Hassanal Bolkiah
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Hassanal Bolkiah ibni Omar Ali Saifuddien III (an haife shi a ranar 15 ga watan Yulin 1946) kuma shine sultan na 29 kuma Yang di-Pertuan na Brunei tun 1967 kuma har ila yau shine Firayim Ministan kasar Bruni tun daga samun 'yancin kai daga hannun Burtaniya a shekara ta 1984. Yana daya daga cikin Sarakuna mafi shahara da suka rage a duniya. Shine babban da ga Omar Ali Saifuddien III da Raja (sarauniya) Pengiran Anak Damit, kuma ya gaji mulkin ne daga hannun sarkin Brunei bayan gazawar mahaifinsa a ranar 5 ga watan Oktoban 1967.
An saka sarkin acikin jerin attajiran duniya. A shekara ta 2008, Forbes ta kiyasta yawan dukiyar sarkin da ta kai dalar Amurka biliyan 20. Bayan mutuwar Sarauniya Elizabeth ta biyu ta Burtaniya a cikin 2022, Sultan a halin yanzu shine sarki mafi dadewa a duniya a yanzu, kuma shine shugaban kasa mafi dadewa a yanzu.[1] A ranar 5 ga Oktoba, 2017, Sarkin ya yi gagarumin biki don murnar cika shekaru 50 a kan karagar mulki.[2]
Kuruciya
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An haifi Sarkin ne a ranar 15 ga Yuli 1946, a Istana Darussalam, a Garin Brunei (yanzu ana kiransa Bandar Seri Begawan ) a matsayin Pengiran Muda (Yarima) Hassanal Bolkiah. Sarkin ya sami karatun sakandare a Victoria Institution da ke Kuala Lumpur, bayan haka kuma ya halarci Royal Military Academy Sandhurst a Burtaniya, inda ya kammala a 1967.[3]
Mulki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ya zama Sarkin Brunei Darussalam a ranar 5 ga watan Oktoban 1967, bayan mahaifinsa ya yi murabus. An gudanar da nadin sarautarsa a ranar 1 ga watan Agustan 1968, kuma ya zamo Yang di-Pertuan ( Shugaban Ƙasa ) na Brunei. Kamar mahaifinsa, Sarauniyar Ingila Elizabeth II ta bashi matsayin dakare na kasar Burtaniya, yayinda Brunei ta kasance yankin mulkin mallakar Burtaniya har zuwa 1984.[4][5]
A karkashin tsarin mulkin Brunei na 1959, Sultan shine shugaban kasa mai cikakken ikon zartarwa, gami da ikon gaggawa tun 1962. A ranar 9 ga watan Maris, 2006, an ba da rahoton cewa Sultan ya yi wa kundin tsarin mulkin Brunei kwaskwarima don ya mai da kansa ma'asumi a karkashin dokar Brunei.[6] Bolkiah, a matsayin Firayim Minista, kuma shine shugaban gwamnati. Bugu da kari, a halin yanzu yana rike da mukaman ministan tsaro, ministan harkokin waje da kuma ministan kudi.[7] Saboda haka a matsayinsa na ministan tsaro shi ne babban kwamandan rundunar sojoji na kasar Brunei, haka nan kuma mai girma Janar na sojojin Birtaniya da na Indonesiya sannan kuma babban Admiral a rundunar sojojin ruwa ta sarki . Ya nada kansa a matsayin Sufeto Janar na 'yan sanda (IGP) na rundunar 'yan sanda ta Royal Brunei .[ana buƙatar hujja]
Bolkiah ya yi jawabi a zauren Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan shigar Brunei Darussalam a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a watan Satumban 1984. A shekarar 1991, ya gabatar da akidar ra'ayin mazan jiya ga Brunei mai suna Melayu Islam Beraja ( Masarautar Musulunci ta Malay, MIB), wacce ke gabatar da sarauta a matsayin mai kare addini.[8] Kwanan nan ya goyi bayan kafa gwamnatin Brunei tare da ayyana kansa Firayim Minista kuma Shugaban kasa. A shekara ta 2004, an sake buɗe Majalisar Dokoki, wadda aka rushe tun 1962.[9]
Hassanal Bolkiah ya kirkiri gidauniyar Sultan Haji ta Hassanal Bolkiah (YSHHB).
An baiwa Hassanal Bolkiah shugaban taron shugabannin APEC a shekarar 2000 lokacin da Brunei Darussalam ta karbi bakuncin taron. Hassanal Bolkiah shi ne kuma shugaban kungiyar ASEAN a shekara ta 2013 lokacin da Brunei Darussalam ta karbi bakuncin taron.
Hassanal Bolkiah shi ne Shugaban Addini, kuma Musulunci shi ne addini na hukumar kasar. An gina masallatai da wuraren sallah da rukunoni a fadin kasar. Sarkin ya bada umurnin a gudanar da bukukuwan Musulunci kamar na farkon Maulidin Annabi, Isra da Miraj da Nuzul Alqur'ani mai girma. Yana yawan halartar masallatai da wuraren ibada a fadin kasar nan domin gabatar da sallar juma'a.
A cikin shekara ta 2014, Hassanal Bolkiah ya kuma ba da shawarar a dauki hukuncin shari'ar Musulunci, ciki har da cewa za a hukunta mazinata ta hanyar jefewa.
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Hassanal Bolkiah ya kuma haramta gudanar da bukukuwan Kirsimeti a 2015, ciki har da sanya hula ko tufafi masu kama da Santa Claus. Haramcin ya shafi musulmin yankin ne kawai.[10] Har yanzu ana barin Kiristoci su yi bikin Kirsimeti. A cewar Bishop na Brunei kuma Cardinal Cornelius Sim, a ranar 25 ga Disamba, 2015, akwai kusan 4,000 daga cikin 18,000 na Katolika na Brunei, galibin 'yan kasar China da baƙi da ke zaune a ƙasar, waɗanda ke halartar taron jajibirin Kirsimeti da ranar Kirsimeti. Duk da yake babu cikakkiyar dokar hana bukukuwa, an hana yin illa ga kayan ado na Kirsimeti a wuraren taruwar jama'a, musamman kantunan kasuwanci; haramcin bai shafi kananan shaguna ba ko kuma gidaje masu zaman kansu ciki har da majami'u.[11]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "World's second-longest reigning monarch, Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah, marks golden jubilee in style". Times Now. 5 October 2017. Retrieved 14 September2018.
- ↑ "Sultan of Brunei's Golden Jubilee celebrated with chariot parade". CNN. 5 October 2017. Retrieved 23 October 2017.
- ↑ Leifer, Michael (13 May 2013). Dictionary of the Modern Politics of Southeast Asia. Routledge. p. 76. ISBN 9781135129453.
- ↑ Severino, Rodolfo C.; Thomson, Elspeth; Hong, Mark (2010). Southeast Asia in a New Era: Ten Countries, One Region in ASEAN. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN 978-981-230-957-0.
- ↑ Macmillan, Palgrave (28 February 2017). The Statesman's Yearbook 2017: The Politics, Cultures and Economies of the World. Springer. ISBN 978-1-349-68398-7.
- ↑ "Sultan of Brunei Declares Himself Infallible". Hello!. 9 March 2006.
- ↑ "Ministry of Finance". The Government of Brunei Darussalam Official Website. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 27 October 2010.
- ↑ "Country profile: Brunei". BBC News. 21 January 2010. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
- ↑ "Sultan of Brunei reopens parliament". BBC News. 25 September 2004. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
- ↑ "Brunei did not ban Christians from celebrating Christmas". TheMalayOnline. 25 December 2015. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
- ↑ "Thousands celebrating Christmas in Brunei". The Brunei Times. 25 December 2015. Archived from the original on 29 December 2015. Retrieved 25 December 2015.