wanda dukkan Yarabawa daga gare shi suka fito, (Lange, 1995; Babatola, 2019; Babalola, 2017).
Suna[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Sunansu na asali shi ne Yoruba , wanda shi ne sunan da suke kiran kansu da shi, babu bambanci tsakanin mutum ɗaya da kuma jama’u; wato mutane da yawa. Sannan kuma suna yi wa kansu laƙabi da kuma Omo Yoruba , wanda ke da ma’ana ta ɗan Yarabawa ko kuma ‘ya’yan Yarabawa da kuma Omo Oduduwa shi ma da ma’ana ta ɗan Oduduwa ko kuma ‘ya’yan Oduduwa. Haka na ma a Turance Yoruba ake kiran su da shi.
A Ghana da Salo (Sierra Leon) sunansu Aku . A Togo kuma Nagot ko Anago . Ƙasar Barazil kuma sunansu Lucumi . Sai kuma Bahaushe da yake kiran jama’unsu da Yarabawa, mutum ɗaya kuma ya ce Bayarabe .
Asali[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Fitattun marubuta tarihin Yarabawa (Boahen, Ajayi da Tidy, 1986; Longe, 1995; Johson, 1960; Babatola, 2019; Wardwell, Drewal, Permberton III da Aboidun, 1989; Biobaku; Babalola, 2017; Ogunbado, 2008) sun gamsu cewa asalin Yarabawa abu guda ne; dukkaninsu jikokin Oduduwa ne.
Johnson (1960), Ogunbado (2008) da Babalola (2017) sun hikaito Muhammadu Ballo (1779 - 1837) yana danganta tushen Yarabawa da Lamarudu ɗan Kan’ana mutumin Iraƙi.
Sai dai, Boahen, Ajayi da Tidy (1986), sun saɓa da waccar ruwaya ta Muhammadu Ballo inda suka ce Yarabawa mutane ne waɗanda dama tun asali suke zaune a wannan matsugunni da suke a yanzu tsawon dubunnan shekaru da suka shuɗe bisa la’akari da abin da bincike ya tabbatar daga shi kansa harshen Yarabancin da kuma kimiyyar tarihi (Archeology).
Rabe Rabe[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Yarabawa, sun rarrabu zuwa jinsi-jinsi ko karye-karye (Kare-Kare) da yawa, amma muhimmai daga cikin su su ne: Ife, Ijesha, Ijamo, Efon, Ondo, Idoko, Igbomina, Egba, Oyo, Ekiti, Akoko, Awori da kuma Ado, (Johnson, 1960; Babalola, 2017).
Sai kuma Babatola (2019), da ya kasafta Yarabawa zuwa: Ife, Ijesha, Ile Ipetu, Ila Orangun, (Osun) da kuma Igbominainbwanɗada ke zaune a jahar Osun; Edo da kuma Itsekiri a jahar Edo; Ekiti a jahar Ekiti; Ondo, Owo, Ikale, Ilaje, Akoko, Akure da Idanre a jahar Ondo; Awori, Eko, Egba da Ijebu a jahar Lagos; Egba, Ijebu, Remo, Yewa/Egbado da Awori a jahar Ogun; Oyo, Ibadan, da (Oke Ogun) a jahar Oyo.
Shi kuwa Biobaku, wanda yake dakta ne a fannin tarihi sannan kuma shugaban Shirin Nazarin Tarihin Yarabawa a Najeriya (Director of the Yoruba Historical Research Scheme, Nigeria), cewa ya yi ana samun Yarabawa a Yankin Yamma (Asalin Ƙasar Yarabawan kenan); da kuma kaɗan a Yankin Arewacin Najeriya; Dahomey (Kwatano kenan); Togo, ƙasar da ake kiran su da suna 'Nagot' ko 'Anago ’. Itsekiri da ke Yammacin Najeriya kuma faɗaɗawa ce ta Yarabawa; Sarkin Bini (Oba of Benin) da zuriyarsa, asalinsu daga Ile-Ife ne, garin Yarabawa mafi tasiri. Haka nan kuma ana samun jinsin Yarabawa a Freetown da ke ƙasar Salo (Sierra Leone), ƙasar da ake kiran su da suna Aku. Haka nan ma akwai Yarabawan Barazil waɗanda ake kira da suna Lucumi.
Guraren Zama[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ana samu Yarabawa a ƙasashen duniya da dama daga ciki akwai Najeriya inda nan ce ƙasarsu ta gado; dukkanin Yankin Yammacin Najeriya nasu ne, kuma suna da cikakkun jahohi guda shida (Lagos, Ogun, Ondo, Oyo, Osun da kuma Ekiti), Kwara ma da ke Arewacin Najeriya da kuma wani yanki na jahar Kogi duk suna cikin Ƙasar Yaraba. Haka nan kuma ana samun Yarabawa a ƙasashe irin su Jamhuriyar Benin (Benin Republic); Togo; Kudancin Amurka (South America); Yammacin Indiya (West Indies); Cuba (Onadeko, 2008). Barazil da kuma Salo.
Ogunbado (2003) ya ƙara da ƙasashe irin su Ivory Coast, Ghana, Latin Amurka kamar a Trinidad da Tobago, sannan kuma bai gushe ba yana mai cewa ana samun Yarabawa har a cikin Amurka, akwai ma wani ƙauye da ake kira Oyotuni wanda yake a kusa da Sheldon, Beaufort a Kudancin Carolina, wanda sunansa ya samo asali ne daga Oyo ta Najeriya.
Wannan mutum dai shi ne Bayarabe a taƙaice. Sauran Abubuwan da suka shafe rayuwarsa kuma, kamar abin da ya shafi Ƙasa, al’adu, addini, zamantakewa da haɗuwarsu da wasu mutanen kamar zuwan Hausawa da sauransu, kowane an yi bayaninsa a muhallin da ya dace. Ziyarci sauran majonan da ke haɗe da wannan shafin domin jin yadda akabhaihu a ragaya.