Enass Muzamel
 Enass Muzamel | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Haihuwa | Sudan, 1981 |
| ƙasa | Sudan |
| Mutuwa | 4 ga Faburairu, 2024 |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a | Mai kare ƴancin ɗan'adam |
Enass Muzamel ( Larabci: ايناس مزمل 1981 [1] - 4 ga Fabrairu 2024) 'yar rajin kare hakkin ɗan Adam ce kuma mai fafutukar dimokraɗiyya. Bayan ta taka rawar gani wajen shiryawa a lokacin juyin juya halin Sudan, ta kafa kungiyar Madaniya, kungiyar samar da zaman lafiya, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin darekta har zuwa rasuwarta a shekarar 2024. [2]
Rayuwar farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Muzamel kuma ta girma a Sudan. Mahaifinta ya rasu sa’ad da take shekara 13, kuma mahaifiyarsu ta rene ita da ’yan’uwanta mata shida. [3] Muzamel ta horar da shi a matsayin mai aikin ci gaba, kuma ya yi aikin sa kai na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya na wani lokaci. [4]
Gwagwarmaya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ƙaddamar da Masu Kekuna Mata na Sudan
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A shekarar 2017, Muzamel ta kafa wata kungiyar ‘yan gudun hijira ta ƙasar Sudan, wacce ta sa kaimi ga mata a wasannin waje, da kuma samun damar shiga wuraren jama’a. A shekara ta 1991, shugaban ƙasar Sudan na wancan lokaci Omar al-Bashir ya fitar da dokar da ta shafi tsarin shari'a, wanda ya haramta wa mata sanya wando; Bugu da kari, akwai imani na al'ada cewa hawan keke zai sa mata su rasa budurcinsu. [5] [6] [7] Muzamel ta bayyana cewa gwamnatin al-Bashir ta yi amfani da matsayinta na addini wajen takaita suka, amma mafi yawan al'ummar Sudan sun kasance masu sassaucin ra'ayi da karɓar mata masu hawan keke da shiga wasanni, duk da cewa sun bayar da rahoton cin zarafi musamman daga maza a lokacin hawan keke. [8] [9]
Shirin masu tseren keke na mata na Sudan ya gana mako-mako a wurin shakatawa a tsakiyar birnin Khartoum, kuma a shekarar 2018 yana da mambobi sama da 50. Muzamel ta samu tallafi na zahiri da na kuɗi daga kungiyar masu tuka keke ta Sudan da ofishin jakadancin ƙasar Holland. Wata mata daga kungiyar ta ci gaba da zama direban masu haihuwa mace ta farko a Khartoum. [10]
Juyin juya halin Sudan da kafa Madaniya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A lokacin juyin juya halin Sudan Muzamel ta tara kuɗaɗe, ta tara mata, ta kuma shiga zanga-zangar. A ƙarshen juyin juya halin ya kai ga hambarar da Omar al-Bashir. [2] Bayan juyin juya hali, a shekarar 2019 ta kafa Madaniya ( Larabci: مدنية)Ƙungiya mai haɗa kai da jama'a, bayar da shawarwari na asali, da tallafin rikici ga mata da 'yan mata. [4] Ta hanyar Madaniya, Muzamel ta kan tallafa wa waɗanda suka tsira daga fyaɗe, ciki har da tabbatar da samun kulawar bayan fyaɗe, ciki har da rarraba kayan fyaɗe. Tallafa wa waɗanda suka tsira da rayukansu ba su da yawa saboda ƙarancin magunguna da sauran hidimomi a faɗin ƙasar, haka kuma saboda zubar da ciki ya sabawa dokar ƙasar Sudan, lamarin da ya sa mata ke amfani da hanyoyin gargajiya da suka haɗa da shafan farji ta hanyar amfani da ganye. [11] A shekara ta 2021 Muzamel ta shiga zanga-zangar bayan juyin mulkin da sojojin Sudan da dakarun gaggawa na Sudan suka yi wa Abdalla Hamdok a lokacin da Sudan ta samu mulkin dimokuraɗiyya, ta kuma yi kira ga sojoji da su fice daga siyasar Sudan. [12]
Yaki a Sudan
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bayan ɓarkewar rikici tsakanin Sojojin Sudan da Dakaru masu Taimakawa cikin gaggawa a watan Afrilun 2023, Muzamel ta yi gudun hijira daga gidanta da ke Khartoum. Daga baya an kwashe ta da ƴan uwanta mata biyu zuwa Addis Ababa, Habasha, tare da goyon bayan Kwamitin Sabis na Abokan Amirka. [2] [13] Muzamel dai ta sha suka kan rikicin da ake yi wa laƙabi da yakin basasa, inda ya bayyana cewa ya kasance tsakanin ɓangarori biyu ne kuma ba shi da alaka da al'ummar Sudan, waɗanda ke fama da su a sakamakon haka; ta fito fili ta yi kira da a tsagaita buɗe wuta da kuma cimma yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya ta hanyar tattaunawa mai cike da ruɗani. [14] Ta bayyana duka sojojin Sudan da dakarun gaggawa a matsayin 'yan ta'adda, tare da zarginsu da aikata laifukan cin zarafin bil'adama, tare da yin kira ga gwamnatocin ƙasashen duniya da su sanya takunkumi a ɓangarorin biyu, da kuma fara yakin sake gina ƙasar Sudan.[15]
A lokacin yakin, Muzamel ta yi aiki don tabbatar da samun lafiya ga waɗanda suka tsira daga fyaɗe, ciki har da magungunan rigakafin cutar kanjamau kamar PrEP da kuma hana haihuwa, da kuma hanyoyin da za a kwashe.[16][17] Bayan fitar ta daga Sudan, Muzamel ta ci gaba da amfani da kafafen sada zumunta na zamani wajen kafa wata hanyar sadarwa ta zamani da ta haɗa da kwararrun kiwon lafiya da sauran masu fafutuka, domin tabbatar da cewa irin magunguna da kayayyakin da ake da su sun isa ga waɗanda suka tsira.[16][18] Muzamel ta ce hakan yana da sarkakiya ganin yadda kungiyoyin agaji ke kasa kai agaji cikin ƙasar, haka kuma asibitoci da dama ko dai bama-bamai ko kuma aka mamaye su, don haka ta yi kira ga ƙasashen duniya da su haɗa kai da al'ummar Sudan don kawo karshen yakin da gina al'ummar dimokuraɗiyya.[2]
Mutuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Muzamel ta rasu ne sakamakon gajeriyar rashin lafiya a ranar 4 ga watan Fabrairu 2024. [2]
Karramawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A watan Oktoban 2023, Muzamel ta sami lambar yabo ta Vital Voices Global Leadership Award daga Hillary Clinton a wani taron da aka yi a Washington, DC don nuna himma. [1] [3]
A cikin watan Disamba 2023, The Guardian ya naɗa Muzamel a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mutanen da suka fi jan hankali a cikin shekara r 2023.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Remembering Peace Activist Enass Muzamel" (in Turanci). Vital Voices. 7 February 2024. Archived from the original on 7 February 2024. Retrieved 11 February 2024. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Vital Voices" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Morgan, Charlotte (5 February 2024). "In Tribute to Enass Muzamel". International Civil Society Action Network (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 10 February 2024. Retrieved 11 February 2024. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Sudanese woman honored with Hillary Clinton". Africa Business (in Turanci). 29 October 2023. Archived from the original on 17 November 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2024. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 4.0 4.1 Evans, Lauren (25 January 2024). "Pursuing Peace in Sudan: From Civil Society Groups to the International Community". Friends Committee on National Legislation (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 27 January 2024. Retrieved 11 February 2024. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":2" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "The 21st Anniversary of the WPS Agenda: Progress or Regress?". London School of Economics and Political Science (in Turanci). 30 September 2021. Archived from the original on 30 September 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ Passilly, Augustine (11 March 2021). "Le vélo pour s'émanciper des hommes" [The bicycle to emancipate yourself from men]. La Presse (in Faransanci). Archived from the original on 11 February 2024. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ Maher, Ahmed (5 May 2021). "Sudan's women flogged in public by young men 'inspired by' violent social media campaign". The National (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ al Khashali, Abbas (27 May 2019). "خبراء عرب لـ DW: حرية المعلومة تكمن في قيمتها لا في سعرها" [Arab experts told DW: freedom of information lies in its value, not its price]. Deutsche Welle (in Larabci). Archived from the original on 17 June 2021. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ "Ep. 64: ENASS MUZAMEL TALKS PROTESTING A DICTATORSHIP ON THE STREETS OF SUDAN". The Manila Times (in Turanci). 10 November 2022. Archived from the original on 24 November 2022. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ Fadl, Ahmed (29 October 2018). "دراجيات الخرطوم .. فتيات يكسرن القيود في الهواء الطلق" [Khartoum bikers... girls breaking restrictions outdoors]. Al Jazeera (in Larabci). Archived from the original on 11 February 2024. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named:5 - ↑ ben Salah, Faïrouz (13 April 2022). "De Soedanese vrouwen dragen het protest" [The Sudanese women carry the protest]. De Groene Amsterdammer (in Holanci). Archived from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ "Update: Humanitarian response in Sudan". American Friends Service Committee (in Turanci). 2 June 2023. Archived from the original on 5 October 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ "A tribute to Enass Muzamel". American Friends Service Committee (in Turanci). 15 February 2024. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
- ↑ Schlein, Lisa (21 June 2023). "Sudan Conflict—A Regional Powder Keg". Voice of America (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 3 July 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 "High Commissioner for Human Rights: the Reckless, Senseless Conflict in Sudan Has Resulted in a Human Rights and Humanitarian Crisis that Is Unfolding at an Alarming Rate and on a Devastating Scale". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (in Turanci). 19 June 2023. Archived from the original on 27 January 2024. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ Schlein, Lisa (21 June 2023). "Sudan Conflict—A Regional Powder Keg". Voice of America (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 3 July 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ↑ Schlein, Lisa (21 June 2023). "Sudan Conflict—A Regional Powder Keg". Voice of America (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 3 July 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2024.