Elizabeth II

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Elizabeth II
monarch of Saint Kitts and Nevis (en) Fassara

19 Satumba 1983 - 8 Satumba 2022
← no value - Charles, Yariman Wales
monarch of Antigua and Barbuda (en) Fassara

1 Nuwamba, 1981 - 8 Satumba 2022
← no value - Charles, Yariman Wales
monarch of Belize (en) Fassara

21 Satumba 1981 - 8 Satumba 2022
← no value - Charles, Yariman Wales
monarch of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (en) Fassara

27 Oktoba 1979 - 8 Satumba 2022
← no value - Charles, Yariman Wales
monarch of Saint Lucia (en) Fassara

22 ga Faburairu, 1979 - 8 Satumba 2022
← no value - Charles, Yariman Wales
monarch of Tuvalu (en) Fassara

1 Oktoba 1978 - 8 Satumba 2022
← no value - Charles, Yariman Wales
monarch of the Solomon Islands (en) Fassara

7 ga Yuli, 1978 - 8 Satumba 2022
← no value - Charles, Yariman Wales
monarch of Papua New Guinea (en) Fassara

16 Satumba 1975 - 8 Satumba 2022
← no value - Charles, Yariman Wales
monarch of Grenada (en) Fassara

7 ga Faburairu, 1974 - 8 Satumba 2022
← no value - Charles, Yariman Wales
monarch of the Bahamas (en) Fassara

10 ga Yuli, 1973 - 8 Satumba 2022
← no value - Charles, Yariman Wales
monarch of the Dominion of Fiji (en) Fassara

1970 - 6 Oktoba 1987
← no value - no value →
monarch of the commonwealth realm of Mauritius (en) Fassara

12 ga Maris, 1968 - 12 ga Maris, 1992
← no value - no value →
monarch of Barbados (en) Fassara

30 Nuwamba, 1966 - 29 Nuwamba, 2021
← no value
monarch of the commonwealth realm of Guyana (en) Fassara

1966 - 1970
← no value - no value →
monarch of the commonwealth realm of the Gambia (en) Fassara

1965 - 1970
← no value - no value →
monarch of the State of Malta (en) Fassara

1964 - 1974
← no value - no value →
monarch of Malawi (en) Fassara

1964 - 1966
← no value - no value →
monarch of the commonwealth realm of Kenya (en) Fassara

1963 - 1964
← no value - no value →
monarch of Jamaica (en) Fassara

6 ga Augusta, 1962 - 8 Satumba 2022
← no value - Charles, Yariman Wales
monarch of Trinidad and Tobago (en) Fassara

1962 - 1976
← no value - no value →
monarch of the commonwealth realm of Uganda (en) Fassara

1962 - 1963
← no value - no value →
Queen of Trinidad and Tobago (en) Fassara

1962 - 1976
monarch of the commonwealth realm of Sierra Leone (en) Fassara

1961 - 1971
← no value - no value →
monarch of Tanganyika (en) Fassara

1961 - 1962
← no value - no value →
monarch of the Federation of Nigeria (en) Fassara

1960 - 1963
← no value - no value →
monarch of the commonwealth realm of Ghana (en) Fassara

1957 - 1960
← no value - no value →
monarch of Australia (en) Fassara

6 ga Faburairu, 1952 - 8 Satumba 2022
George VI (en) Fassara - Charles, Yariman Wales
monarch of Canada (en) Fassara

6 ga Faburairu, 1952 - 8 Satumba 2022
George VI (en) Fassara - Charles, Yariman Wales
Lord of Mann (en) Fassara

6 ga Faburairu, 1952 - 8 Satumba 2022 - Charles, Yariman Wales
Duke of Lancaster (en) Fassara

6 ga Faburairu, 1952 - 8 Satumba 2022 - Charles, Yariman Wales
Head of the Commonwealth (en) Fassara

6 ga Faburairu, 1952 - 8 Satumba 2022 - Charles, Yariman Wales
monarch of the United Kingdom (en) Fassara

6 ga Faburairu, 1952 - 8 Satumba 2022
George VI (en) Fassara - Charles, Yariman Wales
monarch of New Zealand (en) Fassara

6 ga Faburairu, 1952 - 8 Satumba 2022
George VI (en) Fassara - Charles, Yariman Wales
monarch of the Dominion of Pakistan (en) Fassara

6 ga Faburairu, 1952 - 1956
George VI (en) Fassara - no value →
monarch of the Union of South Africa (en) Fassara

6 ga Faburairu, 1952 - 1961
George VI (en) Fassara - no value →
Supreme Governor of the Church of England (en) Fassara

6 ga Faburairu, 1952 - 8 Satumba 2022
monarch of the Dominion of Ceylon (en) Fassara

6 ga Faburairu, 1952 - 1972
George VI (en) Fassara - no value →
Babban Kwamandan Askarawan Kanada

1952 -
heir presumptive (en) Fassara

11 Disamba 1936 - 6 ga Faburairu, 1952
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor
Haihuwa Mayfair (en) Fassara, 21 ga Afirilu, 1926
ƙasa Birtaniya
Mazauni Fadar Buckingham
Windsor Castle (en) Fassara
Balmoral Castle (en) Fassara
Sandringham House (en) Fassara
Holyrood Palace (en) Fassara
Harshen uwa Turanci
Mutuwa Balmoral Castle (en) Fassara, 8 Satumba 2022
Makwanci King George VI Memorial Chapel (en) Fassara
Yanayin mutuwa Sababi na ainihi (senility (en) Fassara
unknown value)
Ƴan uwa
Mahaifi George VI
Mahaifiya Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother
Abokiyar zama Philip Mountbatten  (20 Nuwamba, 1947 -  9 ga Afirilu, 2021)
Yara
Ahali Princess Margaret, Countess na Snowdon
Yare House of Windsor (en) Fassara
Karatu
Harsuna Turanci
Faransanci
Malamai Marion Crawford (en) Fassara
Henry Marten (en) Fassara
William Henry Harris (en) Fassara
Sana'a
Sana'a sarki, art collector (en) Fassara da aristocrat (en) Fassara
Tsayi 64 in
Kyaututtuka
Mamba Royal Society (en) Fassara
Aikin soja
Fannin soja Auxiliary Territorial Service (en) Fassara
Imani
Addini Church of England (en) Fassara
Church of Scotland (en) Fassara
IMDb nm0703070

Sarauniya Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary) An haife ta a ranar 21 ga watan Afrilun shekara ta alif ɗari tara da ashirin da shida 1926, zuwa ranar 8 ga watan Satumba shekarata 2022. Ita ce Sarauniyar United Kingdom da wasu ƙasashen Ƙungiyar Ƙasashe masu tasowa.

Elizabeth dai an haife ta ne a birnin London, ita ce ɗiyar farko daga gidan Duke na York da matarsa Duchess na York, wanda daga bisani ya zama Sarki George VI matarsa kuma Mahaifiyar Sarauniya Elizabeth II, sarauniyar ta samu karatun tane daga cikin gidan iyayenta a matsayin ta na ƴar gidan sarauta. Mahaifinta yakaiga karagar mulki bayan ƙwace sarautar da akayi daga hannun Sarki Edward VIII wanda ɗan uwanta a ne a shekara ta alif 1936, wanda tun daga nan ne ta zama mai jiran gado. Tafara yin ayyukan al'umma musamman aikin soja a yayin yaƙin duniya na II, inda tayi aiki a ƙarƙashin Auxiliary Territorial Service. A shekarata alif 1947, Ta auri Philip, Duke na Edinburgh, tsohon Yariman ƙasar Greece da Denmark, wanda suke da yara huɗu dashi: Charles, Yariman Wales; Anne, Princess Royal; Andrew, Duke na York; da Edward, Earl na Wessex.

Bayan rasuwar mahaifin ta a watan Fabrairun shekara ta alif 1952, tazama shugaban Commonwealth kuma queen regnant na ƙasashe bakwai (7) dake cikin Commonwealth: United Kingdom, Kanada, Australiya, New Zealand, Union of South Africa, Dominion of Pakistan, da Ceylon. Tayi mulki da kawo sauyin dokokin ƙasashe kamar devolution in the United Kingdom, Canadian patriation, da kuma decolonisation of Africa. A tsakanin shekarar alif 1956 da shekarar alif 1992, adadin yawan ƙasashen da Elizabeth ta II ke mulka sun sauya kasantuwar wasu yankuna sun samu ƴancin cin gashin kansu, waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙasa kamar Africa ta kudu, Pakistan, da Ceylon (wanda aka canja wa suna zuwa Sri Lanka), wasu kuma sun zama republics. Daga cikin ziyarce ziyarcen ta na tarihi da huɗɗoɗinta akwai state visit to the Republic of Ireland da kuma ziyararta ga ko ziyartan Pope Roma biyar. Manyan biki a Rayuwarta akwai coronation in 1953 da murnar cikarta shekara ashirin da biyar a karagar mulki Silver, Da na shekara hamsin Golden, Da kuma Diamond Jubilees a shekara ta alif 1977, 2002, da 2012 dasuka gabata. A shekarar 2017, tazama sarauniyar Biritaniya ta farko da takai Sapphire Jubilee. Kuma ita ce mafi tsawon shekaru akan Sarautar Biritaniya har wayau ita ce tsohuwar sarauniyar data daɗe akan karagar mulki kuma mace shugaba da tafi daɗewa a duniya, kuma mafi tsawon shekaru akan karagar mulki cikin shugabannin duniya dake raye a yanzu.

Elizabeth ta fuskanci suka daga ƴan republican sentiments da na ƴan jarida royal family, musamman bayan rabe-raben auren ƴa yanta her annus horribilis a shekarar 1992 da rasuwar death in 1997 wadda tsohuwar sarakuwarta ce Diana, Sarauniyar Wales. Duk da yake samun goyon bayan masarautar ya cigaba da ƙaruwa, hakama cigaba da karɓuwarta da ƙarin farin jinin ta..

Farkon Rayuwarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Elizabeth as a thoughtful-looking toddler with curly, fair hair
Elizabeth a bangon Jaridar Time magazine, April 1929

An haifi Elizabeth a daidai ƙarfe 02:40 (GMT) ranar 21 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta 1926, A lokacin mulkin kakanta namiji, King George V. Mahaifinta Duke din York (wanda yazama King George VI), shine ɗa na biyun Sarkin. Mahaifiyarta, Duchess din York (wadda tazama Queen Elizabeth), Itace ƴar autan Scottish aristocrat wato Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne. An haife ta a Caesarean section gidan iyayen kakanta dake London: 17 Bruton Street, Mayfair.[1] Anyimata baptised daga Anglican Archbishop of York, Cosmo Gordon Lang, a cocin Buckingham Palace a ranar 29 ga watan Mayu,[2]efn|name=baptism|Her godparents were: King George V and Queen Mary; Lord Strathmore; Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (her paternal great-granduncle); Princess Mary, Viscountess Lascelles (her paternal aunt); and Lady Elphinstone (her maternal aunt).[3] An raɗa mata suna Elizabeth daga sunan mahaifiyarta, Alexandra kuma bayan George V's mother, wanda yarasu wata shida kafin a haife ta, Mary kuma daga her paternal grandmother.[4] ƴan uwanta nakusa nakiranta da "Lilibet" ,[5] akan abinda ta kira kanta dashi ne da farko,[6] mahaifin mahaifinta na matuƙar sonta wato George V, A lokacin tsakanin ciwonsa a 1929, ziyarar data riƙa kai masa yasamu tagomashi a jaridu da kuma tarihai, tareda taimaka masa wurin samun sauƙi.[7]

Elizabeth as a rosy-cheeked young girl with blue eyes and fair hair
Portrait by Philip de László, 1933

Ƴar uwar Elizabeth ɗaya, itace Princess Margaret, an haife ta a shekarar 1930. Sunyi karatunsu a gidan mahaifinsu a ƙarƙashin kulawar mahaifiyarsu da kuma maikula dasu wato, Marion Crawford.[8] Karatunsu yafi mayarda hankaline akan tarihi, Harshe, literature da Waƙa.[9] Crawford ya wallafa tarihin Elizabeth da yarintar Margaret, wanda akaiwa laƙabi da The Little Princesses in 1950, much to the dismay of the royal family.[10] Littafi ya fayyace son da Elizabeth kewa Dokuna da Karnuka, yadda takeda tsari, da halayyarta na ɗaukan nauyin abunda ke ƙarƙashin ta.[11] ".[12] Wasu kuma sun yi na'am da irin waɗannan abubuwan: Winston Churchill ya kwatanta Elizabeth lokacin da take da shekaru biyu a matsayin "halayya. Tana da iska mai iko da tunani mai ban mamaki a cikin jariri." amma mai hankali da kiyaye".[2].

Hotuna[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. Bradford, p. 22; Brandreth, p. 103; Marr, p. 76; Pimlott, pp. 2–3; Lacey, pp. 75–76; Roberts, p. 74
  2. Hoey, p. 40
  3. Brandreth, p. 103; Hoey, p. 40
  4. Brandreth, p. 103
  5. Pimlott, p. 12
  6. Williamson, p. 205
  7. Lacey, p. 56; Nicolson, p. 433; Pimlott, pp. 14–16
  8. Crawford, p. 26; Pimlott, p. 20; Shawcross, p. 21
  9. Brandreth, p. 124; Lacey, pp. 62–63; Pimlott, pp. 24, 69
  10. Brandreth, pp. 108–110; Lacey, pp. 159–161; Pimlott, pp. 20, 163
  11. Brandreth, pp. 108–110
  12. Brandreth, pp. 105–106